malaconotine 
malaconotine (mal"a-ko-no'tin), a. Of or per- 
taining to the Malaconotiiw. 
Malaconotus (mal"a-ko-ii6'tus), H. [NL., < Gr. 
//a/ta/<if, soft, + i<<jrof, back.] A genus of Af- 
rican shrikes, giving name to the subfamily 
Malaconotina: so named from the soft plumage 
of the back. W. Swainson, 1827. 
Malacopoda (mal-a -kop'o-dii), n. pi. [NL., 
neut. pi. of malacopiis: see malacopodous.] A 
name given by E. B. Lankester to a grade of 
fhiathopoda (or Arthropoda) containing only 
the class Peripatidea, which itself consists of 
the single genus Peripatus, thus contrasted 
with a grade or series Condylopoda, including 
all other crustaceans, insects, etc. 
malacopodous (mal-a-kop'o-dus), a. [< NL. 
malacopus (-pod-), < Gr. //a/ta/cof, soft, + woiif 
(TOd-) = E./oot] Having soft feet; specifi- 
cally, of or pertaining to the Malacopoda. 
Malacopteri (mal-a-kop'te-ri), n. pi. [NL., pi. 
of malacopterus, sof t-finne5 : see malacopterous.] 
In Johannes Miiller's classification of fishes, an 
order of teleost fishes characterized by fin-rays 
that are soft, jointed, and generally branched, 
by abdominal ventral fins, and by the persistent 
communicationbetweenthe air-bladder and the 
intestine. It corresponds nearly to the Cuyier- 
ian Malacopterygii, but is less comprehensive. 
malacopterous (mal-a-kop'te-rus), a. [< NL. 
malacopterus, < Gr. /IO/MK.OI;, soft, + jrrep6v, wing 
(fin).] Having soft fins. 
malacopterygian(mal-a-kop-te-rij'i-an), a. and 
. I. a. Soft-finned ; pertaining to the Mala- 
copterygii, or having their characters. Also 
malacopterygious. 
II. n. A fish of the order Malacopterygii. 
Malacopterygii (mal-a-kop-te-rij'i-I), n. pi. 
[NL._ < Gr. fiaAandt;, soft, + irrepvi- (nrepvy-), TTTC- 
pvyiav, a wing, fin, < Krepov, a wing.] A group 
of teleost fishes, variously limited; the soft- 
finned or jointed-fin fishes, (a) In Cuvier's system 
of classification, the second division of bony fishes, having 
soft fin-rays : divided into AbdominaZes, Subbrachiati, and 
Apodes. (b) In Miiller's system, a group of pharyngogna- 
thous fishes, haying soft fins, and represented by the fam- 
ily Scomberemcidtx. (c) In Gill's system, an order of tele- 
ost fishes with cranial bones of the teleocephalous type, 
with the anterior vertebra 
not specially differentiated 
from the rest and not coa- 
lesced, no Weberian ossi- 
cles, the shoulder-girdle 
connected with the crani- 
um, a mesocoracoid as well 
as a hypocoracoid and hy- 
percoracoid bones devel- 
oped, the air-bladder con- 
nected with the intestinal canal by a pneumatic duct, the 
ventral fins abdominal, and the dorsal, anal, and ventral 
fins spineless. The order includes the clupeids, salmonids, 
and related fishes, (d) In the earliest systems, as Artedi's, 
some acanthopterygian fishes with slenderer flexible spines 
were loosely included, as stromateids, the wolf -fishes, the 
lophobranchiates, etc. Malacopterygii abdominales, 
abdominal soft-finned fishes, Cuvier's second order of 
fishes, having the ventral fins abdominal in position, be- 
hind the pectorals and unattached to the shoulder-girdle. 
Also called Gasteropterygii. Malacopterygii apodes, 
apodal sofMinned fishes, Cuvier's fourth order of fishes, 
having no ventrals. Malacopterygii subbrachiati, 
Cuvier's third order of fishes, having the ventrals under 
the pectorals, and the pelvic arch suspended to the shoul- 
der-girdle. 
malacopterygious (mal-a-kop-te-rij 'i-us), a. 
Same as malacopterygian. " 
Malacoscolices (mal // a-ko-skol'i-sez), n. pi. 
[NL., for "malacoscoleces, < Gr. //a/la/toc, soft 
(with ref. to mollusks), + an&hriZ, a worm.] A 
superordinal division proposed by Huxley in 
1877 to be established for the reception of the 
Polyzoa and Brachiopoda together, in order to 
indicate the relations of the group so consti- 
tuted with the worms on the one side and with 
the mollusks on the other. 
malacoscolicine (mal"a-ko-skori-sin), a. Per- 
taining to the Malacoscolices, or having their 
characters. 
malacosis (mal-a-ko'sis), n. [NL. , < Gr. /M^an6f, 
soft, + -osis.] In pathol., the morbid softening 
of tissues. 
Malacosteidae (maFa-kos-te'i-de), n.pl. [NL., 
< Malacosteus + -idw.] A family of teleost 
fishes, typified by the genus Malacosteus. 
malacosteoid (mal-a-kos'te-oid), a. [< Mala- 
costeus + -aid.] Resembling the genus Mala- 
costeus; of or pertaining to the Malacosteidat. 
malacosteon (mal-a-kos'te-on), n. [NL., < Gr. 
jUaAa/ciif , soft, + bcreav, bone.] In pathol., osteo- 
malacia. 
Malacosteus (mal-a-kos'te-us), n. [NL., < Gr. 
/ui'AaKoc,, soft, + bariov, bone.] A genus of fishes 
of peculiar aspect, distinguished, among other 
characters, by the slight calcification of the 
Fin of Malacopterygian. 
3590 
skeleton, typical of the Malacosteidw. There are 
several species, all deep-sea fishes, of which M. niger is the 
best-known. 
malacostomous (mal-a-kos'to-mus), . [< Gr. 
fiaMKOf, soft, + GTo/na, mouth.] Leather-mouth- 
ed; having a soft mouth that is, toothless 
jaws : said of fishes. 
Malacostraca (mal-a-kos'tra-ka), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. [uiJiaKdaTpaKOf, soft-shelled (neut. pi. jiaka- 
K6urpa.ua, Aristotle's name for Crustacea such as 
crabs, lobsters, etc.), < //a/l<ZKOf, soft, + oorpaKov, 
a shell : see Ostracea, ostracize, etc.] One of 
two main divisions of the Crustacea proper; the 
division which is contrasted with Entomostraca. 
By Latreille the group was divided into five orders, Deca- 
poda, Stomapoda, L&modipoda, Amphipoda, and Jsopoda. 
Zoologically speaking, its limits have fluctuated so far arid 
so often with different writers that no comprehensive yet 
exclusive definition is practicable, and the general ten- 
dency is now to ignore the term, along with Entomostraca. 
Huxley, however, retains both. 
malacostracan (mal-a-kos'tra-kan), a. and . 
[< Malacostraca + -an.] I. a. Of or pertain- 
ing to the Malacostraca. Also malacostracous. 
II. n. A malacostracous crustacean. 
malacostracological (mal-a-kos"tra-ko-loj'i- 
kal), a. [< malacostracolog-y + -ic-al.] Of or 
pertaining to malacostracology. 
malacostracologist (mal-a-kos-tra-kol'o-jist), 
n. [< malacostracolog-y + -ist.] A carcinolo- 
gist or crustaceologist. 
malacostracology (mal-a-kos-tra-kol'o-ji), n. 
[< NL. Malacostraca, q. vi, + Or. -/loyz,'< M ytiv, 
speak: see -ology.] The science of crusta- 
ceans ; crustaceology ; carcinology. 
malacostracous (mal-a-kos'tra-kus), a. [< Gr. 
/iaWooTyNZKof, soft-shelled: see Malacostraca.] 
Same as malacostracan: as, "a malacostracous 
crustacean," Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 323. 
malacotomic (mal"a-ko-tom'ik), a. [< mala- 
cotom-y + -ic.] Of or pertaining to malacot- 
omy. 
malacotomy (mal-a-kot'o-mi), n. [< Gr. /za/la- 
K<if, soft, + -rofi'ia, (. ripveiv, raueiv, cut.] The 
anatomy of Mollusca. 
Malacozoa (mal'a-ko-zo'a), n.pl. [NL., < Gr. 
/iaAatc6f, soft, 4- Cyov,'an animal.] Soft-bodied 
animals; the Mollusca in abroad sense,including 
mollusks proper, brachiopods, and polyzoans. 
malacozoic (maFa-ko-zo'ik), a. [< Malacozoa 
+ -ic.] Possessing 'the common features of 
molluscan life Malacozoic series, a phrase pro- 
posed by Huxley in 1877 to include a gradation or series 
of forms represented by the Malacoscolices of the same 
author and the Mollusca; it includes animals graded from 
the lowest Polyzoa to the highest mollusks. 
maladaptation (mal"ad-ap-ta'shon), n. [< 
mal- + adaptation.'] Faulty adaptation; lack 
of adaptation. W. K. Clifford, Lectures, II. 273. 
maladdress (mal-a-dres'), n. [< mal- + ad- 
dress.'] Lack of address; want of tact; awk- 
wardness; rudeness. 
It took all the mal-address of which travellers are mas- 
ters to secure admittance. 
HoweUt, Their Wedding Journey, p. 241. 
maladjustment (mal-a-just'ment), n. [< mal- 
+ adjustment.] A faulty adjustment; lack of 
adjustment. 
maladministration (mal-ad-min-is-tra'shon), 
. [< F. maladministration; as mal- + admin- 
istration.'] Faulty management of affairs ; vi- 
cious or defective conduct in the performance 
of official duties, particularly of executive and 
ministerial duties prescribed by law. Formerly 
maladministration. 
The violence of revolutions is generally proportioned 
to the degree of the maladministration which has pro- 
duced them. Macaulay, Hist. Eng., xlii. 
maladroit (mal-a-droif), a. [< F. maladroit; as 
mal- + adroit.] "Not adroit or dexterous ; inex- 
pert; clumsy; awkward; unhandy; bungling. 
maladroitly (mal-a-droit'li), adv. In a mal- 
adroit manner; clumsily; awkwardly. 
maladroitness (mal-a-droit'nes), n. The char- 
acter of being maladroit; clumsiness; awkward- 
ness; want of skill or tact. 
malady (mal'a-di), n.', pi. maladies (-diz). [< 
ME. maladye, ( OF. (and F.) maladie, sickness, 
illness, disease, < malade, malabde, F. malade 
= Pr. malapte,^ malaude, sick, < LL. *male habi- 
tus, sick, lit. 'ill conditioned' (cf. LL. male ha- 
bens, sick, L. male se habere, be sick or indis- 
posed, be in ill condition): L. male, badly (< 
mains, bad: see mal-, male 3 ); habitus, pp. of 
habere, have, hold : see habit."] 1. A physical 
disorder or disease; sickness or distemper of 
any kind ; especially, a chronic, deep-seated, or 
dangerous disease. 
Merlin seide "He shall not dye on this maladye." 
Merlin (E. E. I, S.), i. 51. 
malappropriate 
Why was it that, in that epidemic malady of constitu- 
tions, ours escaped the destroying influence? 
Macaulay, Hallam's Const. Hist. 
The Comanches think a malady is caused by the blast- 
ing breath of a foe. //. Spencer, Prin. of Sociol., 125. 
2. Hence, moral or mental disorder ; any dis- 
ordered state or condition : as, social maladies. 
= Syn. 1. Infirmity, Distemper, etc. (see disease); com- 
plaint, ailment. 
mala fide (ma'la fi'de). [L., abl. of mala fides, 
bad faith: see mala fides.] With bad faith; de- 
ceitfully ; treacherously : opposed to bona fide. 
In Scots law, a mala fide possessor is a person who possesses 
a subject not his own upon a title which he knows to be 
bad, or which he has reasonable ground for believing to 
be so. 
mala fides (ma'la fi'dez). [L. : mala, fern, of 
malus, bad; fides",) ult. E. faith; cf. bona fides.] 
Bad faith. 
malafiges, . A sailors' name for a small sea- 
bird supposed to appear before a storm: ap- 
parently, the stormy petrel or Mother Carey's 
chicken. 
Malaga (mal'a-ga), . [Seedef.] A wine pro- 
duced at Malaga in Spain. The wines specifically 
so named are made from the last vintage, which occurs 
in October and November. There are several varieties. 
Thudicum and Dupre. Malaga grape, any of the grapes 
grown near Malaga, especially those exported thence. 
The muscadel is a leading variety. In America the name 
Malaya is given to any variety of large oval white grape. 
Malagash(mal-a-gash'), n. Same as Malagasy. 
Malagasy (mal-a-gas'i), a. and n. [Formerly 
Madegassy,Madecassee; = F.Malgache; an adj. 
formed from the native name of Madagascar.] 
I. a. Of or pertaining to Madagascar or its in- 
habitants. 
It was not until the publication of the official chart by 
D'Apres de Mannevillette, from actual hydrographic sur- 
vey, in 1776, that any notable progress was effected in the 
delineation of the Malagasy seaboard. 
Athenaeum, No. 3071, p. 332. 
II. n. A native of Madagascar ; a member of 
any of the races or tribes inhabiting that island, 
malagmat (ma-lag'ma), n. [= F. It. malagma, 
< L. malagma, < Gr. fi6.Aayjj.a, a plaster, a poul- 
tice, < iiaMnaecv, soften: see malax.] In therap., 
an external local medicament designed to soften 
the part to which it is applied; an emollient 
cataplasm ; a poultice. 
malaguetta pepper. Same as grains of para- 
dise (which see, under grain^). 
malahack (mal-a-hak'), v. t. [Origin obscure.] 
See the quotation. 
Malahack: to cut up hastily or awkwardly. 
Lowell, Biglow Papers, 2d ser., Int. 
Malaic (ma-la'ik), a. [< Malay + -ic.] Same 
as Malay. 
malaise (ma-laz'), . [< F. malaise, uneasiness, 
discomfort: see malease.] Uneasiness; discom- 
fort; specifically, an indefinite feeling of un- 
easiness, often a preliminary symptom of a se- 
rious malady. 
Malaisian, a. See Malaysian. 
Malambo bark. See bark?. 
malanders, mallanders (mal'an-derz), n. pi. 
[Also mallenders, mallinders; < F. malandre = 
It. malandra, malanders, also a dead rotten 
knot, < L. malandria (neut. pi., LL. also fern, 
sing.), blisters or pustules on the neck, esp. of 
horses.] In farriery, a dry scab or scurfy erup- 
tion on the hock of a horse or at the bend of the 
knee; "sore places on the inside of theforelegs 
of a horse " (Halliwell). 
She has the maUanders, the scratches, the crown scab, 
and the quitter bone in the t'other leg. 
B. Jonson, Bartholomew Fair, ii. 1. 
malapert (mal'a-pert), a. and n. [< ME. mala- 
pert, < OF. malapert, over-ready, impudent, < 
mal, badly, 4- apert, open, ready: see apert, and 
cf. pert.] I. a. Characterized by pertness or 
impudence; saucy; impudent; bold; forward. 
She was wis and loved hym nevere the lasse, 
Al nere he malapert. Chaucer, Troilus, iii. 87. 
Untutor'd lad, thou art too malapert. 
Shak., 3 Hen. VI., v. 5. 32. 
He IB bitterly censured by Marinus Marcennus, a mala- 
pert friar. Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 454. 
II. . A pert, saucy person. 
malapertly (mal'a-pert-li), adv. In a malapert 
manner; saucily; with impudence. 
malapertness (mal'a-pert-nes), n. The char- 
acter of being malapert; sauciness; impudent 
pertness or forwardness. 
malappropriate (mal-a-pro'pri-at), v. t. ; pret. 
and pp. malappropriaied, ppr. malappropriat- 
ing. [< mal- + appropriate.] To misappro- 
priate ; apply to a wrong use; misuse. 
She thrust the hearth-brush into the grates in mistake 
for the poker, and malapprojmated several other articles 
of her craft. E. Bronte, Wuthering Heights, xxxii. 
