maxillary 
jaw: see iini.rilln.\ I. , Of m 1 pertiiining in 
any way to a jaw or jaw-bone ; specifically, of 
or portiiining to the maxilla alone, in any of 
tin' special senses of that word: as, the maxit- 
Ini-u bones of a vertebrate; the maxillary palps 
of an insert. Anterior internal maxillary vein. 
Same a& .facial vein (which see, under facial). Exter- 
nal maxillary artery, disused name uf the third 
brunch uf the external carotid, nuw culled the facial ae- 
(cry (whiuh M*, imii.-r/nci/iO. Inferior maxillary di- 
vision or nerve. Same as itrframaxillartt nerve (which 
see, under iiiiriuiMjciUarij). - Internal maxillary ar- 
tery, <HI>' f two terminal branches uf the external rarotiil 
(th.- other being the temporal), coursing inward past the 
nerk uf the i-iiii'lyle of the lower juw.lione, and supplying 
deep parts of the face by means uf its numerous branches, 
of which there are upward of twelve. Maxillary lobe, 
in eiitom., a part of the maxilla attached externally tu the 
stipes, and toothed or fringed internally with hair or bris- 
tles, used for holding and masticating food. When long and 
lilade-like, forming the apex of the organ, it is called the 
tacinia. h may be divided into two parts the inner and 
outer or the internal and external lubes. The outer lobe 
is sometimes transformed into a two-jointed palpus, in ad- 
ditiun to the true maxillary palpus. Maxillary palpi, 
in enfnn., appendages, each composed of from one to six 
joints, attached to the outer sides of the niailllte. See pal 
ptw.- Maxillary segment, the elementary second post- 
oral segment of an Insect's head, which bears the maxilla;. 
It is perhaps represented by parts of the genre and the oc- 
ciput. This isgenerally called the/in* maxillary, to distill- 
gulsh It from tin- necmul maxillary, ot labial segment See 
jxw/oraJ. Maxillary sinus, the great cavity or hollow of 
the supramaxillary bone of man and some other mammals, 
communicating with the middle meatus of the nose : com- 
monly called the aiitrum Uiijhnu>ruumm or antrum iif 
Hiijhinore. See antruin. -Maxillary teeth, teeth Im- 
planted in the supramaxillary hone. In mammals they 
are distinguished from the Incisors, which are implanted 
In the premaxillary. Such maxillary teeth are the canines, 
premolars, and molars. In the lower vertebrates, as 
fishes, they are distinguished from the vomerine, palatal, 
pharyngeal, etc., teeth. 
Superior maxillary %V _F 
nerve, the second main 
division of the fifth or 
trigeminal nerve, extend- 
ing from the Gasserian 
ganglion, and mainly dis- 
tributed to the upper jaw. 
II. ! pl. inaxil- 
laries (-ri/,). A jaw- 
bone ; a maxillary 
bone, or rauxilla. In 
vertebrates at least three 
maxillaries are commonly 
distinguished by qualify- 
ing terms. These are : (a) 
the superior maxillary, or 
supramaxillary ; (6) the is 'iiie'conTlyioid notch! 
Rremaxillary.orintermax- 
lai v ; and > the inferior maxillary, or inframaxillary. 
The last of these is the lower jaw-bone ; the other two 
belong to the upper jaw. All these are paired ; but eacli 
may fuse with its fellow, and the two inaxlllarles of each 
half of the upper jaw often coalesce. When used abso- 
lutely, the term means the supramaxillary. 
maxilliferous (mak-si-lif'e-rus), . [< L. imu- 
illn, jaw, + feire = E. bear 1 .'] Provided with 
m:: \ i I l:e : as, the maxilliferoua mouth of a crus- 
tacean or beetle. 
maxilliform (mak-siri-form), a. [< L. maxilla, 
jaw, + forma, form.] Having the form or mor- 
phological character of a maxilla : as, a mx.nl - 
I (form limb. 
maxilliped, maxillipede (mak-sil'i-ped, - 
. [< L. maxilla, jaw, + yxvi Qit'il-) = E. 
In ( 'ruxtarra, a foot- jaw or gnathopodite ; one of 
the several limbs which are so modified as to 
partake of the characters of both jaw and foot, 
serving for the purpose of both mastication and 
locomotion. They are the posterior three of the gnath- 
ites or appendages of the mouth, the remainder being 
two pairs of maxillrc and one pair of mandibles. See cuts 
under Podophthalmia and Cryptophialus. 
maxillipedary (mak-sil-i-ped'a-ri), a. [< imijr- 
illijx'd + ari/.] Of or pertaining to a maxil- 
liped ; having foot-jaws. 
Hence results a sudden widening of the second maxil- 
lary, as compared with the first maxtttipcdary somite. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 270. 
maxillojugal (mak-sil-6-jo'gal), n. [< maxilla 
+ jui/m +-fl?.] Common to the superior max - 
iVlary and to the malar (or jugal) bone; ma- 
larimaxillary. 
maxillomandibular (mak - sil ' 6 - man - dib ' fi- 
lar), a. [< maxilla + iiiainlihula + -r 3 .] Per- 
taining to both jaws that is, to the maxilla 
and to the mandible. 
maxillopalatine (niak-sil-6-para-tin), a. and . 
[< maxiUa + palate + -me 1 .'] I. n. In aat., of 
or pertaining to the supramaxillary and pala- 
tine bones. 
II. . In omitli., a part of the superior 
maxillary bone which projects inward, form- 
ing a palatal process, which may or may not 
meet its fellow in the midline of the bony pal- 
ate. Its character and connections are various, and much 
used in the classification of birds. See enta under 
nnthnitf, dMNqpMtfcoM, ami 
inaxillopharyngeal (mak-sil'd-fa-rin'j^-al). a. 
[< maxilla + /iliaruHX(j>liarung-) 4- -c-nl.] Per- 
taining to the lower jaw-bone or inframax- 
illary and to the pharynx. - MaxlllopharyngeaJ 
space, In miryieal ana/., a triangular area between tin- 
side of the pharynx and the ramusof the lower jaw-)>une, 
containing important vessels and nerves, as the Internal 
carotid artery, the Internal jugular vein, and the glossu- 
pharyngeal, pneumogastrlc, spinal accessory, and hypo- 
B 
Inferior Maxillary or Lower Jaw- 
bone of Man. 
A, symphysls menti ; B, angle of 
jaw ; C, body or horizontal ramus ; 
/>, coronoicl process ; K, ascetultn^ 
nimus; /. cunilyle ; the teeth in- 
serted along; the alveolar bonier. 
The concave line between /) and /" 
maxillopremaxillary (mak-sil'6-pre-niak'si- 
la-i-i), n. and n, f < iii/ijcillit + itirinnxilla + -ary.~\ 
1. a. Common to the maxilla and to the pre- 
maxilla: as, ''the maattlopreMaxiBaty part of 
the skull," Huxley. 
II. N. The supramaxillary and prenm.xillary 
bones taken together, when, as in many of the 
higher vertebrates, they fuse into a single bone. 
maxilloturbinal (mak-sil-d-ter'bi-nal), a. and 
n. [< iiKuilln + turbine + -al.] I. a. Whorled 
or scrolled, and articulated with the supramax- 
illary bone, as is the inferior turbinated bone. 
II. n. The inferior turbinated bone, in man 
it Is a light spongy bone curved upon Itself, articulating 
with the suprauiaxillary, palatal, lacryuial, and ethmoid 
bones, and projecting into the nasal fossa;, serving to sep- 
arate the middle from the lower of these foss-. The name 
is correlated with tthnutturtnnal and nyheiwturtnnat. See 
cuts under nasal and eranutfacial. 
maxim (mak'sim), . [< F. maximf = Sp. max- 
ima = Pg. maxima = It. maaxima, < ML. maxi- 
ma, a maxim, abbr. of LL. maxima jtropositio, 
premise, the greatest or chief premise (applied 
by Boethius to the rules of the commonplaces 
which are more than ordinary major premises) ; 
fern, of L. maximtis, greatest, superl. of maij- 
HUH, great: see RHHMMMM.] 1. A proposition 
serving as a rule or guide ; a summary state- 
ment of an established or accepted principle ; 
a pithy expression of a general rule of conduct 
or action, whether true or false : as, the maxima 
of religion or of law; the maxims of worldly 
wisdom or of avarice ; ethical maxima. 
All which points were obserued by the Ureekes and 
Latines, and allowed for maxbnet In versifying. 
rmtrnlMM, Arte of Eng. Poesle, p. 101. 
In human laws there be many grounds and maxim* 
which are . . . positive upon authority. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 3*M. 
A in". n in is the short and formal statement of an estab- 
lished principle of law. More than two thousand of these 
maxim* now exist, many of which are of great antiquity, 
and most of which are of the highest authority and value. 
AW/i'/pfn/i. Klein, of Law, 4. 
2. In logic, the rule of a commonplace ; an ul- 
timate major premise. 3. An axiom. [Bare.] 
Maxim*. . . . certain propositions which . . . (are| self 
evident, or to be received as true. 
Loclce, Human Understanding, IV. vil. 11. 
4. Same as mj-//rtl.=syn. 1. Precept, Axiom, etc. 
See aphorism. 
maxima 1 (mak'si-ma). a. [L., fern, of maxi- 
ni n.". greatest: see niaxim, maximum.] In me- 
dieval musical notation, same as large, 2, when 
the latter was used in its precise sense as the 
next denomination above long. 
maxima 2 , . Plural of maximum. 
maximal (mak'si-mal), a. [< maximum + -al.] 
Of the highest or maximum value, etc.; being 
a maximum. 
The tun r! ami and minimal values are reached with full 
loaded and empty girder. 
Jour. FranUin Irut., CXXVI. 240. 
A maximal muscular clench was recorded on a dyna- 
mometer. Amer. Jour. Ptyehol. , 1. 191. 
maximally (mak'si-mal-i), adv. In the high- 
est degree ; to the utmost ; extremely. 
Those portions of the brain that have just been maxi- 
mally excited retain a kind of soreness which Is a condition 
of our present consciousness. W. Jamet, Miud, IX. 12. 
mazimed (mak'simd), a. [< maxim + -erf 2 .] 
Reduced to a maxim; pithily formulated. 
[Rare.] 
There is another maxitntd truth In this connection : 
'Knowledge is a two-edged sword." 
./. C. Van Dyke, Books and How to Vse them, p. 19. 
Maxim gun. See machinc-ijun. 
Maximilian (mak-si-mil'i-an), . [So called 
from MiisimiiiitH, the name of various rulers 
of Bavaria.] A Bavarian gold coin worth 
about 13x. 6rf. English. Himmoiidx. Maximilian 
armor, an armor decorated and rendered more rigid by 
(lutings, with which all the large surfaces are occupied. 
This armor, introduced toward the close of the fifteenth 
i entiiry, is generally thought to have originated among 
the skilful armorers of Milan, and is also called Milan 
armor. 
Maximiliana (mak-si-mil-i-a 'nii), n. fNL. 
(Martins. 1831), named after Maximilian Alex- 
amler Philipp. Prince of Neuwied.] A genus 
ol' palms of the tribe I'nminrie and subtribe 
i; ilistinguished by the minute petals 
and six slightly exserted stamens of the male 
may 
flowers, and the one seeded fruit. There arc 3 
species, natives of Brazil, Uulana, and the Island of Trini- 
dad. M. reyia is the inaja- or jagua-palm of the Amazon ; 
M. Carilma Is the crown-palm of some of the West Indies ; 
and M. iniiynii Is the cocorite of Brazil. 8ee crmm-palm, 
coconte. 
maximist (mak'si-mist), . [< maxim + -itt.] 
One who has a fondness for quoting or UBing 
maxims. /;;. IHt-t. 
maximization (nmk'si-mi-za'aliou), H. [< mi'j- 
iiin..i' -f- -atiiin.] The act or process of maxim- 
izing, or raising to the highest degree. Ben- 
i In i in. Also spelled maximisation. 
maximize (mak'si-miz), r. t. ; pret. and pp. 
maximiznl, ppr. iiitij-imi;iny. [< L. maximum. 
greatest (see maximum), -f- -tee.] To make as 
great as possible ; raise or increase to the high- 
est degree. Also spelled maximize. 
To maximize pleasure Is the problem of Economics. 
Jtcuiut, Pol. Econ,, p. 40. 
maxim-monger (muk'sim-mung'ger), n. One 
who deals much in maxims; a sententious per- 
son. Imp. Diet. 
ma.TimnTn (mak'si-mum), H. and a. [ = F. maj-- 
ime = Sp. mdximo = Pg. maximo = It. massimo, 
a.; < L. maximum, neut. of maximus, greatest, 
superl. of may nun, great: see main'*, magnitude, 
etc.] I. H.; pl. maxima (-ma). 1 . The greatest 
amount, quantity, or degree ; the utmost extent 
or limit : opposed to minimum, the smallest. 
He could produce the maximum of result with the min- 
imum outlay of means. 
T. Parker, Historic Americans, Franklin. 
2. In math., that value of a function at which 
it ceases to increase and begins to decrease. 
Absolute nmrlmiini that value which is greater than 
any other. Maxima and minima, in math, and phytie*. 
the values which a function has at the moment when It 
ceases to Increase and begins to decrease, and vice versa. 
The method of finding these greatest and least values Is 
called the method of maxima and minima. 
II. . Greatest: as, the maximum velocity. 
Maximum thermometer, a thermometer so construct- 
ed as to indicate the highest temperature during a day or 
during any given space of time, or since Its last adjust- 
ment. See thermometer. 
Maxwell color-disks. See (//../.-. 
may 1 (ma), r. ; pret. might; no pp., ppr., or inf. 
in use. [A defective auxiliary verb classed 
with can, shall, etc., as a preterit-present, (a) 
Ind. pres. 1st and 3d pers. sing, may, < ME. 
may, mai, meu. mei, maig, < Ao. 1 mtrg = OS. 
mag = OKries. mei, mi = MD. D. MLG. LG. 
mag = OHG. MHG. G. mag = Icel. md = Sw. 
mil = Dan. mini = Goth, mag ; (b) ind. pres. 
2d pers. sing, now mayest, mayxt, by conforma- 
tion with reg. verbs in -et, -xt, but historically 
might, < ME. miht, muht, migt, maht, < AS. 
meaht, meht, miht = OS. maht = OHG. MHG. 
maht, G. magst = Icel. matt = Goth, magt; (f) 
ind. pres. 1st, 2d, and 3d pers. pl. now may (by 
conformation), but historically mow, or, with 
retention of the orig. pl. suffix, mown, mouti, 
dial, maun, must, < ME. moir. moire, moge, motcti, 
inoun, moicen, matcen, maheu, magen, muicen, 
muge>i,<. AS. mdyon, maigon (or with short vowel, 
as in Goth. , magon, etc. ) = OS. mugun = OFries. 
iiniguii = OHG. magum, magut, maaun, MHG. 
mugen, maget, magen, G. mogen = Icel. mrgum 
= Dan. maa = Sw. md = Goth. m<t<jnm ; (d) pret. 
1st pers. sing, might, dial, mought, < ME. mighte, 
michte, mihte, myhte, miate, migte, mught, niuliti . 
moght, mought, etc., < AS. meahte, mrhte, mihti' 
= OS. mahta, mohta = OFries. machte = MD. 
moght, D. mogt, mocht = MLG. machte, mochtc 
= OHG. mali'tii, mohta, MHG. mahte, mvhte, G. 
mochte = Icel. mdtta = Sw. matti- = Dan. maatte 
= Goth, mahta; pl. in similar forms; (e) inf. 
"may, or rather moic, not in mod. use, < ME. 
mowe, moicen, mughen, mugen, < AS. 'mugan or 
"magan (neither form in use, but the second 
indicated by the occasional ppr. magende, me- 
geude) = OS. magan, mugan = OFries. "mega 
= D. iitwjtH = MLG. LG. IHIKJIII = OHG. rnagan, 
mm/an, MHG. mugen, mugen, G. mogen = Icel. 
mega = Sw. md = Dan. maa = Goth, magan ; 
an orig. independent verb meaning. ' be strong, 
have power,' hence 'be able, can,' and used 
in As., etc., where now (in E. ) can would 
be used (can orig. meaning 'know': see can 1 ); 
akin to OBulg. /</. wArt, be able, can, = 
Russ. moclie, be able ; also prob. to AS. micel, 
eto.. E. ninth. L. magniui, great, Gr./Jfyaf, great, 
L. mactus, honored, Skt. T/ mah, be great. ] A. 
As an independent verb, or as a quasi-auxiliary : 
To have power: )i:ive iiliility : be able: e;m. In 
the absolute original use, ' can,' now rare (being super- 
seded by con) except where a degree of contingency Is 
Involved, when the use passes insensibly into the later 
asm. The uses of may are much involved, the notions of 
power, ability, opportunity, permission, contingency, etc., 
