Myiagrinse 
Myiagrinae (ini'i-ii-gri'ne), H. pi. [NL., < .)///- 
iagra + -imr.'] A subfamily of Mtuoieagida, 
typified by the genus Mi/ini/rn, named by Caba- 
uis in 1850. 
MyiarchUB (mi-i-iir'kns), . [NL., < Gr. pvia. 
a lly, + apxAf, a loader, chief, commander.] 
A notable genus of tyrant flycatchers of the 
family Tyrtinnitlii: U is attypically of olivaceous 
i>li >nition with yellow belly and dunky wings and tail, 
lioth varied with rufous tints, and no colored patch on the 
rniwn, which is slightly crested. There arc numerous 
species, inhabiting America from (,'anada to I'araguay, 
known a ash-throated or rufous tailed flycatchers. The 
best-known U the common great crested flycatcher of the 
United States, M. crinitu*, which Is abundant in woodlands, 
is of quarrelsome disposition, has a loud harsh voice, and 
habitually uses snake-skins in its nest. M. cinrmtctiu is 
a similar species of the southwestern parts of the United 
States. M. lairrenci Is a much smaller species of Texas 
and Mexico. I/, validiu inhabits the West Indies, and 
there are many others In subtropical and tropical Amrricu. 
Myidae(mi'i-de),n.;>/. NL.,<.a/>ai + -!</.] A 
,.. .,. -. 
family of dimyarian bivalves, typified by the 
genus Mya, to which various limits have been 
assigned. A most restricted, it comprises those which 
have the mantle open in front only for the foot and ex- 
tended backward into a sheath covered by a rugous epi- 
dermis for the siphons, which are elongate and united to 
3919 
n hlf, rn>/* nnd xtiiuf-ratf*, hut they are not to be conf<>mi<l- 
ed with true sting rays of the family TTyyonida. (6) In 
i.iiHthn - MM< in u family of Batindei, containing Mftti"- 
batidix (a) and Ceplialiqjteridae. 
myliobatine (mil-i-ob'a-tin), a. Pertaining to 
the tfyUobattda. or having their characters. 
Myliobatis (rail-i-ob'a-tis), u. [NL., < Gr. 
/w'/ii>f (so. ?J8of, a stone), a millstone (< pi>hi, 
mill, millstone: sr.> mil/l), + .lurir, a Hat flsh, 
the skate.] The typical genus of Myliobatida:, 
with tessellated teeth adapted for grinding, 
whence the name. M. aquila is an example. 
See cut under eagle-ray. 
myliobatoid (mil-i-ob'a-toid), . and n. I. a. 
Pertaining to the Myliobatida;, or having their 
cliaracters. 
II. H. One of the Mijliolxitiiln . 
myllet, An obsolete spelling of mill' 1 . 
mylnert, . An obsolete form of miller. 
Mylodon (mi'lo-don), n. [NL., < MGr. pv).66ovf 
(-oSavT-), a molar tooth, a grinder, < Gr. /ti)->i, a 
mill, + odotf (Moir-) = E. tooth.] 1. Agenusof 
gigantic extinct sloths from the Pleistocene, 
myodynamia 
mynt, /'/ <i. A Middle Kiij_'lis|] form of miue 1 , my. 
Mya trurtcata. 
near their ends ; the foot small and linguiform ; the two 
pairs of branchiae elongated, but not extended into the 
branchial siphon : the shell inequivalve, having subme- 
dian umbones, gaping at the ends, its left or smallest valve 
Provided with a flattened cartilage process; and the pal- 
al sinus deeply excavated. It Is a group of generally 
large bivalves, some of which are of considerable econom- 
ical value. They are known as c&#, dam*, gapiny'dain*, 
and yapers. Also Myadce, ilyaeea. 
Myiodioctes (mi"i-o-di-ok'tez), n. [NL., < Gr. 
/iwo, a fly, -t- SiiiK-nK, a pursuer: see LHoctes."] A 
genus of fly-catching warblers of the family Syl- 
Wlbon's black. tapped Fly-catchme Warbler (.Uyurtuxta 
tusilliu]. 
vicolidce and the subfamily Setopliagince, founded 
by Audnbon in 1839. Three species are well-known 
and abundant birds of the United States. These are the 
hooded warbler, M. initratux ; the Canadian, At. canadeiun#; 
and Wilson's black-capped, M.pwnUui. 
myitis (mi-i'tis), . [NL., < Gr. /tiif, a muscle, 
T -id's.] In pathol., inflammation of a muscle. 
Also, improperly, myositia. 
mylt, n. An obsolete spelling of iwi'H 1 . 
Mylabridse (mi-lab'ri-de), . pi. [NL. (Leach, 
1817), < Mylabris + -iXVu.] A family of blister- 
beetles named from the genus Mylabris, now 
usually merged in Cantharidir. 
Mylabris (mil'a-bris), . [NL. (Fabricius, 
Ii75), < Gr. ftvfaftpif, also fivAaypif and ftvMucplf, 
a kind of cockroach in mills and bakehouses, 
cf. [tvfaiipif, a millstone, < piifai, a mill.] A ge- 
nus of blister-flies of the family Cantharidir, or 
the type of a family Mi/labridtr. There are several 
species possessing vesicatory properties, and used as can- 
tnarides, such as M. ctcAorn and M. indica. The genus is of 
great extent, with over 250 species, almost confined to the 
Old World, and distributed through Europe, Asia, and Af- 
rica. M chrysimts and '/. dimidiata are the only geo- 
graphical exceptions, and there is some doubt about thcir 
position. The elytra cover the abdomen, the mandibles 
are short, and the antenntc, inserted above the epistomal 
suture, are gradually enlarged toward the tip. These bee- 
tles are often of large size, and the coloration is yellow 
bands or spots on a black ground, or vice versa. They fly 
in the bright sunlight and frequent low ground. 
mylet, A Middle English form of mill . 
Myliobatidse (mil'i-o-bat'i-de), . pi. [NL., < 
Milliobitti.t + -/die.] ' A family of ray-like se- 
lachians, typified by the genus Myliobatis; the 
eagle-rays or whin-ravs. (n) A family of masticn- 
rous rays with a very broad disk formed by the expanded 
pectoral (Ins, cephalic flns developed at the end of the 
snout, and Intanooktiw hex:<Koi]iil teeth, set like a pavt*- 
ment in the jus, About m species are known, chieliy 
from tropical seas. Their broad pointed pectoral-like 
wings give tlu'ln thf iKiuiv ,-n<if,' r<ni, nnd from theuhip- 
llke tail armed with :i sniue near the base they arc called 
Skeleton of Mylodon. 
having teeth more or less cylindrical and in 
structure resembling those of the extant sloths. 
M. rotwstus is a well-known species from South America. 
The animal was large enough to browse on the foliage of 
trees. 
2. [1. c.] An animal of this genus. 
mylodont (mi'lo-dont), u. and n. I. a. Per- 
taining to the mylodons, or having their char- 
acters. 
H. n. A mylodon. 
myloglossus (mi-lo-glos'us), M. ; pi. myloglogi 
(-1). [NL., < Gr. fiiifji, a mill, a molar tooth, a 
grinder, + y).i>aaa, the tongue.] A muscular 
slip accessory to the styloglossus, passing from 
the angle of the jaw or the styloinaxillary liga- 
ment to the tongue. 
mylohyoid (im-16-hi'oid), a. and . [< Gr. 
ui'ty, a mill, a molar tooth, + E. hyoid.] I. a. 
Pertaining to the molar teeth and to the hyoid 
bone. Mylohyoid artery, a branch of the Inferior 
dental, which runs In the mylohyofd groove and ramifies 
nnder the mylohyoid muscle. Mylohyoid groove and 
ridge, a groove and a ridge along the Inner surface of the 
lower jaw-bone In the course of the mylohyoid vessels and 
nerve. Mylohyoid muscle, the mylohyoid. See cnt 
under mtuwte. Mylohyoid nerve, a branch of the Infe- 
rior dental accompanying the artery of the same name 
to the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the di- 
gastric. 
H. n. The mylohyoideus, or the mylohyoid 
muscle, which extends between the mylohyoid 
ridge on the under jaw-bone and the hyoid 
bone, forming much of the muscular floor of 
the mouth. 
mylohyqidean (mi*16-hi-oi'de-an), a. Same as 
nii//iiliyoid. 
mylohyoideus (mi'lo-hi-oi'de-us), .; pi. my- 
lohyoidei (-1). [NL. : see myloliyoid.] The my- 
lohyoid muscle. 
Mymar (mi'mar), n. [NL., < Gr. pvfiap, a dial, 
form of uufiap,toT fiuuof, blame, Momus: see Mo- 
*.] The typical genus of Mymarintp. They 
have the tarsi four-jointed, the abdomen distinctly petio- 
late, and the anterior wings widened only at the tip. Two 
species are known, both European. Currw, 1832. 
Mymaridae (mi-mar'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < My- 
iinir + -iilir.~\ The Mi/niarime rated as a fam- 
ily. Halii1<iy,1i > 40. Also Mymares, Myniarides, 
Miinnirili ". 
Mymarinse (mi-ma-ri'ne), n. pi. [NL., < My- 
iinir + -incr.'] A subfamily of the hymenopter- 
ous family Proctotrynida;, containing some of 
the smallest insects known. The front tibia? have 
but one spur, the mandibles are dentate, the antenna: rise 
above the middle of the face, and the very delicate hind 
wings are almost linear. These insects are nil parasitic, 
many of them on bark-lice. One of the smallest, Alaptus 
exeina, measures 0.17 millimeter in length. 
mymarine (mi'ma-rin), a. and 11. I. a. Pertain- 
ing to the My inn riiKi; or having their characters. 
II. . A member of the Mymarince. 
myna, mynah, ". See ii;m-'. 
mynchent, . Sec miiiche*. 
myncheryt, . See ,/</,./,/. 
myndet, An obsolete spelling of mind 1 . 
mynet. An obsolete form of iwiiiel , miiufl. 
myngt, ''. An obsolete fonn of min</l, mi</'-'. 
mynheer (inin-liar'), [< D- wy hcer (= U. 
mfin herr), sir, lit. 'my lord': see my and lifrr.] 
1. The ordinary title of address among Dutch- 
men, corresponding to niri'ii hi-rr ainonc Her- 
mans, and to sir or Mr. in English use. Hence 
2. A Dutchman. [Colloq.] 
mynnet, a. A Middle English form of wiin 2 . 
mynourt, . A Middle English form of miner. 
mynstert, mynstret, . Middle English forms 
of minxler. 
mynstralt, mynstralciet, etc. Middle English 
forms of niiiixlri I. atO. 
myntt. An obsolete form of mint 1 , mint 2 , mint 3 . 
myo-atrophy (mi-o-at'ro-fi), n. [< Gr. five, mus- 
cle, + 'irixxfta, atrophy: see atrophy.] Miiwn- 
lar atrophy. 
myoblast (mi'o-blast), n. [< Gr. fiif, muscle, 
+ /J/aorof, gerin.] A cell which gives rise to 
muscular fibers ; the formative cell-element of 
muscular tissue. Myoblasts are sometimes known by 
the name of neurftmtucular cell*; and when in sheets or 
layers they are called rnuxcle-cpttlielittin. A myoblast may 
be either in parlor wholly converted intoa muscular HbrlL 
myoblastic (mi-o-blas'tik), . [< myoblast + 
-ic.] Of or pertaining to myoblasts, or to the 
process of forming muscle from myoblasts. 
myocardial (mi-o-kar'di-al), . [< myocardi(uin ) 
P -/.] Of or pertaining to the myocardium. 
myocarditis (mi'o-kar-di'tis), n. [NL., < myu- 
cnrdium + -<!.] ' In pathol., inflammation of 
the myocardium. 
myocardium (ml-o-kiir'di-um), n. [NL., < Gr. 
fivf, muscle, + Kabila = E. heart.'} The muscu- 
lar substance of the heart. 
myocomma (mi-6-kom'a), . ; pi. myocommata 
(-a-tft). [NL., < Gr. t)f (//wif), a muscle, + KHU/IH. 
that which is cut off: see comma.'] A primitive 
division of myoblasts or muscle-epithelium 
into longitudinal series corresponding to the 
segments of the axis of the body ; a muscular 
metamere; a myotome. Thus, one of the serial 
flakes of the flesh of a flsh, very obvious when the fish Is 
baked or boiled, is a myocomma. The arrangement is 
generally obscured by ulterior modifications in the higher 
vertebrates, but even in man, for example, the series of 
intercostal muscles between successive ribs, and those be- 
tween contiguous vertebra, represent origiual myocom- 
mata. 
myocyte (mi'o-sit), . [NL., < Gr. pi'f (//vof), 
a muscle, -I- icrrof, a hollow, cell.] A muscle- 
cell; the formative cellular element of the con- 
tractile tissue of most sponges. They are of 
various shapes, usually slenderly fusiform with 
long filamentous ends. Sollag, Encyc. Brit., 
XXII. 419. Also tnyclocyte. 
Myodes (mi-6'dez), n. [NL., < Gr. fivtiftK, 
mouse-like, < /tvf, mouse (= E. mouse), + eliof, 
form.] A genus of lemmings of the family J/- 
n'<f<pand the subfamily Antcolintr. The skull is 
massive and depressed, with a cygoroatic width equal to 
two thirds its length. The species are of small size and 
stout compact form, with very obtuse hairy muzzle, small 
ears, short rabbit like tail, large fore claws, and mollipllose 
pelage of variegated colors, which does not turn white in 
winter. They are arctic animnls, sometimes swarming in 
almost incredible numbers. The common or Norway lem- 
ming is M. leminus; that of Siberia is M. obtnrit. from 
which the corresponding animal of arctic America is 
probably not distinct ; and some others are described. 
The lemmings which turn white In winter belong to a 
different genus, Ounicu/tu. See cnt nnder temminy. 
Myodocha (mi-od'o-kip, . [NL. (Latreille, 
1807), < Gr. //Dodojof, harboring mice, < /i>c, 
mouse, + iixtaOai, receive, harbor.] A genus 
of heteropterous insects, typical of the sub- 
family Myodochina;. Four species are known, three 
of which are Mexican, while the other, M. icrripa, it 
found in the eastern United States. 
Myodochinse (mi-od-o-ki'ne), n. pi. [NL. (Stal, 
1874, as Myodochina), (. Myodocha + -in<r.] A 
subfamily of heteropterous insects of the fam- 
ily Li/iitriila: Thirty-seven genera have been described, 
of which twenty-six inhabit North America. 
myodome (mi'6-dom), n. [< Gr. //if, a muscle. 
f&i/iof, chamber: seerfoniei.] A tubular cham- 
ber or recess within the cranium of most osse- 
ous fishes for the insertion of the rectus muscles 
of the eye. It Is isolated from the brain-cavity by the 
development of a platform from the baslocclpltal contin- 
uous with horizontal ridges diverging from the prosotics. 
Myodome (muscular tube) developed and the cranial cav- 
ity open in front. Uill, Amer. Kat, XXII. 357. 
myodynamia (mi'o-di-na'mi-8), n. [NL., < Gr. 
WI'T. nmsrle, + iiva/af, power: see dynamic.] 
Muscular force. 
