musculation 
way or mode in which a part is provided with 
muscles ; the number, kind, and disposition of 
the muscles of a part or organ. 
It is not by Touch, Taste, Hearing, Smelling, Musculation, 
etc., that we can explain astronomical, physical, chemical, 
and biological phenomena. 
G. II. Lewes, Probs. of Life anil Mind, II. 446. 
=Syn. Musadation, Musculature. M mentation is more 
frequent in merely descriptive anatomy, with reference to 
the attachments or other topographical disposition of in- 
dividual muscles; musculature is the more comprehensive 
morphological or embryological term. 
musculature (mus'ku-la-tur), n. [= Sp. muscu- 
latura; as L. musculiis, muscle, + -ature.] The 
furnishing or providing of a living organism with 
muscles, or the method or means by which mus- 
cles are formed ; also, the muscular tissue, sys- 
tem, or apparatus itself, considered with ref- 
erence to its origin, development, and subse- 
quent disposition ; musculation. 
The musculature of the right side of the larynx is still 
free, and, when acting, a crater-like cavity is seen, lined 
with granulations. Lancet, No. 3436, p. 12. 
Dermal musculature. See dermal. = Syn. See mug- 
culation. 
musculet (mus'kul), n. [< L. musculiis, muscle : 
see muscle 1 ."] A muscle. 
musculi, . Plural of musculus, 1. 
musculine (mus'ku-lin), n. [< L. musculus, mus- 
cle (see muscle 1 ), '+ -ine 2 .] The animal basis of 
muscle ; the chemical substance of which mus- 
cle chiefly consists. See muscle-plasma and 
myosin. 
miisculite (mus'ku-llt), n. [< L. musculus, mussel 
(see mussel), + -jfe 2 .] A fossil shell like a mus- 
sel or Mytilus, or supposed to be of that kind. 
musculocutaneoUS (mus // ku-16-ku-ta'ne-us), a. 
[< L. musculus, muscle, + cutis, skin: see cu- 
taneous. ] Muscular and cutaneous : specifically 
said of certain nerves which, after giving off 
motor branches to muscles, terminate in the 
skin as sensory nerves. The superior and inferior 
musculocutaneous nerves of the abdomen are two branches 
of the lumbar plexus, more frequently called the Uiohy- 
poffastric and ilio-inguinal. (See these words.) The mus- 
culocutaueous nerve in the arm is a large branch of the 
brachial plexus, which supplies the coracobrachialis and 
biceps muscles, and in part the brachialis anticus, and then 
famines in the skin of the forearm. That of the leg is one 
of two main branches of the external popliteal or peroneal 
nerve, which supplies the peronei muscles and then rami- 
fies in the skin of the lower leg and foot. 
musculopallial (mus"ku-16-pari-al), a. [< L. 
musculiis, muscle, + NL. pallium: see pallial.~\ 
Supplying or distributed to muscles and to the 
mantle or pallium of a mollusk: specifically 
applied to the outer of two nerves given off 
from the visceral ganglion, the other being 
the splanchnic nerve. Trans. Soy. Soc. Edin., 
XXXII. 628. 
musculophrenic (mus"ku-16-fre'nik), a. [< L. 
musculus, muscle, + Gr. fypfiv, diaphragm.] Per- 
taining to the muscular tissue of the diaphragm : 
specifically applied to a terminal branch of the 
internal mammary artery, which supplies the 
diaphragm and lower intercostal muscles. 
musculosity (mus-ku-los'i-ti), n. [= F. mus- 
culosite, < L. as if *nmsculosita(t-)s, < muscu- 
losus, musculous : see musculous.] The quality 
of being musculous ; muscularity. 
musculospiral (mus // ku-16-spi'ral), a. [< L. mus- 
culiis, muscle, + spira, spire: seespzraZ.] Inner- 
vating a muscle and winding spirally around a 
bone : specifically applied to the largest branch 
of the brachial plexus, which winds around the 
humerusin company with the superior prof unda 
artery, and supplies the muscles of the back 
part of the arm and forearm and the skin of 
the same part. 
musculous (mus'ku-lus), a. [= F. mwsculeux 
= Sp. Pg. musculosb = It. muscoloso, musculoso, 
< L. musculosus, muscular, fleshy, < musculus, 
a muscle: see muscle 1 .'] 1. Pertaining to a 
muscle or to muscles. 
The uvous coat or iris of the eye hath a musculous power, 
and can dilute and contract that round hole in it called 
the pupil or sight of the eye. Ray, Works of Creation, ii. 
2. Full of muscles; hence, strong; sinewy. 
[Obsolescent.] 
He had a tongue so musculous and subtile that he could 
twist it up into his nose. Swift, Tale of a Tub, xl. 
musculus (mus'ku-lus), n. [L. : see muscle 1 .] 
1. PI. musculi (-11). Inoi.,a muscle. Muscles 
were all formerly named in Latin, musculus being express- 
ed or implied in their names, but few retain this designa- 
tion, though the Latin form of the qualifying word or words 
may remain, as pectoralis, ylutoeus, etc. 
2. [cap.] In 2067.: (a) A genus of mice, of which 
Mus musculus is the type : same as Mits. Kaft- 
nesque, 1818. (b) A term in use among the 
conchologists of the seventeenth and eigh- 
teenth centuries for various bivalve shells, as 
3906 
Panopa-n, Uiiionidce, Cyrenidce, Mytilidw, etc. 
(c) A genus of brachiopods of the family Tere- 
bratulidfi'. Qucnstedt, 1871. 
Mus. Doc. An abbreviation of Musical Doctor 
(Doctor of Music). 
muse 1 (muz), v. ; pret. and pp. mused, ppr. mus- 
ing. [< ME. musen, gaze about, ponder, won- 
der, muse, < OF. muser (= Pr. OSp. musar = 
It. musare), ponder, muse, dream, F. loiter, 
trifle, dawdle ; origin uncertain ; prob. same as 
It. mussare, mutter, mumble, F. dial. (Walloon) 
muser, hum, buzz, < ML. musare, mussare, L. 
mussare, murmur, mutter, be in uncertainty ; cf . 
Norw. musa, mussa, mysja, mutter, whisper; Or. 
uv&iv, mutter; lilt., like mum!, mumble, mutter, 
etc., imitative of a low indistinct sound. An- 
other etymology (Diez, Skeat) rests on It. mu- 
sare, 'gape about,' explained as orig. 'sniff as 
a dog v (cf. F. muser, begin to rut), < OF. 
"muse (= It. muso), the mouth, muzzle, snout 
(whence dim. musel, mosel, > ME. mosel, > E. 
muzzle), < L. morsus, bite, ML. also muzzle, 
snout, beak: see muzzle, morse"*. Forthe change 
of L. morsus to OF. "muse (mus), cf. OF. jus, < 
L. deorsum, OF. sus, < L. seorsum. But the Pr. 
OSp. and It. forms, in this view, must be bor- 
rowed from the OF., a thing in itself highly 
improbable at a date so early, and sufficient, 
with the improbability of such a transfer of 
notions, to disprove this explanation. In ano- 
ther view, also improbable, the word is < OHG. 
muozen, be idle, muoza, G. musze, idleness, lei- 
sure. Hence amuse.] I. intrans. 1. To pon- 
der; meditate; reflect continuously and in si- 
lence ; be in a brown study. 
Right hertely she hym loved, and mused here-on so 
moche that she was sore troubled, and fayn wolde she haue 
hym to be her lorde. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), ii. 229. 
Taking my lonely winding walk, I mus'd, 
And held accustom'd conference with my heart. 
Cowper, The Four Ages. 
And the young girl mused beside the well, 
Till the rain on the unraked clover fell. 
Whittier, Maud Muller. 
2f. To be astonished ; be surprised ; wonder. 
I muse my Lord of Gloucester is not come ; 
'Tis not his wont to be the hindmost man. 
SAafr.,2Hen. VI., lit. 1.1. 
Yonder is ther an host of men, 
I musen who they bee. 
Captain Car (Child's Ballads, VI. 150). 
This may be a sufficient reason to us why we need no 
longer muse at the spreading of many idle traditions so 
soon after the Apostles. Milton, Prelatical Episcopacy. 
3. To gaze meditatively. 
As y stood musynge on the moone. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 148. 
Then came the fine Gawain and wonder'd at her, 
And Lancelot later came and mused at her. 
Tennyson, Lancelot and Elaine. 
= Syn. 1. Meditate, reflect, etc. (see list under contem- 
plate), cogitate, ruminate, brood. 
II. trans. 1. To meditate on; think of re- 
flectively. 
Thou knowist all that hertes thenke or muse, 
All thynges thou seest in thy presence. 
Bom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), 1. 6441. 
Come, then, expressive Silence, muse His praise. 
Thomson, Hymn, 1. 118. 
2f. To wonder at. 
muse 1 (muz), n. [< ME. muse, < OF. muse, muze, 
musing, amusement, < muser, muse: see muse 1 , 
v.] 1 . The act of musing ; meditation ; reverie ; 
absent-mindedness; contemplative thought. 
Thys king in muses ther was full strongly 
In the noblesse of this castell alway, 
That almost he slepte, but not a-slepe fully. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), 1. 5511. 
2. Wonder; surprise. 
This dedication . . . may haply make your Honors muse; 
well fare that dedication that may excite your muse. 
Florio, It. Diet. (1598), Ep. Ded., p. [3]. 
He ... was lill'd 
With admiration and deep muse, to hear 
Of things so high and strange. 
Milton, P. L., vii. 52. 
At or In a muse, in doubt or hesitation. 
Which euent beeing so straunge, I had rather leaue 
them in a muse what it should be, then in a maze in telling 
what it was. Lyly, Euphues, Anat. of Wit, p. 104. 
For the dnke and our fleet, we are now all at a muse what 
should become of them. 
Court and Times of Charles II., I. 251. 
Muse 2 (muz), n. [< OF. muse, F. muse = Pr. Sp. 
Pg. It. musa = D. muze = G. muse = Sw. Dan. 
miixf, < L. musa, < Gr. fiovaa, ^Eolic fjotaa, Doric 
fj.aaa, Laconian //ua or fiiid, a Muse (see def. 1), 
hence also music, song, eloquence, in pi. arts, 
accomplishments, and in general fitness, pro- 
priety; prob. contr. of *uaovaa (reg. contr.,uwoa), 
fern. ppr. of *udetv, a defective verb (perf. //e- 
museography 
//on, part. ficuaac, pres. mid. /lanffai), strive af- 
ter, seek after, attempt, long for, desire eager- 
ly, covet, etc. The lit. meaning of uovua is 
sometimes given as ' inventress ' (as ancient 
writers assumed), from the sense 'invent' in- 
ferred from the sense ' seek after'; but the term 
more prob. referred to the emotion or passion, 
the "fine frenzy," implied in the verb in the 
usual sense ' strive after' (////auf, excited), and 
in its derivatives, among which are counted 
luuveaOtu, be in a frenzy, fiavia, frenzy, madness, 
pdvTir, a seer, prophet, etc.: see mania, Mantis. 
Hence museum, music, mosaic 1 , etc.] 1. In Gr. 
myth., one of the daughters of Zeus and Mne- 
mosyne, who according to the earliest writers 
were goddesses of memory, then inspiring god- 
desses of song, and according to later ideas di- 
vinities presiding over the different kinds of po- 
etry, and over the sciences and arts, while at the 
same time having as their especial province 
springs and limpid streams. Their number appears 
in the Homeric poems not to be fixed; later it seems to have 
been put at three, but afterward they are always spoken of 
as nine : Clio, the Muse of heroic exploits, or of history ; 
Euterpe, of Dionysiac music and the double flute ; Thalia, 
of gaiety, pastoral life, and comedy ; Melpomene, of song 
and harmony, and of tragedy ; Terpsichore, of choral dance 
and song; Erato, of erotic poetry and the lyre ; Polymnia 
or Polyhymnia, of the inspired and stately hymn ; Urania, 
of astronomical and other celestial phenomena ; and Cal- 
liope, the chief 'of the Muses, of poetic inspiration, of elo- 
quence, and of heroic or epic poetry. Tne Muses were 
intimately associated in legend and in art with Apollo, 
who, as the chief guardian and leader of their company, 
was called Musagetet. 
In this city [Cremona] did that famous Poet (Virgil] con- 
secrate himself to the M uses. Coryat, Crudities, I. 140. 
Hence 2. [cap. or I. c.] An inspiring power ; 
poetic inspiration : often spoken of and apos- 
trophized by poets as a goddess. 
O for a Muse of fire, that would ascend 
The brightest heaven of invention 1 
Shak., Hen. V., i., Prol. 
Of Man's first disobedience, and the fruit 
Of that forbidden tree, whose mortal taste 
Brought death into the world, and all our woe, . . . 
Sing, heavenly Muse. Milton, P. L., i. 6. 
3. A poet; a bard. [Bare.] 
So may some gentle Muse 
With lucky words favour my destined urn; 
And, as he passes, turn 
And bid fair peace be to my sable shroud. 
Milton, Lycidas, 1. 19. 
muse 3 (mus), n. [< OF. musse, a little hole or 
corner to hide things in, < musser, hide: see 
miche 1 ,mooch,moucfi.] 1. An opening in a fence 
through which a hare or other game is accus- 
tomed to' pass. Also muset. 
As when a crew of gallants watch the wild muse of a Bore, 
Their dogs put in full crie, he rusheth on before. 
Chapman, Iliad, xi. 368. (Nares.) 
The old prouerbe . . . " 'Tis as hard to find a hare with- 
out a muse as a woman without a scuse." 
Greene, Thieves Falling Out (Harl. Misc., VIII. 387). 
(Nareg.) 
Like to an hunter skilfull in marking the secret tracts 
and muces of wild beasts, [he] enclosed many a man within 
his lamentable net and toyle. 
Holland, tr. of Ammianus Marcellinus (1609). (Nares.) 
2f. A loophole ; a means of escape. 
For these words still left a muse for the people to escape. 
N. Bacon. 
3. The mouthpiece or wind-pipe of a bagpipe. 
Also written smuse. 
mused (muzd), a. [< muse 1 + -ed 2 .] Overcome 
with liquor; bemused; muzzy. 
Head waiter honour'd by the guest, 
Half-mused, or reeling ripe. 
Tennyson, Will Waterproof. 
museful (muz'ful), a. [< muse 1 , n., + -ful.'\ 
Thinking deeply or closely; thoughtful. Dry den. 
musefully (muz'ful-i), adv. In a museful man- 
ner; thoughtfully. 
muselt, n,. An obsolete variant of muzzle. 
museless (muz'les), . [< Muse 2 , n., + -less.] 
Without a Muse; disregarding the power of 
poetry. 
Museless and unbookish they [the Spartans] were, mind- 
ing nought but the feats of Warre. 
Milton, Areopagitica (Clarendon Press), p. 7. 
musenna, See mesenna. 
museographer (mu-ze-og'ra-fer), n. [< mtiae- 
oi/miili-y + -er 1 ,] Same as museogrofnist. 
museographist (mu-ze-og'ra-fist), . [< muse- 
ograpn-y + -is/.] One who describes or classi- 
fies the objects in a museum. Also musaeog- 
mi>hit<t. [Recent.] 
Most of the naturalists and museoffraphtetshuve included 
shells in tlu'ir works. 
Mendes da Costa, Elements of Conchology, p. 57. 
museography (iiiu-ze-og'ra-fi), w. [< Gr. ^ovae'i- 
ov, a museum, + -ypafyia, < ypajeiv, write.] The 
