rnacrauchene 
macrauchene onak-rii'ken), . [< .!/</< /// 
rheum.] A memlier i>f the Miirriiiii'lii'iiniliv. 
Macrauchenia (m;ik-n'i -ke'ni-ii), n. [NL.,< 
(il 1 . //</*. w i/,r, long-necked, < iiai,/iiir, long, + 
ni'X'/v, neck.] A gen us of fossil perissodaetyls 
founded )>y Owen in ls:jSnpon remains of camel- 
like <|iiadriipcd.s t'ouiul in the Tertiary of South 
America. TWO pi -i' art 1 named .'/. /inlin-liii- 
nifii anil .)/. hn/irirnxiK. OpittkorMnHU is Sy- 
nonymous. 
Macraucheniidae (mak-ra-ko-m'i-de), ./>/. 
[NU, < Miicrniu'liciiiit + -idii:] A family of 
perissodactyl I'mjiiliitii, established upon the 
genus .M/ii-i'iiiif/ii-iiiii. These great ungulates were 
lonsMi<-i-kfil.likecaniels(whence the name), but were mou- 
nt-inly ivliiti-il to the rhinoceros. The cervical vertebra) 
resemble those of c:mirl.s in the disposition of the verte- 
l>rarterial foramina, but their centra are Hat, not opistho- 
c<L-lon.s. The fibula articulates with the calcaneiini, anil 
each foot is 3-toed. The dental formula is: 3 incisors, 1 
canine, 4 premolars, and 3 molars in each upper anil lower 
half-jaw in all, 44 teeth, in almost continuous series, the 
canines being small. Two or three upper molars have each 
a shallow valley extending inward from the anterior part 
of the inner wall, and all the lower premolars and molars 
have two crescentic ridges, anterior and posterior. The 
nearest relatives of the Macraucheniidee are the Pal(eoth- 
riidce and Khiiwcerotidce. 
macraucheniiform (mak-ra-ke'ni-i-f6rm), a. 
[< NL. Mii/-niiii -In iiia + ii. forma, form.] Hav- 
ing the form or characters of a macraucheue. 
macrencephalic (mak"ren-se-fal'ik or -sef'a- 
lik), . | As niiii'i-i'in-i'iiliiil-iiKx + -ic.] Same 
as iiun-rciii-i /iliiilinis. 
macrencephalous (mak-ren-sef'a-lus), . [< 
Gr. fianp6f, long, + eyKe<t>a%o, tno brain : see 
i IH-I ii/uilif.] Having a long or large brain. 
macriot, . [A corrupt form of F. maquereau : 
see mackerel-.] Same as mackereft. 
Pander, wittol, macrio, basest of knaves. 
Middleton, Anything for a Quiet Life, r. 1. 
Macrobasis (mak-rob'a-sis), w. [< Or. 
long (see macron), 
+ pdaif, a base.] A 
genus of blister-bee- 
tles of the family Me- 
Iniitai. There are 14 spe- 
cies in North America, 
several of which are de- 
structive to garden-vege- 
tables. M. ciiierea, the 
ash-gray blister-beetle, is 
a common garden-pest, 
particularly injurious to 
iMjtatoes and beets. Its 
larvic prey upon the eggs 
of the Kocky Mountain 
locust. See cut under 
blister-beetle. 
macrobiosis (mak*- 
ro-bi-6'sis), . [NL., 
< Or. ttaK/miiiuatf, long life, < /MK/>6t3iof, having a 
long life: seemacrobiote.] Long life; longevity. 
macrobiote (mak-ro'bi-ot), it. [< 6r. nanpoftio- 
rof, also naxpAfttof, having a long life, < /iaicpof, 
long, + pioc, life.] One who lives long; a long- 
lived person or animal. 
The Thessalian mountaineers were the macrobiotes, the 
long-livers par excellence, of the Roman Empire. 
f. L. Oswald, Pop. Sci. Mo., XXI. 590. 
macrobiotic (mak'ro-bi-ot'ik), a. [< macro- 
biote + -ic.} Long-lived; having a strong hold 
on life : specifically applied to the Macrobiotidai. 
macrobiotics (mak*ro-bi-ot'iks), . [PI. of 
macrobiotic : see -fcst.J Knowledge relating to 
long life ; the study of longevity. 
Old age. such as (that of lacerates], was a very rare thing 
in CJreece a fact which is evident from the Greek work 
surviving on the subject of macrobiotic*. 
De i.i ni, if,- ii. Style, note 9. 
MacrobiotidaeOuak'ro-bi-ot'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< lfaorobiotus-r -Ida:] A family of Arctisca, 
typified by the genus MoeroMofW. They are 
minute vermiform arachuidans without respiratory or- 
gans, forming one group of a number of animalcules 
known as itloth- or bear-animalcule* or iriiti'i-.lii'itrn, from 
their sluggish movements. The form is usually a long 
oval, and there are four pairs of short clawed legs. These 
:uiini;ils are found in moss or fresh water, and resemble 
rotifers in their power of reviving after desiccation, whence 
their n:nu< . 
Macrobiotus (mak-ro-bi'o-tus), n. [NL., < Gr. 
/lanpOflivToi; having a long life: see macrobiote.] 
The typical genus of Macrobiotida:. M. shall :ci 
is an example. See cut under Arctisca. 
Macrocamerae (mak-ro-kam'e-re), n. pi. [NL. : 
see iinii'i'iK-iiiiii'i-iiti.] 1. A sniilribe of choristi- 
dan sponges having large chambers: distin- 
guished from Mirmi-iniiirrr. l.i'ntlt-iifi'ld. 2. 
A tribe of ceratose sponges with large sacci- 
form ciliated chambers and soft transparent 
ground-substance. l.i mli'iij'i /il. 
macrocamerate (mak-ro-kam'e-rat), . [< Gr. 
itiiKfiuf. long. + iMiiapa, a vaulted chamber: see 
fiimcra.] Having large chambers, as a sponge ; 
Black-rat Blister-beetle {Hacraba- 
si's ,'iiirtn,,]. a, male beetle (line 
shows natural size) ; t>, enlarged 
antenna of same. 
3563 
specifically, of or pertaining to either of the 
groups Mai-roi-nmerte. 
macrocarpous (mak-ro-kiir'puH), n. [< Gr. fia- 
. long, -r Mifi-or, fruit. J Having large fruit. 
Macrocentri (mak-ro-sen'tri), w. pi. [NL., pi. 
of Mucruei-ntrun, q. v.] One of two prime we 
(ions of the parasitic hymenopterous family 
( 'litilriiliilir. It Includes IS subfamilies and the largest 
species in the family, having 5- jointed tarsi, usually many- 
jointed antcnnie, and anterior tibia; armed with a large 
curved spur. 
MacrocentrUS(niak-ro-sen'tins), . [NL.(Cur- 
tis, 1833), < Gr. //o/c^o/cf iryjof, having along stiii^'. 
< fianptif, long, + Htur/Mi*, a goad, sting: see cen- 
ter 1 .'} A genus of ichneumon-flies, typical of 
the subfamily Alaerocentrina; having the abdo- 
men inserted above the hind coxtc. North Amer- 
ica and Europe have each about 6 species. M. delicatus is 
a common parasite of the coddling-moth in the United 
States. 
macrocephalic (mak''ro-se-farik or -sef's-.-lik), 
a. ^A^wiiri'"ri/ilia/-ouK + -ic.] 1 . Of or pertain- 
ing to a large head; associated with excessive 
size of the head: as, macrocephalic idiocy. 
2. In aitc. pros., having one syllable too many 
at the beginning: an epithet of dactylic hex- 
ameters the first foot of which apparently has 
a syllable in excess. Also procephalic. See 
dolichurii: 
macrocephalous (mak-ro-sef'a-lus), a. [< Gr. 
/lanpoKtipa'/Mf, long-headed, < /latpfa;, long, + (ct^a- 
/l#, head.] 1. In zool., having a long or large 
head. 2. In bot., having the cotyledons of a 
dicotyledonous embryo consolidated, and form- 
ing a large mass compared with the rest of the 
body. 
Macrochelys (mak-rok'e-lis), n. [NL., < Gr. 
/Mxp6f, long, + xM-vf, a tortoise : see chelys.] A 
genus of snapping-turtles of the family I'hely- 
dridce. M. lacertina is a largo alligator-turtle 
inhabiting the southern United States. 
macrpchemical (mak-ro-kem'i-kal), a. [< Gr. 
iump6f, long, large, + fi. chemical.] Of or per- 
taining to chemical tests which may be applied, 
or reactions which may be observed, with the 
naked eye: distinguished from microcliemical. 
Macrochira (mak-ro-ki'ra), n. [NL., < Gr. //a- 
upoxfip, long-handed (long-armed),< /janpof , long, 
4- x e 'P, the hand.] 1. A genus of large mai- 
oid crabs, having enormously long legs and a 
comparatively small body. The giant spider-crab 
of Japanese waters, a species of this genus, has legs which 
span 18 feet or more, though the body is only a foot broad 
and 18 inches long. 
2. A genus of dipterous insects. 
macrochiran (mak-ro-ki'ran), a. and n. [As 
macrochire + -an.] I. a. Long-handed; having 
a long manus or pinion of the wing, as a swift 
or a humming-bird; specifically, of or pertain- 
ingto the Macrochires. 
II. n. Any member of the Macrochires; a 
macrochire. 
macrochire (mak'ro-kir), w. A bird of the 
group Macrochires. 
Macrochires (mak-ro-ki'rex), n.pl. [NL., < Gr. 
/laxpdxeip, long-handed (long-armed): see Ma- 
crochira.] A group of birds, so named from 
the length of the terminal as compared with 
the proximal portion of the wing. As originally 
used by Kitzsch, 1829, It Included the humming-birds and 
swifts (TrochUi and Cwwefi), to which are now usually add- 
ed the goatsuckers (Caprimulffi): nearly synonymous with 
macrodactyl 
macrochlropter (mak*ro-kl-rop'ter), . .Same 
as mticrochiroiitcraii. 
Macrochiroptera (mak'ro-ki-rop'te-ra), n. pi. 
[NL., < Gr. /w/c/jof, long, large, + NL. t'hirop- 
tera.] A suborder of Chiroptera, comprising 
the largest species of the order, it consists of the 
fruit-bats, or F^uyioora, as distinguished from the Micro- 
Mroptera, or ordinary bats. Usually Meijachiraptera. 
macrochiropteran (mak^ro-ki-rop'te-ran), . 
and . I. a. Of or pertaining to the Miicroclii- 
rn/itera. 
II. n. One of the Macrorhiroptera : afrugiv- 
orous bat, or fruit-bat. Also macrocliiropter. 
macrochoanite (mak-ro-ko'a-nit), n. and n. [< 
NL. Xturookoanitat.] 1. . Saving long septa! 
funnels, as a cephalopod; of or pertaining to 
the ifooroefcoMMW. 
II. . One of the Macrochnanites. 
Macrochoanites (mak-ro-ko-a-ni'tez), n. pi. 
[NL., < Gr. ftaKp6<:. long, -V ^oavv, a funnel: see 
I'liuaiiite.] A group of cephalopods, containing 
those nautilnids and ammonoids whose septal 
funnels are long, llyatt, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. 
Hist.; 1883, p. 200. 
Macrocnemum(mak-rok-ue'muin). H. [XL.(P. 
Browne. 1756), so called in allusion to the long 
flower-stalk; <Gr./ia(ipof,loug, + nvi/fi>/, a leg: see 
A genus of dicotyledonous gamopeta- 
ous pants of the natural order Itiilnm-iiK, the 
madder family, tri lie I'iiirliinirii; and subtribe 
KufiiiflHiiinr. "it UcharacteriziKl by the placentas being 
adnate to the middle partition, acapsule usually gepticidal, 
corolla-lohes with pubescent margins and a style which Is 
two-cleft at the ape*. There are about species, vuntlned 
to tropical America and the West Indies. They are trees or 
shrubs with opposite petiolate leaves, deciduous stipule* 
between the petioles, and white or rose-colored flowers In 
terminal or axillary panicles. Several species are culti- 
vated for ornament, among them M. Jamaiceiae, with 
white flowers, called in Jamaica tehiutlmrn. 
macrococcus (mak-ro-kok'us), .; pi. macro- 
cocci (-si). [NL., < Gfr. /itiKodf, long or large, + 
*oKKOf, a berry: see coccux.] A somewhat gen- 
eral term applied to certain bacteria, having 
reference to the dimensions of the isolated in- 
dividual cells. 
Cocci : isolated cells which are isodfainetric, or at least 
very slightly elongated in one direction. These are dis- 
tinguished when necessary, according to their dimensions, 
into niicrococcf, macrocvcci, and monad-forms. 
lie Bary, Fungi (trans.), p. 468. 
macroconidium (mak'ro-ko-nid'i-um), .; pi. 
macroconiaia (-a). [NL.,'<Gr./u<por, long, large, 
+ NL.coMiWi'ui,q.v.] A conidium of large size. 
See conidium. 
macrocosm (mak'ro-kozm), n. [< Gr. /wwc/xif, 
long, large, great, + xoo/iof, world: see cosmos 1 . 
Ct. microcosm.] 1. The great world ; the uni- 
verse, or the visible svstem of worlds: opposed 
to microcosm, or the little world constituted by 
man. The conception dates back to Democn- 
tus (born 460 B. c.). See microcosm. 
The first section shews the use that the Christian vir- 
tuoso may make of the contemplation of the macrocosm. 
and especially of the later discoveries made hi the celestial 
part of it. Boyle, Christian Virtuoso, II. 
2. The entire mass of anything of which man 
forms a part ; the whole of any division of na- 
ture or of knowledge. 
The macrocosm of society can be inferred from the mi- 
crocosm of individual human nature. 
y. A. Jtea., CXX. 258. 
According to Raymond, man is the microcosm from 
which the whole macrocosm of theology Is evolved. 
.'. (iif: a. Evenings with Skeptics, II. 445. 
macrocosmic (mak-ro-koz'mik), a. [< macro- 
cosm + -ic.] Of or pertaining to the macro- 
cosm ; of the nature of a macrocosm ; compre- 
hensive; immense. 
The world with which alone consciousness has to do is 
the world as it has been organised and registered in the 
brain by experience, and the journeys which it makes are 
no more than the microcosmic representatives of inacro- 
cosmic distances. Maudsley, Mind, XII. 608. 
macrocyst (mak'ro-sist), n. [< Gr. /ia/tpoc, long 
or large, + E. cyst.] A cyst of large size : ap- 
plied particularly to the cyst or spore-case of 
certain algso, notably 1'yronema. 
Macrocysteae (mak-ro-sis'te-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(Kuetzmg, 1849), < Macrocystis + -ete.] A di- 
vision of marine algao belonging to the Lamina- 
riacea;, named from the genus Macrocystis, and 
containing also the genera Lessonia, A'ereocystis, 
and Pinnaria. 
Macrocystis (mak-ro-sis'tis), n. [NL. (Agardh, 
1824), < Gr./uaKpof, long, + KVOTIC, a bladder, bag: 
see cyst.] A monotypic genus of gigantic sea- 
weeds belonging to the Laminariaccce. When fully 
grown the frond consists of a much-branched root, from 
which arise many filiform simple or branched stems, naked 
below but furnished above with numerous unilateral lan- 
ceolate petiolate leaves, having iliin petioles enlarged 
into pear-shaped or oblong air-cells. The lateral lMM 
have their edges directed toward the stem, and are so far 
vertically disposed ; and the stem itself 
when unbroken always terminates in 
an obliijue leaf broader than the rest 
and having one or more slits in its base. 
This terminal leaf Is the growing-apex, 
and from the development of the slits 
In the base new lateral leaves are grad- 
ually separated. The spores form dense, cloud-like, ir- 
regular patches on small radical leaves. M. pyri/ero, the 
only species, girds the southern temperate zone in its dis- 
tribution. The stems, which are the longest known in the 
iMe kingdom, vary from 5 feet to several hundred 
feet in length, and Hooker observed them near the Crozet 
Islands fully 700 feet long. Hamy. 
macrodactyl, macrodactyle (mak-ro-dak'til), 
a. and w. [<f NL. marrmlurlyluit, < Gr. fianpoid- 
(i7i?of, long-fingered (long-toed), < /HMpof, long, 
+ oanTi'/.oc. finger, toe.] I. n. Having long toes ; 
specifically, of or pertaining to the .Wmr</-- 
tyti. Also macroilitcliili,; iii/i<-n,<ltu-tylous. 
II. n. One of the Ulacrodactyli. 
