Lutetia 
now Paris.] 1. Tho twi'ii! v-first )>l:uicti<l, ills- 
covered by Goldschmidt at I'aris in lis.VJ. 2. 
In zoiil. t a genus of molluskg. lii-slitujiN. 
Lutetian (lu-NVshan), u. [< L. LtiMfa (also 
called Lull-tin rui'iHiiiniiH, I'aris) + -inn.\ KV- 
latiug or pertaining to iiiiririit. Lutcthi in (taut. 
or poetically to Paris in I'mm-r, its modern 
representative ; Parisian. 
luth (luth), it. A name of the soft turtle, ])<>- 
matochclys (Sj>li(iri/in) mriami. See cut under 
leatlti-rlxirl;. 
luthert, . A Middle English form of lithcr 1 . 
Lutheran (lu'ther-an), a. and n. [= Sp. It. Lu- 
terano = Pg. Littlirrinm (cf. F. Liilln-rii;i, (jr. Lu- 
theranisch.eta.), < NL. l.iitln-rnnus, of LutlnT. < 
Lutherus, G. Lutltcr, Lut her.] I. a. Of orpertain- 
iugto Martin Luther, thereformer(1483-1546), 
or to the Evangelical Protestant Church of Ger- 
many which bears his name, or to the doctrines 
taught by Luther or held by the Evangelical 
Lutheran Church. Lutheran Bible. See Bible, i. 
Lutheran Church, the Protestant church of (iermany, es- 
tablished by Martin Luther and other reformers in the six- 
teenth century. It was named the Eoanytlical Church by 
Luther, to designate it as the ancient Christian church re- 
formed and reorganized according to the Gospel. Protes- 
tants were at first called Lutherans in reproach by the 
opponents of the Reformation, and the name was general- 
ly accepted, notwithstanding the protestations of Luther 
against it. The church is historically known as the l-.'nm- 
gelical Lutheran Church, in distinction from the Roman 
Catholic Church and from the Reformed or Calvlnistlc 
Church and other Protestant churches. The dogmatic sym- 
bols of the Lutheran Church are nine in number. Three 
of them are those of the early Christian church, namely 
the Apostle's Creed, the Nieene Creed, and the Athanasian 
Creed. The six others are the products of the Reforma- 
tion. These are the Augsburg Confession (1530), the Apol- 
ogy of the Augsburg Confession (1530), theSchmalkaldAr- 
ticles (1537), the two Catechisms of Luther (1529), and the 
Formula of Concord (1677). These Confessions, together 
with the ecumenical creeds above mentioned, form the 
Book of Concord of 1580, and constitute the symbolical 
books of the Lutheran Church. The Augsburg Confession, 
however, is the only symbol which has been universally 
adopted by all branches of the Lutheran Church, some of 
which accept no other as binding. The creed of the church 
includes the doctrines of justification by faith alone, uni- 
versal depravity, the vicarious atonement, regeneration, 
progressive sanctiflcation, a true sacramental but not a 
material presence of Christ in the Lord's Supper, and the 
use of both the Bible and the sacraments as means of 
grace. In its manner of worship the Lutheran church is 
liturgical, but it recognizes no organized hierarchy, with 
different ranks of ministry, jure dirino. In the established 
churches of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, which are Lu- 
theran in doctrine, there are bishops or superintendents 
(see episcopacy), and in Sweden there is an archbishop; 
but their authority is derived from the bodies which ap- 
point them, and their powers are very limited. Where 
Lutheranism is the established religion the sovereign is 
recognized as the head of the church, which is governed by 
consistories appointed by the government and composed of 
both clergymen and laymen. Throughout inostof Germany 
(in Prussia and in many other countries) the Protestant 
state establishment is the United Evangelical Church, a 
union of former Lutheran and Reformed (Calvinist) church- 
es, and dissenting Lutherans are commonly called Old Lu- 
therans. In the United States the Lutheran Church at pres- 
ent consists of four general independent organizations. 
Each of these is governed by a general representative 
body, named respectively the General Synod, the General 
Council, the United Synod of the South, and the Synodic*! 
Conference (Missouri Lutherans). These general bodies 
consist of both clerical and lay delegates, elected by the 
district synods of which they are composed. There are 
also fourteen independent- Lutheran synods in the United 
States. 
II. n. A disciple or follower of Luther; one 
who adheres to the doctrines of Luther; a mem- 
ber of the Lutheran Church. 
I know her [Anne Bullenl for 
A spleeny Lutlteran. Shak., Hen. VIII., ill. 2. 99. 
Lutheranism (lu'ther-an-izm), n. [== F. Lu- 
theranisme = Sp. It. Littcraiiismo = Pg. Lutlie- 
ranismo, < NL. Lutheranismus, < Lntheranus, 
Lutheran: see Lutheran and -ism.'] The prin- 
ciples of the Reformation as represented by 
Luther ; the doctrines and ecclesiastical system 
of the Lutheran Church. 
Lutherism (lu'ther-izm), n. [< Luther (see Lu- 
theran) + -ism.] 1. That which is character- 
istic of or peculiar to Luther; also, an imita- 
tion of Luther. 2. Lutheranism. 
Lutherist (lii'ther-ist), . [< Luther (see Lu- 
tlii-riin) + -i.ft.] A student of Luther; one 
versed in or devoted to the study of Luther's 
life and works. 
The first of living Lutheritsts. The American, VII. 121. 
lutherlyt, . and mlr. A Middle English form 
of litlierl// 1 . 
luting (lu'ting), n. [Verbal n. of lute*, t.] 
Same as ////<-. 
lutist (lu'tist), B. [< Intel + .fcrf.] A lute- 
player. 
lutose (lu'tos), a. [= It. lutoso, < L. JittoxHx. 
muddy, < Intitm, mud: see lute-, n.] Miry: 
covered with clay; specifically, in entnm., co'v- 
OtterVsheH (Lutraria oblonga), 
right valve. 
.19 
crcd with a powdery substance resembling 
mud, which Busily rubs off. 
Lutra (lu'trii), . [XL., < L. lutrn, lytra, an 
otter, perhaps < (were, wash : see hi/* 2 .] 1. The 
leading genus of Lutrinte, formerly including 
the sea-otters as well as the land-otters, no w con- 
lined to land-otters in which the claws are well 
formed and the tail is terete. Compare 1'tcro- 
ii n rn. The dental formula Is: 8 incisors and 1 canine 
above and below on each side, 4 premolars In each upper 
and 3 in each lower half-jaw, and 1 molar above and 2 
below on each side In all, 36 teeth, of which the upper 
molar in largo and quadrate. The skull is nut, and greatly 
nintracted between the orbiU, with a short blunt ros- 
trum and turgid occipital portion, the palate produced 
fur back of the molars, the ante-orbital foramen large, and 
the pterygoids hamulate. The body is elongate, cylin- 
dric, with long, stout, terete, tapering tail, short limbs, 
broad webbed feet, obtuse muzzle, and very small ears ; 
the pelage is whole-colored. The common European 
otter is L. rul'iarix; that of North America, L. canadensu; 
that of South America, L. braxilUiusi* ; and there arc 
others. See oUer. 
2. [/. c.] In her. See loutre. 
Lutraria (lu-tra'ri-tt), n. [NL., so called with 
some reference to otters, < L. hitra, an otter: 
see Lutra.] A 
genus of siphon- 
ate bivalve mol- 
lusks of the fam- 
ily Mactrida;; the 
otter's - shells. 
The oblong gaping 
shell resembles that 
of a common cob or 
clam (Minn, but is 
more porcellaneous, and has a prominent spoon-shaped 
cartilage plate on each valve, in front of whicn are one or 
two teeth. 
Lutremyina Uu'tre-ini-i'na), n.pl. [NL.,< Lu- 
tremys + -ia 2 .] A subfamily of Cistudinidte, 
typified by the genus Lutremys, having a well- 
defined zygomatic arch over the temporal mus- 
cle. It includes a number of Old World species, 
of 5 genera. J. E. Gray. 
Lutremys (lu'tre-mis),n. [NL.,<L./ufra, otter, 
+ Gr. eu'vf, a tortoise.] A genus of box-tor- 
toises, by many called Emys, giving name to 
the Lutremyina. 
LutridsB (lu'tri-de), . pi. [NL., < Lutra + 
-idtE.] Same as Lutrinw (a). 
Lutrinas (lu-tri'ne), w. pi. [NL.. < Lutra + 
-inte.] Asubfamily of Mustelidce; the otters, (a) 
The sea-otters as well as the land-otters, both having 36 
teeth, and the same number of teeth in both jaws, though 
the formulas are different. (6) Land-otters, as distin- 
guished from Kiihinlriiiii' or sea-otters, having the dental 
formula as in Lutra, the teeth of ordinary or normal car- 
nivorous type, and the hind feet not peculiarly modified. 
There are several genera, of most parts of the world, as 
Lutra, Leptonyx or Karaivjia, Aonyx, Hydrogale, and Pte- 
rmuira. See Enhydrinat. 
lutrlne (lu'triu), a. [< L. lutra, otter, + -we 1 .] 
Otter-like; of or pertaining to the Lutrina;. 
lutulentt (lu'tu-lent), a. [= It. lutulento, < L. 
lutulentus, muddy, < lutum, mud : see lute z , n.] 
Muddy; turbid; thick. 
These then are the waters, . . . the lutulent, spumy, 
maculatory waters of sin. 
Jiec. T. Adams, Works, I. 106. (Danes.) 
Luvaridae (lu-var'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Luvarus 
-I- -<te.] A family of acanthopterygian fishes, 
typified by the genus Luvarus. It embraces scorn- 
broids with a compressed-oblong body covered with mi- 
nute scales, small mouth, thoracic vent, a single dorsal 
and anal fin, and ve&trals reduced and closing over the 
anus. Only one genus and species is known. Dianida 
is a synonym. 
Luvarus (lu-va'rus), . [NL.] The only genus 
of Luvaridte. Only a single rare species is known, L. im- 
perialis, of the Mediterranean and adjoining parts of the 
luxuriant 
oblique,< Gr. /ofof, oblique, slanting: see loxia.] 
Toputout of joint ; luxate. /';</-, Odyssey, .\i. 
lui- (luks), H. [< F. luxe = 8p. lajit = Pg. luio 
= It. luxsti, < L. lujcun, extravagance, excess, 
splendor, pomp, magnificence, luxury.] If. 
Luxury. 
'Hi. i',,v.'r ..i \\ ciilth I try'd, 
And all the various Luxe of costly Pride-. 
Prior, Solomon, 11. 
2. Richness; superfine quality ; elegance: said 
of material objects. Also luxe, as mere French. 
The lux and magnificence of the two. 
Hovxll, Letters (1660). 
Paper and type are the very acme of refinement and luxe, 
;uul the work is embellished by five full 
of considerable beauty. Wcrtminster '. 
;e illustrations 
o., CXXV. 691. 
^ 
I.ttvarui imptrialis t immature form). 
Atlantic, attaining a length of 3 feet or more, and remark- 
able for the atrophy to which the dorsal and anal fins are 
subjected by age. 
luwack (lu' wak), w. [Native name : said to be 
Javanese.] The common paradoxure or palm- 
cat, PoroaoawMt t>/pus. 
luxH (,l"ks). r. t. [< F. liurer = Sp. lujar = Pg. 
/.n/r= It. lunft/tri; < L. liij-nri. put out of joint, 
dislocate, lusti.-.-, out of joint, dislocated, lit. 
lux 3 (luks). w. [L., light: tseeliglifl.'] Light: a 
Latin word occurring in some phrases used more 
or less in English corona lucis. see corona. 
luxate (luk'sat), v. t. ; pret. and pp. luxated, ppr. 
luxating. [ < L. luxatug, pp. of liucare, dislocate : 
see JMJ!.] To displace or remove from its proper 
place, as a joint ; put out of joint; dislocate. 
luxation (luk-sa'shon), n. [= F. luxation = 
Sp. lujacion = Pg. luxaqao = It. lusnaztone, < 
LL. luxatio(n-), a dislocation, < L. luxare, pp. 
luxatug, dislocate: see lux 1 and luxate.] 1. The 
act of luxating (a bone), or forcing it from its 
proper place or articulation. 
There needs some little luxation to strain this latter 
reading to a good sense. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1S35), II. 326. 
2. The state of being luxated; a dislocation, 
as of a joint. 
When therefore two bones, which being naturally united 
make up a joint, are separated from each other, we call it 
a luxation. Wiseman, Surgery, vii. 2. 
luxe (F. pron. luks), n. [F. : see lux?.] Same 
as lux%, 2. Edition de luxe. See edition. 
Luxemburgia (luk-Bem-ber'ji-a), . [NL. (A. 
St. Hilaire, 1818), named after the Duke of Lux- 
emburg, under whose patronage St. Hilaire be- 
gan his botanical researches in Brazil.] A 
genus of dicotyledonous polypetalous plants of 
the natural order Ochnacete and tribe Luxem- 
burgiece. There are 7 species, found only in Brazil, char- 
acterized by having flve equal, spreading sepals, naked 
within, eight stamens, and no staminodia. They are hand- 
some trees or shrubs, with alternate, sharply serrate leaves, 
and terminal racemes of showy yellow flowers. They are 
apparently scarce in collections. 
Luxemburgieae (luk'sem-ber-ji'e-e),7i. nl. [NL. 
(Bentham and Hooker, 1862), < Lnxemburgia + 
-ete.] A tribe of dicotyledonous polypetalous 
plants of the natural order Ochnaceie, charac- 
terized bv an eccentric ovary, which is from 
2- to 5-celled, or 1-celled with incomplete pla- 
centas, and an indefinite number of ovules. The 
capsule is many-seeded, and the seeds are albuminous. 
The tribe includes 6 genera, all South American, of which 
Luxemburtria is the type. 
luxullianite ftuk-sul'i-gn-It), n. [< Luxullian 
(see def.) + -ite%.] A rock consisting of a fine- 
grained mixture of schorl, feldspar, and quartz, 
through which are distributed large crystals of 
red orthoclase, found at Luxulliau or Luxulian 
in Cornwall, England. From this rock was made 
the sarcophagus of the Duke of Wellington, in 
St. Paul's Cathedral, London. 
luxurt, . [Irreg. < luxury.] A lecher. [Rare.] 
The torment to a luxur due. 
Middleton, father Hubbard's Tales. 
luxnret, [ME., < OF. luxure, < L. Inxuria, 
luxury: see luxury.] Luxury. 
He the forfete of luxure 
Shall tempre. (Tower, Conf. Amant., vii. 
luxuriance (lug-zu'ri-ans), . [< F. luxuriance; 
as luxurian(t) + -ce.] The state of being luxu- 
riant ; abundant or excessive growth or quan- 
tity; strong, vigorous growth ; exuberance. 
The whole leafy forest stands display'd 
In full luxuriance to the sighing gales. 
Thornton, Spring, 1. 93. 
= Syn. Profusion, superabundance. See luxurious. 
luxuriancy (lug-zu'ri-an-si), w. [As luxuri- 
ance : see -fy.] Same as luxuriance. 
luxuriant (lug-zu'ri-ant), a. [= F. luxuriant 
= Sp. lujuriante = Pg. luxuriante = It. lussuri- 
iinti-, < L. Iniurian(t-)s, ppr. of luxunare, be 
rank or luxuriant : see luxuriate.] 1. Exuber- 
ant in growth; abundant: as, luxuriant foliage. 
See vines luxuriant verdur'd leaves display, 
Supporting tendrils curling all the way. 
1'arnfll, Gift of Poetry. 
2. Exuberant in quantity ; superfluous in abun- 
dance. 
Prune the luxuriant, the uncouth refine, 
But show no mercy to an empty line. 
Pope, Imit. of Horace. II. ii. 174. 
