lunette 
of art of such a shape us to (ill a lunette, espe- 
cially a painting or panel of such shape: as, 
tln> Inni-lli'x of Co 
Afwiwtteforanaltarof tin rlmivhof Saint AKustfiin. 
The fortfulin, March, 1888, p. <J-i 
9. One of the two open loops of steel which con- 
stitute the guard of the ordinary fleuret or foil 
used iii fencing. 10. In nrlillrry, an iron ring 
at the end of the trail-plate of a gun-oiirriage, 
to bo placed over tho pintle-hook of the limber 
in limbering up. 11. In tho Horn. Cath. Ch., a 
crescent-shaped or circular case of crystal fitted 
into the monstrance for tho purpose of receiv- 
ing the consecrated liost for solemn exposition, 
lung (lung), H. [< MK. liiniji: lunge (pi. lunges'), 
< AS. liutgeit (not "lunge), pi. lungeiia (not *lun- 
gan) = OFries. liuigrn, lungene = MD. tonge, D. 
longmOB.Q. lni/gunna,lutit/i/ni(i, /uitghitt, lungd, 
Mill!, limi/rni; (Linage = Icel. Inngti, pi. Itiiigu 
= Sw. lungn = Dan. lunge, lung; akin to AS. lun- 
<!< ( = OHG. litngitr, MUG. lunger), quick (orig. 
light), luiujre, quickly (orig. lightly), and to AS. 
ledht, lilit (orig. "linht), light: see lighft, a., and 
cf . Ugh ft, n., in pi., lungs (of an animal); cf . also 
Pg. levc, lung, < levc, light. < L. levis, light, akin 
to E. light 2 , a., and thus ult. to lung.] 1. One of 
the two spongy or saceular organs, occupying 
the thorax or upper part of the body-cavity, 
which communicate with the pharynx through 
the trachea, and are the organs of respiration in 
air-breathing vertebrates. The corresponding or- 
gans of those animals that breathe under water are the 
gills or branching; in ordinary fishes the homologue of a 
lung is the air-bladder or sound, whose varying conditions 
3543 
iHvidi'd into an upper, a middle, and a lower lobe ; the left 
MiHid-vrhM'N enter, forming the root of the lung; and ex- 
cept for this attachment the lung lies free in it- plenral 
cavity, which it completely Nils. The lung Is elastic and 
always on the stretch. The lilood, in passing through the 
lungs, gives off carbon dioxid to the air in the alveoli, 
and receives oxygen. This absorption and elimination 
seems to be a simple mechanical process, and Independent 
of any secreting or other activity of the epithelial cells. 
In the lower vertebrate* there may be but one lung, or 
one may be much larger than the other. A lung may Ha 
in the general cavity of the body and be of great extent, 
as In serpents. The lungs are flxed and molded to the ribs 
In birds, and In this class the air-passages through the lungs 
expand into great serous sacs which occupy most parts of 
the body and extend into the hollow bones. 
With hys swyrde the bore he stonge 
Thornw the lyvyr and the lunge. 
MS. Cantab. Ff. ii. 88, f. 100. (HaUiwett.) 
And the kynge Ban smote Acolas, that the shulder dls- 
seuered from the body so depe that the lonyts apered. 
Merlin (E. E. T. 8.), U. 367. 
2. In entom., one of the respiratory organs pe- 
culiar to those Arachnida whose tracheal sys- 
tem is modified into a number of lamellae su- 
perimposed upon one another like the leaves 
of a book. They are also called pulmonary 
lamella; and respiratory leaflets. 3. In pulmo- 
nate mollusks, a modification of the integu- 
ment subserving aerial respiration : more fully 
ce,l\edexternal lung. Huxley. 4f. pi. A bellows- 
blower ; a chemist's servant. 
That Is his fire-drake, 
His Lungt, his Zephyrus, he that puffs his coals. 
B. Jonson, Alchemist, ii. 1. 
At the top of one's lungs, with the utmost strength of 
one's voice. Brown induration of the lungs. See in- 
duration. Collier's lung, In patliol., anthracosis. To 
try one's lungs, to raise one's voice to Its utmost pitch. 
Structure of Lungs. 
-*, larynx ; B, trachea ; C. C. bronchi, right and left ; />, D. D, D, 
ramifications of bronchial tubes or air-passages in iungs ; E, E, uncut 
smooth surface. 
and such hill-shaking merry-heartedness I may never lis- 
ten to again In the Lochs. J. T. Fieldi, Underbrush, p. 196. 
lunge 1 (lunj), . [Formerly longe, lounge; by 
apheresis from alonge, allonge (appar. taken as 
a longe): see allonge.'] 1. In fencing, a thrust. 
In a desperate lounge, which Leicester successfully put 
aside, Tressilian exposed himself at disadvantage. 
Scott, Kenllworth, xxxlx. 
2. Any sudden forward movement of a person 
or thing resembling the lunge of a fencer; a 
plunge; a lurch: as, the lunge of a coach. [Col- 
loq.] 
He ... made so sudden a lunge forward that he threat- 
ened to upset tho boat. Harper's Mag., LXXIX. 111. 
are important In classification. (See phyioelistou,, pkysos- I S*^5^! *"' S P *T * ' *?* PP-'""^f: PP r : '""' 
tommu, and sound.) Except in their least-developed con- *"# . C < "#?> *] * "'trans. 1. To thrust, as in 
dltlon, the lungs are formed by the repeated subdivision 
of the branches of their bronchi which finally end In 
saceular dilatations called infundibula. The infundibnla 
and the air-passages immediately leading to them are beset 
with air-cells. These air-cells or alveoli are from jfo, to 
A of an inch in diameter. They are furnished with a close 
capillary network in which the branches from the pul- 
monary artery terminate, and the blood Is separated from 
the air only by the capillary wall and the thin alveolar 
epithelium of the air-cells. This assemblage of minute 
saceular organs and air-bearing tubes is bound up by con- 
nective tissue into the comparatively compact lung. The 
bronchial arteries and veins provide for the nutrition of 
the pulmonary structures. Lymphatics abound, and there 
are numerous lymphatic glands. The vagus and sympa- 
thetic supply nerves. In man each lung is pyramidal in 
form, its base resting on the diaphragm and its apex rising 
about an inch above the collar-bone. The right lung is 
fencing, with the sword or foil ; make a thrust 
forward; plunge. 
When the grenadiers were lunging, 
And like hail fell the plunging 
Cannon shot. 
0. H. McMaster, The Old Continentals. 
Be ... raught up the snuffers, and hcforeapplylngthem 
to the cabbage-headed candle, lunyed at the sleeper. 
Diclcem, Little Dorrit, Iv. 
2. To hide ; skulk. [Prov. Eng.] 
II. trans. To cause to move in a plunging or 
lunitidal 
limgiSt, H. [Also limi/ii-*; < OK. tftOlf, an idle, 
stupid, dreaming fellow, appar. adopted ami 
associated with '(/. long, from l.nni/is, a proper 
name, < L. I.IIHI/HIH "i /./</</'"">. the name in 
the old mystery plays, and in the apocryphal 
gospel of Nicodemus, of the centurion who 
thrust his spear into the body of Christ, the 
name being appar. suggested by Or. 'f.Afxn, a 
lance, in John xix. 34 : see /once 1 . Hence per- 
haps lounge 1 .] A long, awkward fellow ; a dull, 
drowsy man. 
If he be cleanelye, then terme they him proude ; If meane 
lu apparell, a slouen; if tulle, a lungii. 
Lyly, Euphues, Anat. of Wit, p. 11.',. 
Bow dost I In HI , Ralph ? Art thon not shrewdly hurt? the 
foul great lungici laid unmercifully on thee. 
Beau, and Fl., Knight of Burning Pestle, ii. 6. 
lungless (lung'les), . [< lung + -tow.] Hav- 
ing no lungs ; not pulmouate, as certain inferior 
animals. 
lung-lichen (lung'li'ken), . Same as lung- 
wort, 3. 
lung-moss (lung'mds), n. Same as lungwort, 3. 
lungoor (luug'gor), n. [E. Ind.] A monkey of 
northern India, Semnopitliecus schistaceus, re- 
sembling and related to the entellus monkey 
or hanuman ; the white-bearded ape. Also lan- 
goor, langhur. 
liing-strongle (lung'strong'gl), . The strongle 
which infests the human lungs, fitrongylus bron- 
chialig. 
lung-Struck (lung'struk), a. Suffering from 
disease of the lungs. [Colloq.] 
AU-les-Bains and Mattock, where the lung-struck world 
passes July and August. 
Pall Mall Gazette, Oct. 13, 1882. (Encyc. Diet.) 
lung-tester (luug'tes'ter), . An instrument 
for testing the capacity of the chest ; a spirom- 
eter. E. H. Knight. 
lung-Woet, . [ME. longe-won; < lung + tear.] 
Consumption; phthisis. 
The longe-uvo cometh ofte of yvel elre, 
The stomake eke of elre is overtake. 
Palladium, Busbondrie(E. E. T. 8.), p. IS. 
lung-worm (lung'werm), n. A worm parasitic, 
in the lungs. 
lungwort (lung'wert), . 1. A European bo- 
ragmaceous plant, Pulmonaria officinalis. it Is 
named from a supposed resemblance of its spotted leaves 
to the appearance of the human lungs, on account of which 
it was formerly used in pulmonary diseases. 
2. An American plant, Mertensia Virginica, of 
the same family, at first referred to Pulmo- 
naria. Af. maritima is the sea-lungwort. 3. 
A lichen, Sticta pulmonaria, somewhat resem- 
bling in shape a human lung, and formerly re- 
garded as a lung-remedy: same ashnzcl-frottlrg. 
Bullock's or cow's lungwort, the mullen, Verbascum 
Thapsus, formerly used as a remedy for lung-disease in 
cattle, because its leaf resembles a dewlap. Clown's 
lungwort, (a) Simeia bullock's lungwort. (0) The tooth- 
wort, Lathroea sguamaria, a reputed remedy for diseases 
of the lungs. French or golden lungwort, the wall- 
hawkweed, llieraciuin murorum. Sea-lungwort. See 
def. 2. Smooth lungwort, a plant of the genus Merten- 
sia, as distinguished from Pulmonaria, which is rough. 
Tree-lungwort, Mertensia I" '' 
BPV 
The coachman was lunginy Oeorgy round the lawn on 
the gray pony. Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xlvi. 
The place [a watercourse] should be widened gradually, 
over 
Human Lungs, Heart, and Great Vessels, front view (great vessels 
except of lungs cut off). 
i left carotid artery; SC and 5^ir^t od'^H^BrUa'a.iSr 
lv.-m; /Taml//'. right and left pulmonary vein; ^/-'and/J/' 
lit'tnd left jtiijular vein; t'S, vena cava superior (its two fork* not 
- 
.in,l left jugu - 
ri-.l. .IK- nt;!it .in. I Ii-ii in 
origin of rig] 
L>:23 
inferior; 
lunge 2 (lunj), H. Same as 
lunged (lungd), a. [< lung + -ed?.~\ 1. Having 
lungs; technically, in zool., pulmonate: com- 
mon in compounds, as strong- or weak-/wn</ef?. 
2. Drawing in and expelling air like the 
lungs. [Poetical.] 
The smith prepares his hammer for the stroke, 
While the fung'd bellows hissing flre provoke. 
Dryden, tr. of Juvenal's Satires, x. 
lunger (lun'jer), n. One who lunges or thrusts. 
To do him justice ... a swifter lunger never crossed a 
sword. Bulwer, Zanonl, it 1. 
lung-fever (lung'fe'ver), n. Pneumonia, 
lung-fish (lung'fish), . Adipnoan; any fish of 
the order Dipnoi. 
How difficult a matter it is to decide whether the lung, 
fish of Brazil and Senegambia belongs to the amphibia or 
to the fishes. Pop. Set. Mo., XXX. 878. 
lung-flower (lung'flou'er), n. The marsh-gen- 
tian, Gentiana Pneumonanthc : a translation of 
its specific name. 
lung-grown (lung'gron), o. In med., having 
lungs that adhere to the pleura. 
especially, crescentic ; lunate or lunulate: said 
of parts the longitudinal section of which is 
between crescentiform and semiglobose. 
lunisolar (lu-ni-so'lSr), a. [< L. luna, the 
moon, + sol, the snn:"see solar.'] Depending 
jointly on the motions or actions of the moon 
and the sun: as, the lunisolar cycle Lunisolar 
period, any one of the periods in the reckoning of time 
which depend on the relative motions of the sun and moon. 
Lunisolar precession, in astron., that part of the an- 
nual precession of the equinoxes which depends on the 
joint action of the sun and moon. Lunisolar year, a 
period of 532 years, found by multiplying the cycle of the 
sun (28 years) by the cycle of the moon (19 years), and char- 
acterized by the recurrence of eclipses in the same order 
as In the previous lunisolar period. Also called Diony- 
sian period. 
lunistice (lu'nis-tis), n. [< NL. lunixtitiiim, < L. 
luna, the moon, + status, a standing, < stare, 
pp. status, stand: see state. Cf. solstice, armis- 
tice.'] In astron., the moment of the moon's 
greatest northing and southing in her monthly 
revolution. 
lunistitial (lu-ni-stish'al), a. [< lunistice (NL. 
Itinifttitiiini) + -nl.] Pertaining to a lunistice. 
Lunistitial points, the points of the moon's orbit 
furthest from the equinoctial. 
lunitidal (lu-ni-ti'dal), a. [< L. luna, the 
moon, + E. tide + -al: see tidal."] Relating to 
that part of the tidal movement which is de- 
pendent on the moon Lunitidal Interval, the In- 
terval between the moon's passage over the meridian and 
