monoclinometric 
monoclinometric (mon-o-kli-no-met'rik), a. 
[< Gr. [JLOVOS, single, + KMvear, incline, + fiirpov, 
measure.] Same as monoclinie: as, "monocli- 
nometric prisms," Frey. 
monoclinous (mon'o-kli-nus), a. [< Gr. /i6vof, 
single, + K\iv>i, bed, < Kkivtiv, incline: see 
clinic.] 1. In bot., hermaphrodite, or having 
both stamens and pistils in the same flower. 
2. In geol., monoclinal. 
Monocoelia (mon-o-se'li-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. /iwo?, single, -\-KoMa, a cavity, hollow: see 
ccelia.] Animals whose encephalocoale is sin- 
gle, neuron epaxial only, and axon unsegmented. 
The lancelet (Branchiostoma) is the only example. Sy- 
nonymous with Acrania, Cephalochordn, Leptocardii, and 
Monolocularia. Wilder, Amer. Nat., Oct., 1887, p. 914. 
monocoelian (mon-o-se'li-an), a. [< Monocoelia 
+ -an.] Having the eiicephalocoele single; 
specifically, of or pertaining to the Monoccelia. 
mono-compound (mon'o-kom"pound), . [< 
Gr. /uoVof, single, + E. compound^-.] In chem., 
a compound containing one atom of the ele- 
ment or one individual of the radical specified, 
as monochloracetie acid, which contains one 
atom of chlorin, and monophenylamine, which 
contains one molecule of phenyl. 
Monocondyla (mon-o-kon'di-la), n. pi. [NL., 
< Gr. fi6vof , single, +' KovSvAos, a knuckle, joint, 
knob: see condyle.] The Beptilia and Aves (rep- 
tiles and birds) collectively: so called from the 
single occipital condyle characteristic of these 
classes among the higher vertebrates. The 
term indicates a group exactly conterminous 
with Sauropsida. Opposed to Amphicondyla. 
monocondylar (mon-o-kon'di-lar), a. Same as 
monocondylian. 
monocondylian (mon'o-kon-diri-an), a. [As 
Monocondyla + -ian.] ' Having one occipital 
condyle, as the skull of birds, reptiles, and 
some fishes : distinguished from dicondylian. 
monocotyledon (mon-o-kot-i-le'don), n. [< Gr. 
/i6Vo?, single, + Korvfajduv, a hollow, a sucker, 
etc. : see cotyledon,"] A monocotyledonous 
plant; anendogen. See endogen, and cut un- 
der cotyledon. 
Monocotyledones (mon-o-kot-i-le'don-ez), . 
pi. [NL. (Ray, 1703), <'Gr. p6vo;, "single, + 
KOTvkriS&v, a cup-shaped cavity: see cotyledon.] 
A natural class of flowering plants, having a 
single seed-leaf or cotyledon in the embryo. 
They have generally the parts of their flowers in threes 
(not in ftves, as in dicotyledons), their earliest leaves alter- 
nate, and the veins parallel. From the structure of the 
stem, increasing by internal or endogenous growth, they 
are also called endogens. The wood of their stems occurs 
in longitudinal bundles of fibers, scattered, as in Indian 
corn, or becoming compact, as in palms. New bundles of 
fibers form between the old, not, as in dicotyledons or ex- 
ogens, in an annual external layer enveloping the stem. 
The class is divided into 34 orders, among 
which are the lily, iris, amaryllis, orchis, ba- 
nana, palm, pineapple, screwpine, arum, 
rush, sedge, and grass families. By Ben- 
tham and Hooker these are classed in seven 
groups or series; by 
others in three, the 
spadiceous, peta- 
loideous, and glu- 
maceons divisions. 
About 20,000 spe- 
cies are known, in- 
cluded in about 
1,500 genera. 
monocotyledo- 
nous (mon-o- 
kot - i - le ' don - 
us), a. [< mon- 
ocotyledon + 
-OMS.] In bot., 
having only one 
seed-lobe or 
seminal leaf. 
monocracy(mo- 
nok'ra-si), n. ; 
pi. monocracies 
(-siz). [< LGr. 
HovoKparia, sole dominion, < Gr. ,u6Vo, single, + 
Kpareiv, rule, < Kpdrof, strength.] Government 
or rule by a single person; autocracy. 
A scene of wholesale bacchanalian fraud, a posse comi- 
tatus of liars, which would disgust any man with a free 
government, and make him sigh for the monocracy of Con- 
stantinople. Sydney Smith, Ballot. (Latham.) 
monocrat (mon'6-krat), n. [Cf . MGr. fiavoKparop, 
a sole ruler ; < G^r. ffdvof, single, + Kparelv, rule, 
< uparof, strength.] 1 . One who governs alone ; 
an autocrat. 2. In U. S. hist., a name often 
applied by opponents to a member of the Fed- 
eralist party, to which monarchical tendencies 
were imputed. 
monocular (mo-nok'u-lar), a. [= F. monoeu- 
laire, < LL. monoculus, one-eyed : see monocu- 
Monocotyledoiious Embryo. 
I. Grain of wheat (Triticitm vulgare), 
longitudinal section, showing the embryo 
and the endosperm {End}. 2. Germinating 
plantlet of Indian corn (the test of the seed 
and the endosperm removed to show the 
cotyledon) : Cot, cotyledon ; R, the primary 
root ; r, a secondary root. 
3838 
lous.] 1. Having only one eye. Also moiioctt- 
late. 2. Of or referring to one eye or vision 
with one eye ; suited or intended for the use of 
one eye only Monocular microscope. See micro- 
scope. 
monocularly (mo-nok'u-lar-li), adr. By means 
of one eye ; so as to be seen by one eye only. 
No one who has only thus worked monocularly can ap- 
preciate the guidance derivable from binocular vision. 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 36. 
monoculate (mo-nok'u-lat), a. [As monocu- 
l(ar) + -ate 1 .'] Same as monocular, 1. 
monocule (mon'o-kul), n. [< ML. Monoculus.] 
A member of the genus Monoculus. 
monoculite (mo-nok'u-lit), n. [< LL. monocu- 
lus, one-eyed (see monoculous), + -ite 2 .] A fos- 
sil animal that appears to have but one eye. 
monoculous (mo-nok'u-lus), a. [= OF. mono- 
cle, monocule = Sp. monoculo = It. monocolo, < 
LL. monoculus, one-eyed, < Gr. p.6vos, single, + 
L. oculus, eye : see oculvs. Cf . monocle.'] One- 
eyed; monocular. 
Of. Knox was the monoculous Waterloo surgeon, with 
whom I remember breakfasting. 
0. W. Holmes, The Atlantic, LIX. 638. 
Monoculus (mo-nok'u-lus), n. [NL., < LL. 
monoculus, one-eyed: see monocutous.] 1. An 
old and disused genus of the Linnean class In- 
secta and order Aptera, having or seeming to 
have only one eye that is, two eyes coalesced 
in one. These "apterous insects " were entomostracous 
crustaceans. Monoculus and some other entomostracans 
were afterward made by Latreille his first order of Ento- 
mostraca, called Branchiopoda and divided into two prin- 
cipal sections, Lophyropoda and Phyllopoda. 
2. [I. e.] A one-eyed animal; a monoeule or 
monocle. 3. [I. c.] A bandage for one eye. 
monocycle (mon'o-si-kl), n. [< Gr. /iowkw/lof, 
having but one wheel or circle, < fiovoq , single, + 
KVI&OZ, a circle, a wheel : seec^cte 1 .] A vehicle 
with one wheel: used figuratively in the quota- 
tion. [Bare.] 
Nay, a not unfrequent "penance " consists in tying the 
hands to the ankles, and turning round and round like a 
cart-wheel. Near Goruckpoor the train of Lord Dalhousie 
met dozens of these animated monocycles. 
Pop. Sci. Mo., XXII. 263. 
Monocyclia (mon-o-sik'li-a), n.pl. [NL., < Gr. 
fj.6vof, single, + KVKAOC, a circle : see e/cfei.] A 
division of holothurians containing those in 
which the tentacles are in one circle or series : 
correlated with Heterocyelia. 
monocyclic (mon-o-sik'lik), a. [< Gr. /tov6Kvidof, 
having but one circle : see monocycle and -M;.] 
1 . Disposed in a single whorl or circular series, 
as the stamens in many flowers. 2. Of or per- 
taining to the Monocyclia. 
monocyst (mon'o-sist), . [< Gr. p6vt>f, single, 
+ Kvanf, a bag, pouch.] A tumor consisting 
of only one cyst. Thomas, Med. Diet. 
Monocystaceae (mon'6-sis-ta'se-e), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. [i6vof, single, + Kvarif, a bladder, + -acece.] 
A family of fungi of the order Monadinece. They 
are moisture-loving plants, occurring on living Algae and 
Protozoa, with the organs of reproduction reduced to the 
form of sporocysts. The family contains 3 genera, 
monocysted (mon'o-sis-ted), a. [As monocyst 
+ -ed*.] Having a single cyst ; monocystidean. 
The developmental history of the monocysted grega- 
rines. T. GUI, Smithsonian Report, 1885. 
monocystic (mon-o-sis'tik), a. [< monocyst + 
-4c. ] Consisting of a single cyst, as a gregarine. 
Encyc. Brit., XIX. 853. 
Monbcystidea (mon'o-sis-tid'e-a), n. pi. [NL., 
< Monocystis + -4dea."] A division of Grega- 
rinida, containing those gregarines whose body 
consists of a single sac: contrasted with Di- 
cystidea. Also Monocystidce, as a family. 
monocystidean (mon*o-sis-tid'e-an), a. Mon- 
ocysted ; of or pertaining to the Monocystidea. 
Monocystis (mon-o-sis'tis), n. [NL., < Gr. /t6- 
vof, single, + KVOTIC., a bag, pouch.] The typical 
genus of Monocystidce. M. agilis is found in the 
male organ of the earthworm. 
Monocyttaria (mon"o-si-ta'ri-a), n.pl. [NL., 
< Gr. [i6vof, single, + KVTT&PIOV, dim. of KvTrapof, 
a hollow, a cell, < KVTOC, a hollow.] A division 
of Eadiolaria, containing those radiolarians 
which have a single central capsule: distin- 
guished from Polycyttaria. Most radiolarians 
are of this character. Also called Monozoa. 
monocyttarian (mon"o-si-ta'ri-an), a. and n. 
[As Monocyttaria + -an.] I. a. Having a sin- 
gle central capsule, as a radiolarian ; of or per- 
taining to the Monocyttaria. Also monozoan. 
II. n. A radiolarian whose central capsule 
is single. 
monodactyl, monodactyle (mon-6-dak'til), a. 
Same as motiodaetylous. Xature, XXXVIII. 623. 
Monodonta 
monodactylic (mon"o-dak-til'ik), a. [< Gr. 
fiovof, single, + da/cru/'.op, a finger, a dactyl: see 
dactylic.'] In anc. pros., containing but one 
dactyl: noting certain logaoedic meters. See 
monanapestic. 
monodactylous (mon-o-dak'ti-lus), a. [= F. 
monodactyle = Pg. monodactylo, < Gr. /lovoSctKTv- 
/".oc, one-fingered, < fiovof, single, + danTv/.os, a 
finger or toe: see dactyl.] 1. Having but one 
finger or toe; unidigitate. 2. In Crustacea, 
subchelate : applied to the subcheliform limbs 
of crustaceans and arachnidans, in which there 
is no ppposable finger to convert the terminal 
hook into a pincer-like claw or chela proper. 
monodelph (mon'o-delf), n. [< Gr. /i6vof, sin- 
gle, 4- 6etyv, womb.] A monodelphian mam- 
mal. 
Monodelphia (mon-o-del'fi-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. fiavof, single, + fstyvf, womb.] The highest 
of three primary divisions of mammals, or 
subclasses of the class Mammalia (the other 
two being Didelphia and OrnithodelpMa) ; pla- 
cental mammals, or Placentalia. The subclass con- 
tains all mammals except the marsupials and monotremes. 
The young are retained in the womb by means of placental 
attachment till they are well developed ; the scrotum is 
never in front of the penis ; and the uterus and vagina are 
never, paired. The brain has a well-developed corpus cal- 
losum, and comparatively small anterior commissure. 
The Monodelphia are variously divided into an upper and 
a lower series, Educabttia or Megatfhena and IneducoMlia 
or Microsthena ; or into Archencephala (man alone), Gy- 
rencephala, and. Lixseneephala ; or directly into a number 
of orders. The orders of living monodelphians now usu- 
ally adopted are eleven : Primates, Ferce, Ungulata, Hy- 
racoidea, Proloscidea, Sirenia, and Cete, of the upper se- 
ries ; and Chiroptera, Insectivora, Glireg (or Rodentia), and 
Bruta (or Edentata), of the lower series. The families are 
about 120 in number. EutheriaisusynonyTa. Also, wrongly, 
Afonadelphia. 
monodelphian (mon-o-del'fi-an), a. and n. [< 
Monodelphia + -an.] I. a. Saving the female 
generative passages single; specifically, per- 
taining to the Monodelphia, or having their 
characters. 
II. n. A monodelphian mammal. 
monodelphic (mon-o-del'fik), a. [< monodelph 
+ -ic.] Same as monodelphian. 
monodelphous (mon-o-del'fus), a. Same as 
monodelphian. 
monodia (mo-no'di-a), n. Same as monody. 
monodic (mo-nod'ik), a. [= It. monodico, < Gr. 
ftovyStKoc,, < fiovutla, a monody : see monody.] In 
music, pertaining to monody or homophony; 
homophonic. Also monophonic Monodic school 
or style, that style of composition which supplanted the 
purely polyphonic or contrapuntal about 1600. 
monodical (mo-nod'i-kal), a. [< monodic + -al.] 
Same as monodic. 
monodically (mo-nod 'i-kal-i), adv. In a mo- 
nodic manner. 
monodichlamydeous (mon-o-di-kla-mid'e-us) . 
a. [< Gr. /i6vof, single, + <5(-, two, + ^Aa^if (^/la- 
//i!-), a cloak.] In lot., having indifferently 
either a calyx only, or both calyx and corolla. 
Lindley. [Not now in use.] 
monodimetric (mon"o-dl-met'rik), a. [< Gr. 
fidvof, single, + iif, it-, twice, + perpav, measure : 
see dimetric.] In crystal., same as dimetric or 
tetragonal. 
monodist (mon'o-dist), . [= Pg. monodista; 
as monod-y + -ist.] One who composes or sings 
in a monodic style, as opposed to the polyphon- 
ic style: opposed to contrapuntist. 
Monodon (mon'o-don), n. [NL., < Gr. //ovodot'f 
(/Mvodovr-), having but one tooth: see mono- 
dont.~\ 1. A genus of delphinoid odontocete 
cetaceans, containing only the narwhal, M. mo- 
noceros, distinguished by its unique dentition. 
With the exception of some rudimentary and irregular 
teeth, the whole dentition consists of a pair of teeth lying 
Skull and Tusk of Male Narwhal {Monodon monoccros). 
horizontally in the jaw ; in the female they remain em- 
bedded and cemented in their sockets, but in the male 
the left one grows into an enormous tusk, like a horn pro- 
jecting from the forehead, sometimes half as long as the 
entire animal, straight, slender, cylindrical, but spirally 
grooved sinistrally, and thus resembling a rope. The ver- 
tebrse are 50 in number, the ribs 11 ; the cervicals are nor- 
mally free, and there is no dorsal fin. See cut under nar- 
ivhal. 
2. In conch., same as Monodonta. Cuvier,l817. 
monodont(mon'o-dont),a. [<Gr. /iov6dov<; (fiovo- 
&OVT-), having but one tooth, < fioi'of, single, + 
More = E. tooth.'] Having only one tooth. 
Monodonta (mon-o-don'ta), n. [NL., < Gr. 
fiov6dovf ([tovodovT-), having but one tooth: see 
monodont.] A genus of top-shells of the family 
Trochida', having a toothed eohimella: named 
