nerve 
3071 
I 
by heal. MMC! its pores arc- tlins c-losi'd. Kiiryr. 
Jirit., VI. 402 Abducent nerve, s, . abducent. 
Accelerana nerves. Imeiaacctltmturnrrcr*. -Accel- 
erator nerves, certain nervous ilhiments passing to the 
heart through the sympathetic, and causing on stimulation 
an increased pulse rate. Also callt -tl ,u,,i,,f /.' , ... ,...,. 
Accessory nerve of Willis, tin- iplnal :u-< essory nerve. 
Acoustic nerve. Same as auditory neref. Alveolar 
nerves, ambulacra! nerve. See the adjective*. An- 
tertor cutaneous nerves of the abdomen, t three 
small In an. 'he* of the abdominal intercostal*.- Anterior 
cutaneous nerves of the thorax, terminal twins of tin- 
intercostal distributed to the skin over the pectin alls ma- 
jor muscle. Anterior tlblal nerve. See ttMo*. Ar- 
nold's nerve, tho auricular branch of the vagus nerve. 
Auditory nerve. Hue auditory. Axillary nerve. See 
axillnri/. Bell's nerve, the posterior thoracic nerve, a 
branch from the brachlal plexus to the- aerratus magnua 
muscle, called by Sir ('. Hell the external respiratory nerve. 
Buccal, buccinator, buccolabial, carotid, cavern- 
ous nerve, see the qualifying words. Cardiac nerve. 
(o) Three nerves, superior, middle, and Inferior, from the 
cervical sympathetic to the superficial and deep cardiac 
ilexuses. (&) Branches of the puenmogaatrlc to the car- 
diac plexus, variable in number. Those arising in the 
neck are called cervical cardiat; In the thorax, thoracic. 
Cerebrosplnal nerves, nerves coming directly from the 
cerebrosplnal axis : in contradistinction to sympathetic 
nerves. Cervlcardlac nerves. See cenicartliae. Cer- 
Vlcofaclal nerve, one o[ the ilivisions of the facial nerve, 
distributed to the lower face and upper neck. Ciliary, 
clrcumesophageal, circumflex, cranial, crural, de- 
pressor nerve, *ee the qualifying words. Dental 
nerves branches of tho fifth nerve supplying the teeth 
and gums, (o) Anterior dental nerve, a branch of the su- 
perior maxillary supplying the upper front teeth and con- 
tiguous part of the antrum. Also called superior anterior 
alveolar. (6) Inferior dental nerve, the largest branch of 
the inferior maxillary, running through the inferior den- 
tal canal and supplying tho teeth of the lower jaw. I 
gives off the mylohyoid and mental branches. Also called 
inferior alcenlar. (c) Posterior dental neraa, a branch of 
the superior maxillary distributed to the mucous mem- 
brane of the cheek and gum and the back teeth of the 
upper Jaw. Also called posterior superior alveolar. De- 
scending cervical nerve, a branch of the hypoglossal 
in the neck, receiving filaments from the cervical nerves, 
and distributed to the onio-, sterno-, and thyro-hyoid 
muscles. Also called rfcseendeiw noni. Digastric nerve, 
dorsal nerves. See the adjectives. Eighth nerve. 
(a) The glossopharyngeal. (6) The glossopharyngeal, va- 
gua, and spinal accessory nerves. Esophageal nerves 
branches of the vagus that go to form the esophageal 
plexus. External cutaneous nerve of the arm. See 
musculocutaneous. External cutaneous nerve of tlie 
thigh, a branch from the second and third lumbar nerves 
passing under Poupart's ligament to be distributed to the 
Integument of the outer side of the hip and thigh.- 
External saphenous nerve. See saphenmu. Facial 
nerve. See facial. Fifth nerve, the trigeminua nerve 
Fourth nerve, the trochlear nerve. Frontal, gen- 
ital, glossopharyngeal, gluteal, gustatory, hypo- 
glossal nerve. See the adjectives. Gastric nerves, 
terminal branches of the vagus, mainly distributed to the 
stomach Those of the left side form the anterior gastric 
plexus on the anterior wall, and those of the right side the 
posterior gastric plexus on the posterior wall of the stom- 
ach. The posterior especially assists In the formation of 
the sympathetic plexuses of the other abdominal viscera. 
Great auricular nerves. See auricular. Inferior 
cardiac nerve, a nerve on either side arising from the 
interior cervical or first thoracic ganglion, and passing 
down to join the deep cardiac plexus. Also called nervus 
cardiacus minor. Inferior hemorrhoidal nerve, a 
branch of the pudic distributed to the external sphincter 
and the skin of the anus, and in the female to the lower part 
of the vagina,- Inferior pudendal nerve. See {Mm. 
dad.-Inframaxillary, inhibitory intercostal.mter- 
costohumeral nerve. See the adjectives. Internal 
cutaneous nerve of the arm, a branch of the Inner 
cord of the brachlal plexus, distributed to the skin of the 
lower inner part of the arm and of the ulnar side of the 
forearm. Internal cutaneous nerve of the leg, a 
branch of the anterior crural distributed to the skin on 
the inner side of the thigh and upper part of the leg. 
Internal saphenous nerve. See saphenous. Inter- 
osseous nerve, (a) Anterior, the longest branch of the 
median arising a little below the elbow, and lying upon 
the Interosseons membrane. It supplies the flexor longus 
potlicia, deep digital flexor, interosseous membrane, fore- 
ann-bonea, and wrist-joint (6) Of the foot, slender branches 
of the anterior tibial to the metatarso-phalangeal articu- 
lations (c) Posterior, the larger terminal division of the 
musculospiral. It supplies the short aiipinaUir and all the 
extensor muaclea on the back of the arm, except the long 
radiocarpal. JacObson'S nerve, the tympanic branch 
of the gloasopharyngeal nerve. Lacrymal nerve, a 
branch of the ophthalmic nerve distributed to the lacry- 
mal gland and upper eyelid. Also called lacrymo-palpe- 
oral. Lateral cutaneous nerves, brunches of the in- 
tercostal nerves distributed chiefly to the skin of the side 
of the chest and abdomen and that over the scapula 
and latissimus dorsi muscle. Lingual nerve, lumbar 
nerves median nerve, mental nerves. See the ad- 
jectives! Masseteric nerve.abranch from the Inferior 
maxillary nerve to the masseter muscle. -Meningeal 
nerve a arnall branch of the vagus distributed to the 
dura o'f the cerebellar fossa. Also called recurrent., 
Middle cardiac nerve, see cardiac.- Motor oculi 
nerve the third cranial nerve, supplying all the muscles 
of the orbit except the superior oblique and external rec- 
tus and giving motor filaments to the irla and ciliary 
muaclea. It arises superficially from the inner si.le of the 
crus in front of the pons. Also called oculomotor. My- 
lohyoid, nasopalatine, etc., nerve. 8e the idjoottrw. 
Nasal nerve a branch of the ophthalmic nerve dis- 
tributed to the mucous membrane at the fore part of the 
nose, and to the skin of the tip and wing. It gives off 
the long ciliary nerves, the btfntxoohlev, and a teaaoB 
to the ophthalmic wincHon. Also called OMMncUWk 
Nerve Of CotunniUS |namc-d after I'otugno. an Italian 
anatomist, 1738-1822], the nasopalatine nerve from Meek- 
el's ganglion. See nanopalatine. Nerve of Scarpa. 
Same as na>palntine nerve. Nerve Of Wrisberg. (o) 
The lesser Internal cutaneous nerve of the ami, a branch 
of the Itrachlal plexus to the integument on the inner side 
of the arm. (6) The pars Intermedia of the facial nerve. 
Nerves Of Lands!, certain longitudinal strlatlons on 
the upper surface of the corpus callosum. Also called 
slrite Lm/itudiiuUes. Ninth nerve, (o) The glosso- 
ijharyni;. ..I nerve. (M The hnoftoMl nerve. Obtura- 
tor ophthalmic, optic, orbital, palatine, pathetic, 
etc., nerve. See the qualifying words.- Palmar cuta- 
neous nerves, branches of the median and ulnar to the 
Integument of the palm of the hand.- Perforating cu- 
taneous nerves, a slender branch of the fourth sacral, 
distributed to the skin over the inner and lower part of 
the glutens maxlmm. Perforating nerve of Casser, 
the mnsculocutaneous nerve from the brachial plexus, 
which perforates the coracohrachlalls muscle. Perineal, 
peroneal, petrosal, pharyngeal, phrenic, plantar, 
popliteal, pterygoid, pudic, pulmonary, etc., nerve. 
see the adjectives.- Posterior auricular nerve, a 
branch of the facial nerve supplying the pontauricular 
and occipital muscles. Posterior tibial nerve. See 
tibial.- Radial nerve, one of the two principal branches 
of tho musculospiral nerve, running along the radial a 
of the forearm In relation with the radial artery. Sciatic 
nerves, sensorimotor nerve, sensory nerve. See tli 
adjectives. Seventh nerve, (o) The facial noire. (6) 
The facial and auditory nervea. Sixth nerve, the abdu- 
cent nerve. Small internal cutaneous nerve, a small 
branch from the inner cord of the brachial plexua, dis- 
tributed to the akin of the inner lower half of the upper 
arm. Also called nerve of Wrisberg.- Small occipital 
nerve. See occipital. Sphenopalatine nerves. > 
uphenopalatine. Spinal accessory nerves. See amn 
sory. Spinal splanchnic, suboccipltal, subscapular 
nerve, see the adjectives. Superior, upper, or super- 
ficial cardiac nerve, a nerve arising from the superior 
cervical sympathetic ganglion, the right nerve going to 
the deep, and the left usually to the anperflcial cardiac 
plexus. Also called MnMMmOMlKicarcJui. Superior 
maxillary nerve. See maxillary. Snpraclavicular, 
suprascapular, sympathetic, temp9rofaclal, tem- 
poromalar, etc., nerve. See the adjectives. Third 
nerve the oculomotor nerve. Thoracic, trochlear, 
tympanic ulnar, etc., nerve. See the adjectives. 
Vidian nerve, a nerve formed by the union of the large 
superficial petrosal from the facial nerve and the deep 
petrosal from the carotid plexus of the sympathetic, and 
passing through the Vidian canal to terminate in Meckel s 
nerve (nferv), v. t. ; pret. and pp. nerved, ppr. 
nerving. [< nerve, n. ] To give nerve to ; supply 
strength or vigor to; arm with force, physical 
or moral : as, rage nerved his arm. 
I thank thee, Roderick, for the word 1 
It nerves my heart, It steels my sword. 
Scott, I. of the L., v. 14. 
Didst thou, when nerviny thee to this attempt, 
Ne'er range thy mind's extent, aa some wide hall, 
Dazzled by shapes that tilled its length with light? 
Browning, Paracelsus. 
The song that nerven a nation's heart 
Is in Itself a deed. Tennyson, Epilogue. 
Not fumea to slacken thought and will, 
But bracing essences that nerve 
To wait, to dare, to strive, to serve. 
Lowell, To C. F. Bradford. 
nerve-tissue 
veins: applied to the wings of insects. 4. In 
In-,-., having nerves, as a leaf: said of a leaf 
when the nerves and veins are of a different 
tincture- from the rest of the leaf. 
nerve-drill (n<-rv'dril),n. A dental instrument 
for drilling or enlarging a pulp-cavity. 
nerve-ending (nerv'en'ding), n. The structin-t- 
in which a nerve terminates, as an end-plate- in 
a muscle. 
nerve-fiber (ntrv'fi'Wr), n. A minute cord 
convoying molecular disturbance which serves 
as a stimulus to some peripheral active organ 
or to some central nervous mechanism. The 
nerve-fibers may form peripheral nerves, or may constitute 
parts of the cerebrosptnal axis, or of similar central organs 
In Invertebrate*. Two principal forms are recognized, the 
tnedtiUated nerve-fibers and the non-meduUated nene-fiben 
(or fibers of Kemak). 
nerve-fibril (nerv'fi'bril), n. One of the ex- 
ceedingly fine filaments of which the axis-cylin- 
der of a nerve-fiber is composed, 
nerve-fibrilla (nerv'fi-bnl'a.), n. Same as 
nerre-Jibril. 
nerve-force (ntrv'fore), n. The energv, actual 
or potential, of the nervous system ; the capa- 
city of the nervous system for work, 
nerve-hill (nerv'hil), n. A nerve-hillock or 
neuromast. J. A. Ryder. 
nerve-hillock (nerv'hil'ok), n. Same as neuro- 
mast. 
nerveless (nerv'les), a. [< nerve + -less.] With- 
out nerve ; destitute of strength ; weak. 
There sank Thalia, nerveless, cold, and dead. 
Pope, [Hint-lad, Iv. 41. 
His [Peter Angelis'sj pencil was eay, bright, and flow, 
ing, but his colouring too faint, and nerveless. 
Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting, IV . I. 
No doubt we have In Coleridge the moot striking exam- 
nerve-aura (nerv'a'ra), n. Same as nervaura. 
nerve-broach (nerv'b'rdch), n. A wire instru- 
ment, sometimes notched, for extracting the 
nerve of a tooth. 
nerve-canal (nerv'ka-nal'), n. Same as pulp- 
cavity. 
nerve-capping (nerv'kap'ing), H. A cap placed 
over a tooth to preserve an exposed nerve. 
nerve-cell (nerv'sel), n. 1. Any cell consti- 
tuting part of the nervous system. 2. More 
particularly, one of the essential cells of the 
nervous centers, forming, in its entirety or in 
part, the parts along which the nervous im- 
pulses are propagated and distributed in the 
activity of such centers. These cells have usually 
finely branched processes, and from some of them proceed 
the fibers of peripheral nerves. Also called ganglion-cell. 
See cut under ecu. 
nerve-center (nerv'sen'to), n. A group of 
ganglion-cells closely connected with one an- 
other and acting together in the performance 
of some function, as the cerebral centers, psy- 
chical centers, respiratory or vasomotor cen- 
ters. 
nerve-chord, . See nerve-cord. 
nerve-collar (nerv'kol'iir), n. The nervous 
ring or collar around the gullet in many inver- 
tebrates. 
nerve-cord (nerv ' kdrd), n. A cord composed 
of nervous tissue ; a nerve. Also nerve-chord. 
The tubular condition of the cerebro-splnal nerve-cord 
of Vertebrata. Encyc. Brit., XXIV. 184. 
nerve-corpuscle (nerv'kdr'pus-1), n. A nerve- 
cell. 
nerved (nervd), a. [< nerre + -orf 2 .] 1. Hav- 
ing nerves ; especially, having nerves of a speci- 
fic. 1 character. Specifically 2. In M., ribbed: 
applied to leaves having fibrovascular bundles 
ramifying through them, like veins or nerves 
in the animal structure. Also nervous. See 
iii-rritlii>ii.3. In cntoni., having nervures or 
pie in literature of a great genius given In trust to a nerve- 
leu will and a fltful purpose. LoweU, Coleridge. 
nervelessness (mM-v'les-nes), n. A nerveless 
state; lack of vigor; weakness; imbecility. 
A pusillanimity and nervelessness utterly unparalleled. 
New York Tribune, April 21, 1862. 
The "North China Herald " aays the quality of nerveless- 
ness distinguishes the Chinaman from the European. 
Sci. Atner., N. 3., I.IX. 198. 
nerve-motion (nferv'mo'shon), n. Molecular 
movement in nervous substance, constituting 
nervous action. 
I maintain that feeling Is not a product of nerve-motion 
in anything like the sense that light Is sometimes a pro- 
duct of heat, or that friction-electricity Is a product of 
sensible motion. J. FMe, N. A. Rey., CXXVI. SO. 
nerve-needle (nerv'ne'dl), n. In dentistry, a 
tool used for broaching out a pulp-cavity. 
nerve-obtundent (ncrv'ob-tun'dent), n. A 
medicine used to deaden the nerve of a tooth: 
more commonly obtundent. 
nerve-paste (mSrv'past), n. A mixture of ar- 
senic (generally with creosote or morphine) 
used to kill the nerve of a tooth. 
nerve-path (nerv'path), n. A course, especial- 
ly in the central nervous organs, along which a 
nervous impulse can propagate itself. 
nerve-pentagon (nerv'pen'ta-gon), i. Inechi- 
noderms, same as esophageal ring (which see, 
under esoplmgeal). 
nerve-plate (ncSrv'plat), n. A layer or lamina 
of nervous tissue which may develop into a 
nerve-tube or nerve-cord. 
Continuation of doral nerve-plat* ta a nerve-cord. 
Eneyc. Bnt., XXIV. 187. 
nerve-ring (n*rv'ring), . The nervous system 
of some acalephs. as the Medusas, forming a 
fibrous ring round the edge of the disk, with 
cellular ganglionio enlargements at regular in- 
tervals; a nerve-collar. 
This nerve-ring, which Is most accurately known In the 
Geryonidte, is supported on the annular cartilage. 
Gegenbaur, t'omp. Anat. (trans.), p. 109. 
nerve-rudiment (nerv'r8'di-ment), n. The ru- 
diment of a nerve. 
The original attachment of the nerve rudiment to the 
medullary wall Is not permanent. 
Foster and Balfaitr, Embryology, p. 129. 
nerve-shaken (n*rv'sha'kn), a. Having the 
nervous system weakened or enfeebled. 
nerve-storm (nerv'stdrm), . A paroxysmal 
attack of nervous disturbance, as a megrim. 
nerve-stretching (ncrv'strech'ing), i. In 
surg., the operation of forcibly stretching a 
nerve, as for neuralgia. 
nerve-substance (nerv'sub'stans), n. The sub- 
stance of which the essential part of a nerve- 
or ganglion-cell and its processes is composed. 
nerve-tire (nerv'tir), n. Neurasthenia. 
nerve-tissue (uerv'tish'o), n. The tissue of 
which the nervous system is composed, exclu- 
