madid 
His large deep-blue eye, iiimlid and yet piercing, show- 
ed that thr srnvtions -if hi* lirain weir apportioned half 
hi vnlllptllullsnrs.s, Ilillf lo common sense. 
Disraeli, Conlngxhy. i. i 
Madieae<> .././/. |\L.(A. P. deCan- 
dolle, L886), < Mama + -r.] A sulitribe of 
i ...... posile plants, typilied I iy the KCIIIIS Mm/in, 
comprised in \\ii-tr\\ti- Ili'liiiiillniiili'ir. It Is char- 
acterized liy radiate or snbradiate heads, the ray-flowers 
being fertile, and the dtak-fioMfl perfect (hut some or all 
of tin-Mi a iv -.OHM-! hues stc-rilr); the bracts of the involucre 
in one sej irs. partly or wholly inclosing the aeheniu of the 
ray-llo\v<Ts : the chatt nf the reerptaelr in one or two rows, 
free or united, generally in me bet ween the central flowers; 
and the aehenia of the rays without pappus. The sub- 
tribe enihraees 8 genera and ahout.'io speries, the majority 
growing in the western part of North America. 
madisterium (mad-is-te'ri-um), .; pi. tnadi- 
x/i-rin ( ii ). [< Or. iiaiiari/ptov, tweezers for pull- 
ing out hair, < fiatii&tv, pull out the hair. Cf. 
/nuKv, fall away, as the hair: see madarosis."] 
A surgical instrument for extracting hairs; a 
pair of tweezers. 
madling 1 . (mad'ling), n. [< mud 1 + -lingl.] A 
mad person. [Obsolete or prov. Eng.] 
Gooid-for-naught inadlintf.' . . . flinging t' precious gifts 
c .' God under fooit. /;. Bronte, Wutberlng Heights, xlii. 
madling'-'t, a. An obsolete form of maddttiuj. 
madly (mad'li), iitlv. In a mad manner, (a) 
Without reason or understanding. (6) Frantically ; furi- 
ously. (c) With extreme folly, or infatuated zeal or pas- 
sion. 
madman (mad'man), H.; pi. madmen (-men). A 
man who is insane ; a distracted man ; a luna- 
tic ; a crazy person. 
madnep (miu'nep), . [Appar. < mad 1 + !.] 
A tall umbelliferous plant, Heracleum Sphon- 
<li/linm, of Europe and subarctic regions. 
madness (mad'nes), w. 1. The state of being 
mad or distracted ; insanity; lunacy. 
For as to him who Cotis did upbraid, 
And eall'd his rigour madness, raging fits : 
Content thee, thou unskilful man, he said ; 
My madness keeps my subjects in their wits. 
Daniel, Civil Wars, vii. 
And moody madness laughing wild 
Amid severest woe. 
(tray, Prospect of Eton College. 
2. Headstrong passion or rashness; ungovern- 
able fury or rage ; extreme folly. 
To lose myself upon no ground were madness, 
Not loyal duty. 
Fletcher (and another), False One, 1. 2. 
Party is the marfmyw of many for the gain of a few. 
Pope, Thoughts on Various Subjects. 
Canine madness. See canine. Midsummer mad- 
ness. See midsummer. =8yn. 1. Frenzy, Mania, etc. See 
insanity. 
madonna (ma-don'a), . [It., = F. mailame, 
my lady: see iiiniliini, iimdame,] 1. My lady; 
madam : an Italian title of address or of cour- 
tesy, equivalent to miiil<iin. 
Clmrn. Good madonna, why monrnest thou ? 
Olivia. Good fool, for my brother's death. 
Shalt., T. N., 1. 5. 72. 
Specifically 2. [cop.] The Virgin Mary ("Our 
Lady"); hence, a picture representing the Vir- 
gin. 3. A kind of luster made in part of alpaca- 
wool Madonna medal,a small medal of silver, brass, 
or other metal, hunt; by a pilgrim about the neck of a statue 
of the Virgin and then preserved, serving as a sort of pil- 
grim's sign. 
Madonna-wise (ma -don ' a- wiz), adv. In the 
manner or fashion of the Madonna: applied to 
the arrangement of a woman's hair, in imitation 
of accepted representations of the Madonna, by 
parting it in the middle, and bringing it close 
and low over the temples. 
Fx>cks not wide-dispreml, 
Madonna-wise on either side her head. 
Tennyson, Isabel. 
madoqua (mad'o-kwS), . [Abyssinian.] A 
very tiny nut dope of Abyssinia, Neotragus sal- 
tiuiiiix or .V. ttnl<H/iiti, the smallest of horned 
animals, about as large as a hare, and with very 
slender legs. Also called hegoleh. 
madpash (mad ' pash). w. and a. [< mad 1 + 
.] I. . A mad fellow. Wright. [North. 
g.] 
II. (i. Wild; cracked. Daricx. 
Let ii- lr;ivr This madpash bedlam, this hair-brained 
fop and ttivc- him leave to rave and dose his liellyfull, 
with his private and intimately acquainted devils. 
Urquhart, tr. of Rabelais, iii. 25. 
madras (ma-dries'), . [=F. madras; so called 
from Miirlrnn in India.] A large handkerchief 
of silk and cotton, usually in bright colors, 
used by the negroes in the West India islands 
and elsewhere I'm- turbans. <tr. Madras ging- 
ham, a gingham imitating the eolors and design of a 
madras. Madras lace, a kind nf mrtain-nintcrial, some- 
times printed in colors. Madras work, simple em- 
broidery done iiiwn bright -colored madras handkerchiefs, 
pronffra. 
!> 
Eu 
3569 
the embroidery emphasizing the pattern of the stuff. 
These embroideries are used for furniture-coverings, ban- 
ner-screens, etc. 
madrasah (ma'-dras'ii), n. [Hind. niiiiifii.-.n, 
iiiiiiliir.iii, a school, college.] In India, a school 
or college for the education of youth. Also, 
corruptly, nuidrr>-xali, nimlrimiiili, mudriitiHi, uu - 
dressen. 
The enlightened mind of Warren Hastings did Indeed 
anticipate his age by founding the Calcutta madrata for 
Mahometan teaching. Sncyc. Brit., XII. 774. 
Madras hemp, w. See Bengal hemp, under hemp. 
madregal (mad're-gnl), H. [Origin not ascer- 
tained.] A caran'goid fish of the genus Seriola. 
madreperl (mad're-perl), . [< U.madreperla, 
< madre, mother, + perla, pearl.] Mother-of- 
pearl. Liiiii/fclloic. 
Madrepora (ma-drep'o-ra), n. [NL., < mad- 
rapora.] The typical 
genus of Madrepori- 
rfff, containing some 
of the commonest 
madrepores, of vari- 
ous branched shapes, 
among them some of 
the most extensive 
reef-building corals. 
M. eerrieornis is a 
species so called from 
its branching like the 
antlers of deer. 
Madreporacea (mad'- 
re-po-ra'se-a), n. pi. 
[NL., < Madrepora + 
T 
-acea.] A group of 
stone-corals, more or less exactly equivalent 
to Madreporaria. 
madreporal (mad're-po-ral), a. [< madrepore 
+ -a/, j Of or pertaining to madrepores ; con- 
sisting of madrepores. 
Madreporaria (mad're-po-ra'ri-S), n. pi. [NL. , 
< Madrepora + -aria.~\ A general name of the 
madrepores and related corals which are hexa- 
coralline or hexactinoid and have a continuous 
hard calcareous skeleton. The term covers not only 
the Madreporidte proper, but the Fungiidte or mushroom- 
corals, the Aetrcndce or star-corals, and related families. 
In a still wider sense, Madreporaria is an order of the class 
Actinozoa, including all the hard actinoid or actiniform 
corals, or sclerodermatous zoantharians, whether hexam- 
eral or tetrameral, and whether tabulate, tubulose, per- 
forate, aporose, or rugose. It Is then equivalent to Litho- 
eorallia and Sderodermata, or to the old LiUmphyta minus 
the Alcyonaria and other sclerobasic zoantharians. 
madreporarian (mad're-po-ra'ri-an), a. and u. 
I. a. Pertaining to the Madreporaria, or hav- 
ing their characters. 
II. n. A coral of the group Madreporaria. 
madrepore (mad're-por), n. [< F. madrepore 
= Sp. madrepora = Pg. madrepora, < It. madre- 
pora, coral, appar. lit. 'mother-stone' (cf. mad- 
reperla, 'mother-pearl,' mother-of-pearl: see 
madreperl), < madre, < L. mater, = E. mother, 
+ (appar.) Or. xupof, a light friable stone, a 
stalactite, or, as now understood, mJpof (> It. 
poro), pore : see pore 2 ."] An animal, or a coral, 
of the genus Madrepora or family Madrepori- 
da;; the polypite or the polypidom of a perfo- 
rate madreporarian: a name loosely extended 
to any stone-coral with madreporiform cavities 
or openings. In true madrepore the animal or polypite 
is hexameral with twelve short tentacles, and the polypi- 
dom Is of branch- 
Ing form and stony 
hardness. Madre- 
pore coral consists 
of carbonate of 
lime, with traces of 
animal matter, and 
Is formed by grad- 
ual deposition in 
the tissues of the 
compound polyp, 
so that in course of 
time the whole pre- 
sents the appear- 
ance of a number 
Madrepore Corals. of polyps support- 
ed on an extrane- 
ous body. When the animal matter has been removed 
madrepore is of a white color, wrinkled on the surface, 
and full of little cavities, in each of which an individual 
polyp was lodged, the radiating septa of the cavities 
corresponding to the internal divisions of the animal. 
Madrepores raise up walls and reefs of coral rocks with 
considerable rapidity in tropk-al elimates. Madrepore 
glass, see ^(<iw.-- Madrepore marble, madreporitic 
marble. 
madreporic (mad-re-por'ik), a. [< madrepore 
+ -if.] Of or pertaining to madrepore; of the 
character of the madrepore ; pierced with mi- 
nute holes like a madrepore. Also miidrcpofiti-. 
Madreporic canals, in echinoderms, tubular prolon- 
gations of the eirenlar vessel of the ambulacral system, 
having perforated ends, and terminating in a calcareous 
network, orother hard formation, known as the inadrepuric 
madrono 
body, madreporie tubercle, or madrrporite. Madreporic 
plate, In echinodernis, a madreportto. Madreporfc tu- 
bercle, a tubercular madreporfc body, or madrcporlte. 
Madreporidae (nuicl-ie-|ior'i-<le), n.pt. [NL., < 
\l,ulri IXH-II + -i'tn .} The madrepore family, 
typified by the genus Madrepora. iu limits vary 
with different authors, but in the strictest use it consists of 
several different genera, agreeing in that the polypltes and 
polyp-stocks have porous ciencnchyma, perforated thecn, 
little-developed septa, and an open gastric cavity com- 
municating with the canal In the ails of the branched 
polypidnni. 
madreporiform (inad're-p6-ri-f6rm), a. [< NL. 
Madrepora, a madrepore, + L. forma, form.] 
Resembling a madrepore; characteristic of a 
madrepore; madreporic. 
Madreporinae (mad're-po-ri'ne), n. pi. [NL., 
< MnitrcjKira + -ino;.]' A subfamily of Madre- 
poridfp. 
madreporite (mad're-po-rit), n. and a. [< mad- 
repore + -ite'i.] I. H. 1. Fossil madrepore. 
2. In echinoderrns, the madreporic body or 
tubercle ; the interradial aboral porous plate 
at the termination of the madreporic canals. 
Huxley. 
II. a. Same as madreporic. 
madreporitic (mad're-po-rit'ik), a. [< madre- 
porite + -ic.] Perta'ining to or consisting of 
madreporite, or made up of various corals more 
or less mixed with fragments of the shells of 
mollusks, all loosely classed together as madre- 
pores : as, madreporHic rocks. 
madrier (mad'ri-er), w. [F., earlier madier, a 
beam or stout plank, < Sp. madero, a beam, 
< madera, wood: see matter.] In milit. eiigin.: 
(a) In the seventeenth century, a heavy tim- 
ber forming the chief or central part of the car- 
riage of a cannon or mortar; hence, the whole 
carriage or mounting of a piece of artillery. 
Grose. (6) A plank lined with tin and covered 
with earth for roofing over certain parts of 
military works, in order to afford protection in 
lodgments, etc. (c) A plank used to support 
the earth in a mine, or in a moat or ditch to 
support a wall. 
madrigal (mad'ri-gal), . [< F. madrigal = Sp. 
madrigal, OSp. mandrial, mandrigal = Pg. mad- 
rigal = G. madrigal, < It. madrigale, Olt. madri- 
ale, mandriale, also mandriano, a short poem, a 
pastoral ditty ( > ML. matriale), < mandra, a herd, 
flock, < L. mandra, a stall, a herd, < Gr. pavdpa, 
a fold, an inclosed space, the bed on which the 
stone of a ring is set, a monastery. Cf . archi- 
mandrite, mandrel, from the same Gr. source.] 
1. A medieval poem or song, amorous, pas- 
toral, or descriptive. The distinguishing char- 
acteristics of the madrigal are now hard to 
determine. 
By shallow rivers to whose falls 
Melodious birds sing madrigal*. 
Marlowe, Passionate shepherd to his Love. 
2. In music: (a) A musical setting of such a 
poem. Strict madrigal-writing Involves the useof a canto 
fermo, adherence to oneof the ecclesiastical modes through- 
out, the abundant use of contrapuntal imitation in all its 
varieties, and the absence of instrumental accompaniment. 
This form of composition appeared In the Low Countries 
in the fifteenth century, ana soon spread to Italy, Ger- 
many, France, and England. In Italy and England it at- 
tained a notable perfection and beauty, passing over In 
the latter country into the modern glee. Madrigals were 
written for from three to eight or more voices. The senti- 
ments embodied varied from grave to gay, with a constant 
tendency to the latter. The choruses In the earlier operas 
and oratorios were madrigals, (ft) A glee or part- 
song in general, irrespective of contrapuntal 
qualities. 
madrigalert (mad'ri-gal-er), n. A writer or 
composer of madrigals" 
Satyrists, panegyrists, madrigallrrs. 
Tom Brown, Works, IL 155. (Darnel.) 
madrigaletto (rnad'n-ga-let'6), n. [It., dim. 
of madrigale, a madrigal: see madrigal."] A 
little madritral. 
madrigalian (mad-ri-ga'li-an), a. [< madrigal 
+ -tan.'] Of or pertaining to madrigals. 
The English madrigalian writers being represented sole- 
ly by Morley's " My Bonny Lass." Athenaeum, July 8, 1882. 
madrigalist (mad'ri-gal-ist), . [< madrigal + 
-ixt.~] A composer or singer of madrigals. Bur- 
ncy. Hist. Music, IV. 46. 
Madrilenian (mad-ri-le'ni-an), a. and n. [< Sp. 
MmlrilfHo (for *Madriilnito t 11i second d being 
changed by dissimilation to I), an inhabitant 
of Madrid, < Madrid,'] I. a. Of or belonging 
to Madrid. 
II. >' A native or an inhabitant of Madrid, 
the capital nf Spain. 
madrono (ma-dro'nyo), H. A handsome tree, 
.1,-lmtnx .!/<: ;<>/;. nf western North America, 
toward the south becoming a shrub. It bears a 
