lunitidal 
ment" of any port, uncorrected for the half-monthly in- 
equality due to the sun's action. The lunitidal interval 
thus corrected is the mean or corrected "establishment" 
of the port. 
lunkhead (lungk'hed), H. A heavy, stupid fel- 
low. Bartlett. [Colloq., U. S.] 
lunnite (lun'it), n. [Named after Rev. F. L>ni. 
who analyzed it.] A name sometimes used col- 
lectively to include the related copper phos- 
phates dihydrite, ehlite, pseudomalachite, etc. 
lunstockt, n. An obsolete form of linstock. 
lunt (lunt), n. [< D. lont, a match, = G. lunte, 
a match, formerly a lamp- wick, = Sw. hmta = 
Dan. luntc, a match. Cf. link 3 .'] If. A match, 
torch, or port-fire anciently used for discharging 
cannon. 2f. The lock and appurtenances of 
a match-lock gun. See quotation under snap- 
work. 3. A lively combustion ; fire and smoke 
in general. [Scotch and North. Eng.] 
She fuff 't her pipe wf sic a lunt. Burns, Halloween. 
lunt (lunt), v. i. [< lunt, n. Cf. link, .] To 
emit smoke; flame; be on fire. [Scotch.] 
The luntin pipe an 1 sneeshin mill 
Are handed round wf right guid will. 
Burns, The Twa Dogs. 
lunula (lu'nu-la), >(.; pi. lunula; (-le). [L., dim. 
of luna, the moon : see luna. Cf. lunule.] Some- 
thing which is shaped like a little moon or nar- 
row crescent; a lunule or lunulet. 
The patrician order wore shoes of black leather (calceus 
patricius), ornamented with an ivory crescent, and hence 
called lunula. Encye. Brit., VI. 457. 
Specifically (a) The free crescentic edge and adjoining 
thin part of a semilunar valve of the heart. (6) The small 
white semilunar mark at the base of the human finger- 
nails, (c) A crescentic impression on some bivalve shells ; 
a Innule. (d) A small semicircular or crescentic spot of 
color; a lunulet. (e) [cap.] A generic name given by 
Hitchcock to ichnolites of uncertain character. (/) In 
ninth., a lune. 
lunular (lu'nu-lar), a. [< L. lunula + -ar3.] 
Having a form Tike that of the new moon; 
shaped like a small crescent; lunulate. 
Lunularia (lu-nu-la'ri-a), n. [NL. (Micheli, 
1729), so called in allusion to the lunate form 
of the gemmte-bearing receptacles, < L. lunula, 
a little moon : see lunule.'] A genus of Hepaticce 
or liverworts, typical of the tribe Lunulariece. 
The thallus is oblong, with rounded lobes, distinctly arec- 
late and porose. The carpocephalum is cruciately divided 
into one to six, usually four, horizontal segments, which are 
tubular and one-fruited; the capsule is exserted on a long 
pedicel, and is four- to eight-valved. The only species, L. 
cruciala, is introduced into greenhouses. 
Lunularieae (lu"nu-la-ri'e-e), n. pi. [NL., < Lu- 
nularia + -ece.~] A former tribe of Hepatica; or 
liverworts, established by Nees von Esenbeck, 
1833-8, and typified by the genus Lunularia. 
lunulate (lu'nu-lat), a. [< NL. lunulatus, < L. 
lunula, a little moon, new moon: see lunule.'} 
1. Shaped like a new moon ; narrowly crescent- 
ed. 2. In gool., having one or several small 
crescentie markings. P. L. Sclater. 
lunulated (lu'nu-la-ted), a. Same as lunulate. 
lunule (lu'nul), n. [< L. lunula, a little moon, 
dim. of luna, the moon: see luna, lane 1 .'] Some- 
thing in the shape of a little moon or crescent, 
(a) In conch., the lunula, a crescentic impression on each 
valve of many bivalve shells, in front of the umbo, form- 
ing with its fellow an oval or somewhat cordate figure ; 
it is conspicuous in the Veneridce and many related forms, 
(d) In entam., a lunulate mark or line on the center of the 
lower wing, found in many moths, (c) In georn., a lune. 
See lunel, 2. <d) A crescent-shaped mark at the root of a 
nail. Frontal lunule, in entom., a curved space imme- 
diately above the antenna, characteristic of the flies of 
the suborder Cydarhapha, wanting in the Orthorhapha. It 
is related to the bladdery inflation of the front by means 
of which these flies force open the larval envelop. 
lunulet (lu'nu-let), n. [< lunule + -et.] In 
entom., a small crescent-shaped spot or mark 
on a surface. 
lunulite (lu'nu-lit), . [< NL. Lunulites, q. v.] 
A fossil polyzoan of the genus Lunulites. 
Lunulites (lu-nu-ll'tez), . [NL., < L. lunula, 
a little moon: see lunule.] A genus of fossil 
Polyzoa. Several species range from the Upper 
Cretaceous to the coralline crag. 
luny (lu'ni), a. [Abbr. from lunatic, and often 
spelled loony, with ref . to loon 1 . Cf. lune 1 , 3. ] 
Lunatic; crazy; silly and erratic : usually ap- 
plied to partial or temporary aberration, and to 
persons afflicted with partial lunacy. Used also 
as a noun. [Colloq.] 
His fits [epileptic] were nocturnal, and he had frequent 
"luny spells," as he called them. 
E. C. Mann, Psychol. Med., p. 424. 
Lupa (lu'pa), . [NL. (Leach, 1814), < L. lupa, 
a she-wolf, fern, of lupus, a wolf: see Lupus 1 .'] 
A genus of crabs of the family Portumda:. The 
common edible crab of the United States has been called 
L. dtacantha; it is now known as Callinectes hastatus. 
Lupercal (lu'per-kal), a. and n. [< L. Luper- 
calis, pertaining to Lupercus (neut. pi. Luper- 
3544 
calia, the feast of Lupercus ; neut. sing, as noun 
Lupercal, a grotto on the Palatine hill sacred to 
Lupercus) or Inuus, regarded, under the name 
Lupercus, as a protecting deity of shepherds, as 
' he who wards off the wolves,' < lupus, a wolf, 
+ arcere, ward off, keep off.] I. a. Pertaining 
to Lupercus or to the Lupercalia. 
Il.t n. Same as Lupercalia. [An erroneous 
use.] 
You all did see that on the Lupercal 
I thrice presented him a kingly crown, 
Which he did thrice refuse. 
Shak., J. C., iii. 2. 100. 
Lupercalia (lu-per-ka'li-a), n.pl. [L.: see Lu- 
percal.] One of the most ancient of Roman fes- 
tivals, celebrated every year in the middle of 
February. The origin of the festival is older than the 
legend of Romulus and the wolf, with which, as with the 
Greek cult of Pan, it was sought later to connect it. It 
was originally a local purification ceremony of the Pala- 
tine city, in which human victims were sacrificed in the 
Lupercal cave near the Porta Romana, after having been 
conducted around the walls. In historic times the vic- 
tims were goats and a dog, and the celebrants ran around 
the old line of the Palatine walls, striking all whom they 
met with thongs cut from the skins of the slaughtered 
animals. These blows were reputed to preserve women 
from sterility. The divinity of the Lupercalia was the old 
Etrurian god Inuus, akin to Mars. 
Lupercalian (lu-per-ka'li-an), a. [< Lupercalia 
+ -are.] Of or pertaining to the ancient Roman 
festival of the Lupercalia. 
Lupinae(lu-pi'ne),w.j>Z. [NIj.,<. Lupus 1 + -in&.] 
A subfamily of Canidw, distinguished from Vul- 
pince or foxes ; wolves. It corresponds to Ca- 
nirue in a narrow sense. 
lupinaster (lu-pin-as'ter), n. The bastard lu- 
pine, Trifolium Lupinaster, a Siberian plant with 
purple or white flowers, very large for the genus, 
and lupine-like leaves. The species has some- 
times been regarded as forming a separate genus 
(Lupinaster). 
lupine 1 (lu'pin or -pin), a. [= F. lupin = Sp. 
Pg. It. lupino, < L. lupinus, belonging to a wolf, 
<. lupus, a wolf: see Lupus 1 . Cf. lupine^, n.] 1. 
Like a wolf; wolfish; ravenous. 2. In zool., 
pertaining to the series or group of canine ani- 
mals which contains the wolves, jackals, and 
dogs, as distinguished from the foxes ; thooid. 
In lupine animals the skull has frontal sinuses which affect 
the profile of the head and the contour of the cranial cavity, 
and the pupil of the eye is usually round. See vulpine, 
alopecoid, and thooid. 
lupine 2 (lu'pin), n. [= D. lupijn = G. lupine, 
< F. lupin = Sp. It. lupino = Russ. lupinu, < L. 
lupinus, lupinum, a lupine, orig. masc. and neut. 
respectively of lupinus, belonging to a wolf : see 
lupine 1 , a. The reason of the name is unknown.] 
A plant of the genus Lupinus. The white lupine, 
L. albus, of southern Europe and the Orient, has been cul- 
tivated from antiquity. Its seeds serve as a pulse, and its 
herbage is valuable for fodder and green manure. In Por- 
tugal it is used, under the name of tramoso, to choke out 
obstinate weeds. The scented yellow lupine. L. luteus, of 
the Mediterranean region, is used in central Europe to im- 
prove sandy soils. 
Various other spe- 
cies have similar 
uses, among them 
the Egyptian L. 
Termis, resembling 
L. albus, and L. va- 
rius, with flowers 
chiefly blue. The 
tree-lupine, L. ar- 
boreiis, of Pacific 
North America, has 
been used with suc- 
cess to bind shift- 
ing sand. It is a 
shrub growing 10 
feet high, and send- 
ing its roots more 
than 20 feet deep. 
The ornamental lu- 
pines are extreme- 
ly numerous. L. 
albus, L. luteus, and 
L. varius, men- 
tioned above, were 
formerly common 
in gardens, but 
have been some- 
what superseded 
by species from 
western America. 
Among these are 
the tree-lupine and the many-leafed lupine (L. polyphyllus) 
of North America and L. versteolor of Peru. The wild 
lupine of the eastern United States is L. perennw, a plant 
with a long showy raceme of purple flowers, common in 
sandy soil. Bastard lupine. See lupinasler. 
lupmin (lu'pi-nin), . [< Lupinus + -M 2 .] A 
bitter glucoside extracted from the leaves of 
Lupinus albus. 
lupinite (lu'pi-nlt), n. 
Same as lupin hi. 
Lupinus (lu-pi'nus), n. [NL. (Tournefort, 1700), 
< lupus, a wolf, in allusion to its destroying or 
exhausting land.] A large genus of legumi- 
Flowering Plant of Lupine (Lufinus 
perenHis). a, flower; *, fruit, showing the 
dehiscence. 
[< Lupinus + -jfe 2 .] 
lural 
nous plants of the suborder Papilinnaceee and 
the tribe Genistew. It is characterized by having the 
leaves simple or digitately many-foliate ; the divisions of 
the calyx longer than the tube ; the wings of the corolla 
often united at the apex, the keel beaked ; and a com- 
pressed coriaceous or fleshy legume. More than 95 spe- 
cies have been described, but they may be somewhat 
reduced ; they occur in North and South America, the 
Mediterranean region, and tropical Africa, being especially 
abundant on the western coast of America. They are herbs 
or undershrubs with terminal or axillary racemes of showy 
blue or purple flowers, rarely yellow or white, and often 
fragrant. Numerous species are cultivated for their beauty 
and for use. See lupine'*. 
lupous (lu'pus), a. [< L. lupus, a wolf (see Lu- 
pus 1 ), + -CMS.] Wolfish ; like a wolf. [Rare.] 
luppa (lup'a), n. [E. Ind.] A cloth made in In- 
dia of silk, or silk and cotton, with gold and sil- 
ver thread used so abundantly that the surface 
seems to be wholly of metal. Compare kincou. 
luppen (lup'n). A dialectal (Scotch) perfect 
participle of leap 1 . 
lupulin, lupuline (lu'pu-lm), n. [< lupulus + 
-in 2 , -ine 2 .] 1. The peculiar bitter aromatic- 
principle of the hop. Also called lupulite. 2. 
An alkaloid found in hops. 3. The fine yellow 
powder of hops, which contains the bitter prin- 
ciple. It consists of the little round glands found upon 
the stipules and fruit, and is obtained by drying, heating, 
and then sifting the hops. It is used in medicine. 
Also hmnulin, humuline. 
lupuline (lu'pu-lin), a. [< NL. lupulus, hop, + 
-inc 1 .] In *., resembling a head of the hop. 
lupulinic (lu-pu-lin'ik), a. [< lupulin + -ic.] 
Of or pertaining to lupulin: consisting of or 
containing lupulin. 
It is almost impossible to free them [scales of the hop] 
entirely from the lupulinic grains. Ure, Diet., I. SOS. 
lupulinous (lu-pu-ll'nus), a. [< lupuline + -ous.~] 
Same as lupuline. 
lupulite (lu'pu-llt), n. [< NL. lupulus, hop (see 
lupulin), + -ite 2 .] Same as lupulin, 1. 
lupulus (lu'pu-lus), n. [NL. (Tournefort), a 
fish, a hook, lit. the hop-plant, etc., also a skin- 
disease; dim. of L. lupus, the hop-plant, a par- 
ticular use of lupus, a wolf (so called perhaps be- 
cause it 'strangles' the shrubbery upon which 
it may climb).] The hop-plant, Humulus Lupu- 
lus: still occasionally used. 
Lupus 1 (lu'pus), n. [NL., < L. lupus, a wolf, = 
Gr. AiiKOf = Goth, ivulfs, etc . . = E. wolf: see wolf.] 
1. (a) A genus of Ca- 
nidw, comprising the 
wolves, but having no 
characters by which 
it can be distinguish- 
ed from Canis. In 
this nomenclature the 
common gray wolf of 
North America is call- 
ed Lupus occidentalis. 
(b) [7. c.] The specif- 
ic designation of the 
common wolf, Canis 
lupus. 2. An ancient 
southern constella- 
tion, the Wolf, repre- 
senting a beast held 
by the hand of the 
Centaur. It has two 
stars of the third mag- 
nitude. 3. [I.e.'] In 
pathol.: (a)Lupusvul- 
garis, a tuberculosis 
of the skin, presenting clinically reddish-brown 
patches made up of papules, tubercles, and flat 
infiltrations. These patches proceed to ulceration and 
subsequent cicatrization. They occur mostly on the face, 
but may occur on mucous surfaces as well as on the skin 
of the extremities, or even (rarely)of the trunk. Anatomi- 
cally there is tubercular tissue containing tubercle-bacfllL 
(b) Lupus erythematosus, a chronic dermatitis, 
beginning in one or more papules which grow so 
as to co ^er a large patch. The color is pinkish to vio- 
laceous, and the surface is scaly. It does not ulcerate, but 
heals with central cicatrization and atrophy. It occurs 
most frequently on the face, but also elsewhere. It is 
more frequent in women than in men. Lupus metal- 
lorum, the alchemical name of stibnite, or snlphid of an- 
timony. 
lupus 2 (lu'pus), n. [Var. of *glupus, < Russ. glu- 
puishu, a petrel.] The Pacific fulmar petrel, 
Fulmarm glacialis rodgersi. H. W. Elliott. 
lura (lu'ra), n.; pi. lurce (-re). [NL., < L. lura, 
the mouth of a bag or bottle.] In anat., the 
contracted foramen of the infundibulum of the 
brain. [Recent.] 
The removal of the hypophysis leaves the orifice which 
I have called lura. 
Wilde. , N. Y. Med. Jour., March 21, 1885, p 328. 
lural (lu'ral), a. [< lura + -al.~\ Pertaining to 
the lura. 
The Constellation Lupus. 
