monobrachius 
monobrachius (mon-o-bra'ki-us), a.; pi. wi,ii/>- 
lii-in-liii (-1). [XL., < Or. i"'n'i;, single. + L. bra- 
chin in, the iirni.] In teratol., a monster having 
a single uriu. 
monobrpmated (mon-o-bro'ma-ted), a. [< (Jr. 
iii'irtnj, single, + K. liri>in(ine) + -(/! + -i-if-.\ 
Containing one bromine atom: used only of or- 
ganic compounds in which one atom of bromine 
lias liocn introduced into each molecule by sub- 
stitution or addition Monobromated camphor. 
See campttora nwnobroinata, under camphor. 
inonobromized (mou-o-bro'inizd), a. [< Or. 
fi6vof, single, + brnm(inr) + -i;v + -erf 1 -.] Same 
as monobrtimated. A'ature, XL. 539. 
monocarbonate (mon-o-kiir'bo-nat), n. [< Or. 
pAvoc, single. + E. cartionate.] A carbonate in 
which both hydrogen atoms of the acid are re- 
placed by basic elements or radicals: distin- 
guished from bicarbonates, in which only one 
hydrogen atom is so replaced. More appropri- 
ately called normal carbonate. 
monocarp (mon'o-kiirp), n. [< Gr. frivot, single, 
+ KapTrAf, fruit.] In hot., a plant that perishes 
after having once borne fruit ; an annual plant. 
monocarpeilary (mon-o-kiir'pe-la-ri), a. [< Gr. 
[tows, single, + E. carpel + -ary 1 .] Composed 
of one carpel. Compare polycarpcllary. 
monocarpic (mon-o-kar'pik), a. [< monorari> 
+ -ic.] Same as monocarpous (a). 
inonocarpous (mon-o-kiir'pus), a. [< monocarp 
+ -oiw.] In but. : () Producing fruit but once 
in its life : said of annual plants, (b) Noting 
a flower in which the jjynoscium forms only a 
single ovary, whether simple or compound. 
Monocaulidae (raon-6-ka'h-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Monocaulis + -id(e.] A family of tubularian 
hydroids orgymnoblastic Hydroida, typified by 
the genus Monocaulis, having a simple hydro- 
sorua with a single fixed hydranth. 
Monocaulis, Monocaulus (mon-o-ka'lis, -lus), 
. [NL., < Qr. /uovof, single, + navUs, a stalk, 
stein: see caitlis.] The typical genus of Mono- 
t'tittlUtu'. M. pendula is a simple tubular hydromedusa 
with a single hydranth pendulous upon the nodding or 
cernuous stem, and hearing two circlets of tentacles. It 
is of vory soft, delicate structure and pink color, attaining 
a length of 4 inches. Also Manucaulot. 
monocellular (mou-o-sel'u-lar), a. [< monocel- 
Ittle + -ar 3 .] Same as unicellular. Nature, XLL 
148. 
monocellule (mon-6-sel'ul), . [< Gr. fiAvo^, 
single, + E. cellule.] A unicellular organism; 
an animal or a plant which consists of a single 
cell. 
monocentric (mon-o-sen'trik), . [< Gr.^ovoc, 
single, + Kcvrpov, center: see centric.] 1. Hav- 
ing or proceeding from a single center. 2. In 
anat., unipolar : applied to a rete mirabile which 
is not gathered again into a single trunk: op- 
posed to amiihicentric. 
Monocentridas (mon-o-ser /tri-de), . pi. [NL., 
< Monoccntris + -idee.'] A family of acanthop- 
terygiau fishes, typified by the genus Monoeeii- 
tt'ix. They have the body covered with large angular 
bone>like scales, the head rounded and cavernous, a spl- 
uous dorsal tin separate from the soft dorsal and composed 
of 5 large spines divaricated and not completely connected 
by membrane, and the ventrals represented only by many 
large spines. There is but one species, Monocentrig japo- 
nicut of the Japanese seas. 
Monocentris (mon-o-sen'tris), w. [NL., < Gr. 
pAvos, single, + aevrpov, point, center: see cen- 
ter 1 .'] The typical genus of Monocentrida;, char- 
acterized by the great development of the ven- 
tral spines. Block and Schneider, 1801. Also 
Monocentrus. 
monocephalous (mon-o-sef'a-lus), a. [< NL. 
monocephalus, < Gr. novonf$a%os, one-headed, < 
,u<5vof. single, + neipa^fi, head.] 1. Having only 
one head; in bot., bearing a single capitulum 
or head. 2. Specifically, having the character 
of a monocephalus. 
monocephalus (mon-o-sef'a-lus), . ; pi. moiio- 
i-i lihitli (-li). [NL.: see monocephalous.] In tera- 
/<>!.. a double monster having only one head but 
two bodies. Also called syncephalus. 
monocercous (mon-o-ser'kus), a. [< Gr. ftAvof, 
single, + hi,ikui;, the tail of a beast: see cercux.] 
llavin-; only one "tail," or flagellum; unifla- 
gellate, as an infusoriaii. 
monoceros (mo-nos'e-ros). H. [< L. monoceros, 
< Gr. fiaftaauf, a unicorn,< uavonepw;, alsouovoxe- 
parof, one-horned, < /rivof, single, + nfpaf, horn.] 
1. A unicorn, or some other one-horned ani- 
mal. real or imaginary. 
Mighty Monoccruses with immeasured tayles. 
Spemer.V. Q.,11. xii. 23. 
2. [<''/;] A constellation. tlie Unicorn, south 
of the Twins and the Crab, and bet ween the two 
tftmtttm imbrtfa- 
turn. 
3837 
Does, introduced by Jacob BartHch in 1624. 
3. The narwhal, Monodon ///.;.- .>. 4. [c//y>. | 
In :oi'il.: (a) A genus of proHobranchiateg of 
the family Muricida;, so called 
from the large spine on the 
outer lip; the unicorn-shells. 
There are several sp' !<* 
from the west coast of Amer- 
ica. Lamarck, 1800. (6) A 
genus of balistoid fishes. 
Block and Schneider, 1801. 
monocerous (mo-nos'e-rus), 
a. [< Gr. fiovAiapuf. one- 
horned: see monoceros.] Hav- 
ing one horn or horn-like 
part; unicoru. 
monochasial (mon-o-ka'si-al), 
. [< monochasium + -al.] In hot., pertaining 
to or resembling a monochasium. 
monochasium (mon-o-ka'si-um), H. ; pi. montt- 
chasia (-&). [NL., < Gr. pow>f, single, + x aa 'S, 
separation, chasm, < x a ' vetv , gap*': see chasm.'] 
In bot., a cyme with one main axis ; a unipamis 
cyme : a term proposed by Eichler. 
Monochitonida (mon'o-ki-ton'i-dtt), i.. pi. 
[NL. (cf. Gr. funx>x' Tav , wearing only a tunic), 
' Gr. ftAvos, single, + x' T< ->v, a tunic (see chiton), 
+ -ida.] A division of tunicaries or Tunicata, 
containing those which have the inner and out- 
er integuments united in a single tunic, such as 
the Salpida; and Doliolida": opposed to Dichi- 
tonida. Fleming, 1828. 
monochitonidan (mon'o-ki-ton'i-dan), a. and 
n. I. a. Having a single tunic; specifically, 
pertaining to the Monochitonida, or having their 
characters. 
II. n. A member of the MonochHonidu, as a 
salp or doliolid. 
Monochlamydeae (mon'o-kla-mid'e-e), . pi. 
[NL. (A. P.de Candolle, 1819), fern. pi. of mon- 
ochlamydruit : see monochlamydeous.'] A division 
of dicotyledonous plants, characterized by apet- 
alous flowers that is, flowers with a perianth 
of a single row of envelops and so distin- 
guished from the divisions Polypetaltg and Ca- 
niopetahe, which have two rows, or both calyx 
and corolla ; the Apetata:. It includes 36 orders, 
among them the amaranth, chenopod, buckwheat, pepper, 
laurel, euphorbia, nettle, walnut, oak, and willow families. 
monochlamydeous (mon'o-kla-mid'e-us), o. 
[< NL. momichlamydeus, < Gr. //rfi'of, single, + 
' 
cloak: see chlamy.t.'] 
In bot. , ha^ng a sin- 
gle instead of a dou- 
ble perianth : applied 
to flowers. The missing 
set is considered to be the 
inner, or corolla. Compare 
achlainydetnM and difhla- 
mydema. See Moiuxhla- 
mydca. 
Monochlamy<leou Flower 
O- Daphne \tr*rrtum. t. Perianth 
k6rd),n. [=F.WIOO- 
corde = Sp. Pg. monocordio = It. monocordo, < 
Ijli.monocnordos, monochordon,< Gr. /tovdxopAov, 
a monochord, neut. of /wv6xopdof, with a single 
string, < juivoc, single, + xP^I, string.] An 
acoustical instrument, invented at a very early 
date in Egypt or Greece, consisting of a long 
resonance-box over which a single string of gut 
or wire is stretched, the vibrating length, and 
thus the pitch, of which is fixed by a movable 
bridge. The position of the bridge required to produce 
particular intervals may be mathematically determined, 
and marked on the body of the instrument. The mono- 
chord has been much used inacoustical demonstration and 
in teaching pure intonation. In the middle ages smaller 
instruments with several strings were made, and were 
often permanently tuned to give certain intervals. (See 
helicon (a).) The notion of a primitive keyboard-instru- 
ment doubtless sprang from some such beginning. 
monochroic (mon-o-kro'ik), a. [< Gr. /iov6xpf< 
of one color, < /jAvof, single, + jpoo, color.] 
Having but one color; monochromatic. 
monochromatic (nion'o-kro-mat'ik), a. [=P. 
monochromatiqiic = Pg. monochromatico, < Gr. 
fiovoxp&paTof, of one color, <.fi6vo(, single, + %pi>- 
fta(r-), color: see chromatic.] Consisting of 
light of one wave-length, and in that sense 
of one color only, as the light produced by a 
Bunsen flame in which sodium is being vola- 
tilized. The light of the flame is almost entirely that 
due to the two sodium lines, the colon of which are barely 
distinguishable from one another, and the consequence is 
that objects viewed tiy this light are all yellow, and differ 
only In form and Illumination. A monochromatic light 
gives a single bright line when viewed with the spectro- 
scope. 
monochrome (mon'6-krom), . [= F. >H<IH- 
clirinnt = Pg. iiiotKK'liriiiitii. < .ML. 
monocllnohedric 
fein. of L. muHiirhrumot, < Or. '>ru,r/jup<of, aliui 
, of line eolnr (see iiiinilifliriini' 
, single, + xi 1 "/'", <'"l<ir.J Painting or 
a painting in mie eolor. \\hi<-h may, hr, 
be relieved by the use of lighter and darker 
shades. Compare <nmu,rn and arinaille. 
monochromical (mon-o-kro'mi-Kal), a. (A- 
m<Hli>i-lli-nmiii<\i, + -III.] Ill' li MM.' I ..... l"r 
one-colored. 
monochromy (mon'o-kro-mi), n. [As <//..- 
rhrniHi + -y.] The art orpractice of painting 
in monochrome, or in one or more shades of a 
single color. 
Hunnchrinny is advantageously employed when it li de- 
sired, on the one hand, to avoid the brilliancy attendant 
on the Introduction of several distinct colours, and, on the 
other, the dulluew consequent on the exclusive use of 
single tune. 0. X. Rood, Modern Chrumatlo, p. Slu. 
monochronic (mon-o-kron'ik), a. [< LL. mono- 
chronog, of the same time or measure, < Gr. 
uuv6xi>voc, of the same time or measure, con- 
sisting of one time or measure, temporary, < 
pfoof, single, -t- ^/xipoy, time.] Of one and tin- 
same time ; existing or happening at the same 
time; oontemporaneous; in ami., deposited, 
or apparently deposited, at the same period: 
said of organic remains. 
monochronous (mo-nok'ro-nug), a. [< Gr. /an>A- 
Xpovof, of the same time or measure : see mono- 
chronic.] In anc. pros., consisting in or equal 
to one time or mora; monosemic. 
monociliated (mon-o-sil'i-a-ted), . [< Gr. p&- 
vof, single. + NL. cilium + -at*' 1 + -ed*.] Hav- 
ing one cilium or flagellum ; uniciliate or uni- 
flagellate. 
monocle (mon'o-kl), . [= OF. monocle, one- 
eyed, F. monocle, a single eye-glass, < LL. mono- 
culus, one-eyed: see monoculous.] 1. A monocu- 
lous or one-eyed animal; a monocule. 2. A 
glass for one eye ; a single eye-glass. 
Another Irnan], with a monoefeln his eye, watched each 
new comer, his vacant and necessarily glassy stare expre**- 
ing neither present pleasure uor anticipation. 
TlK Century, XXXIII. 208. 
Monoclea (mou-o-kle'ft), n. [NL. (W. J. Hook- 
er, 1820), so called because the sporangia open 
only on one side; < Gr. u6vos, single, -f n/fif, a 
key.] A monotypic genus of cryptogamous 
plants of the class //'/< tiru; giving name to the 
order Monocleacetr. They are small plants with 
frondose thallus, and have much the appear- 
ance of Marchtiiitia. 
Monocleaceae (inon'o-kle-a'se-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(Nees von Esenbeck, 1833-8), < Monoclea + 
-ace<r.] A small order of cryptogamous plants 
of the class Hejuttictr, intermediate in position 
between the Jungermanniacfa- and the .Inllin- 
cerotaceir. The vegetative structure Is either thalloid 
or follose: the sporangium dehisces longitudinally, and 
contains elaters, bat has no columella. The order contains 
the genera Calobryum and MonncUa. 
monoclinal (mou'6-kli-nal), a. and n. [< mono- 
cline + -al.] I. a. In geol., dipping in one direc- 
tion : said of a zone of stratified rocks through- 
out which the strata all incline toward the 
same point of the compass. The term was Intro- 
duced by H. D. Rogers (1!2), and has taken the place of 
Darwin's hybrid word unidinal: thus, numocfoia/ valley 
(a ralley bounded by ridge* the strata of which all dip In 
the same direction); in"iifiinal ridge; nwnueiinal flex 
are, etc. A mnnHinal Jb xure may be regarded as a half 
of an anticlinal fold, which would have been completed 
had the flexing action not been limited to one side of the 
axis, the strata resuming their horizontal!!)- on the other 
side. 
The Echo-Cliff flexure, the Water-Pocket flexure, one of 
the grandest monoclinals of the west, and the San Rafael 
flexure, all numoeiinal flexures of imposing dimensions and 
perfect form, Capt. Dutton considers go far back in Ter 
tiary time, and possibly are pre-Tertiary. 
fantlr, Origin of Mountain Kanges, p. 25u. 
II. n. A monoclinal fold or flexure. See I. 
mpnoclinate (mon'o-kli-nat), a. [< Gr. ptvof, 
single, + K&iveiv, incline, + -a/el.] Same as 
monocline (mon'6-klin), n. [< Gr. fi6vo(, single, 
+ iMvftv, incline: see c/tne.] Same as mono- 
clinal. 
monoclinic (mon-o-klin'ik), a. [= F. IHOHU- 
clinique; < Gr. /i6voc. single, + ic)Jveiv, incline.] 
In mineral., an epithet noting that system of 
crystallization in which the crystals are re- 
ferred to three unequal axes, two of which in- 
tersect each other at an oblique angle, while 
they are at right angles to the third. See erys- 
titlimjraphy. Also monosymmetric, elinorhcinbif, 
hemiortnotypf, monocliHometric, and monoclixo- 
hedrif. 
monoclinohedric (mon-o-kli-no-hed'rik), a. [< 
Gr. p6vof, single. + K/<IMI\ ineline. + cipa. geat, 
base.] Same as moxoclinir. 
