oakum 
lor.l 
oat 
All would sink 
But for the oeuiBcanlkfd in ev<-r> chink. ^ ^ 
John T<ii/lor, Works (itttO), II (it.. /, v , / ,,/,,,.,,/ ( , a 'kind' of ribbon-fish. It attains a 
oak-wart (ok'wiirl). n. ^An oak-gall, llniu'iiini/. | t ., 1K tl, ,,f f,.,, m p_> ( more than 20 feet. 
oak- web (ok' web), . The cockchafer, Million- oar-footed(<>r'fut'ed),a. I laving feet like oars; 
tlm riiliinria. Also culled m-nli. |l'mv. Kng.J ( . 0]1( . p ( ,,| . sa i, I of sonic crustaceans. 
oaky (old), . [< <>' 4 +-//'] BesembHag oaria,". Plural of ;;;. 
oak; hard; linn; strong. oariocele (o-u'ri-o-sel), n. [< NL. oarium + 
Tlicoaky rocky, flinty hearts of men. Gr. Kt/'f/, tumor. 1 In iiathol., hernia of the 
lip. llall, Estate of a Christian, ovar y. 
oander, oandurth (on'der, on'derth), . L)ia- oaritis (6-a-ri'tis), n. [NL., < oarium + -is.] 
lectul forms of undent. In //</(/., ovaritis. 
< ME. ore, oarium (o-a'ri-um), H.; pi. oaria (-a). [NL., < 
oar-fish (or'fish). . A trachypteroid or tseni- oast (ost), w. [< ME. <<>', ''. < AS. *' (=OD. 
ii>h. i;,;jiiiiTu glume, of the family ert, oft, l>. MM), n kiln, drying-home j akin to 
ail, a funeral pile. L. /. s liuii.ie (heartli). <ir. 
burning, heat, iunin>, ether, etc.: nee edi- 
, etc. I A kiln to dry hops or malt. See 
i-nl in preceding eoliimii. 
oast-house (ost'hous), w. 1. A building for 
oasts or hop-kilns. 
The hops are measured off, and taken to mHt-A<mw 
twice a day, according to the c< instruction anil capacity of 
the oasts. J. C. Morton, Cyc. of Agriculture. 
2. A dry ing-house or a building in which some- 
thing, as tobacco, is dried and cured. 
rower, later (in pi.) also oars, t>'<TTf<r, row, Lith. oarlaps (or'laps), H. Bee the quotation. 
irl.inx, an our, irti, row, Skt. uritra, a paddle, one parent (rabbit], or even both, are oariajw that in, 
' ' are sticking out at right angles. 
Darwin, Var. of Animals and Plants, Iv. 
have their < 
hang* in long vistas of tawny-coloured taffsela, each tassel 
Iniinl ' Kiniposed of the wide fronds in their unbroken 
integrity, strung on a lath and hung points downwards ! 
Nineteenth Century, XXIV. 57i 
rudder ; referre<l, with the verb rowl (AS. row- 
an, etc.) and its deriv. rudder, to / <"", drive, 
row, prob. same as / <"", raise, move, go: see oarless (or'les), a. [< oarl + -/*.] Not sup- oat (ot), . [Early mod. E. also ote, oten, dial. 
roMii riwMer 1 1 A long wooden implement plied with oars; destitute or deprived of oars. (Sc.) oits; < ME. ote, oote, earlier ate (usually 
A broken torch, an oarlet, boat 
Byron, Bride of Abydos, 11. 20. 
for propelling a boat, barge, or galley. 
It consists of two parts a Bat feather-shaped or spoon- 
shaped part called the blade, which is dipped into the wa- 
handle. The oar rests In a hole or indentation In the 
oar-lock (or'lok), . A rowlock. 
oar-propeller (or'pro-pel'er), n. A device to 
imitate by machinery the action of sculling. 
gunwale, called the rowlock or oar-lock, or between two oarsman (orz'man), n. ; pi. oarsmen (-men). [< 
pins called thole -|>imr, or in a >e'al ^ t J f ^yer 'the "'"''*' P 88 ' f <""*' + man -l O 116 wno rows ^^ 
rower'shaml 'being theVower and the water the fulcrum" an *r; a boatman; especially, one who rows 
Oars are frequently used for steering, as in whale-boats. for exercise or sport. 
Insomoche we hadde none other remedy but strake oarsmanship (orz'man-ship), n. [< oarsman 
downe our boote and mannyd her with ares, wherwithall. + -ah ip. ] The art of rowing ; skill as an oars- 
mau. 
oar-swiyel (or'swiv'el), . A kind of rowlock, 
consisting of a pivoted socket for the shaft of 
an oar on the gunwale of a boat, 
oary (or'i), a. [< oari + -yi.] Having the form 
or serving the purpose of an oar. [Rare.] 
The swan with arched neck. 
Sir R. duy(forde, Pylgrymage, p. 68. 
This 'tis, sir, to teach yon to be too busy, 
To covet all the gains, and all the rumours, 
To have a stirring oar in all men's actions. 
Fletcher, Spanish Curate, Iv. 5. 
Between her white wings mantling proudly, rows 
Her state with oary feet MiUon, P. L., vll. 440. 
2. lu brewing, a blade or paddle with which the 
mash is stirred. E. U. Knight. 3. In zool., 
an oar-like appendage of an animal used for 
swimming, as the leg or antenna of an insect 
or crustacean, one of the parapodia of annelids, oasal (o-a'sal), a. [< oasis + -?.] Of or per- 
etc. 4. One who uses an oar; an oarsman; tainingto an oasis or to oases; found in oases : 
also, a waterman. [Colloq.] as, oasal flora. 
Tarlton, being one Sunday at court all day, caused a palre oaset, oasie t. Obsolete forms of OOZC^OOZy. 
Dorsal%ars, in zooi. See def. .% and notopodiiim. 
Muffled oars. See muffled. Oars! the order to lay on 
oars. To back the oars, bend to the oars, boat the 
oars. See the verbs. To lie on one's oars, to suspend 
rowing, but without shipping the oars ; hence, figuratively, 
to cease from work ; rest ; take things easy. To peak the 
oars, to raise the blades out of the water and secure them 
at a common angle with the surface of the water by pla- 
cing the inner end of each oar under the batten on the 
opposite side of the boat. To put one's oar In, or to 
put In one's oar, to interfere unexpectedly or officiously ; 
Intermeddle in tile business or concerns of others. To 
ship the oars, to place them in the rowlocks. To 
take the laboring oar. See labori. To toss the oars, 
to throw up the blades of the oars and hold them perpen- 
dicularly, the handles resting on the bottom of the boat : 
a salute. To trail the oars, to throw the oars out of the 
rowlocks, and permit them to hang outside the boat by the 
trailinK-lines. To unship the oars, to take the oars out 
of the rowlocks. Ventral oars, in zool. See def. 3, and 
notopodium. (See also oour-oar, stroke-oar.) 
oar 1 (or), r. [< one 1 , .] I. intrants. To use an 
oar or oars ; row. 
Once more undaunted on the ruin rode, 
And oar'd with labouring arms along the flood. 
Broome, In Pope's Odyssey, xii. 626. 
II. tnnix. 1. To propel by or as by rowing. 
His bold head 
'Bove the contentious waves he kept, and oar'd 
Himself with his good arms in lusty stroke 
To the shore. Shak., Tempest, it 1. 118. 
Some to a low song oor'rf a shallop by, 
Or under arches of the marble bridge 
Hung, shadow'd from the heat. 
Tennyson, Princess, ii. 
2. To traverse by or as by means of oars. 
Forsook the Ore and oar'd with nervous limbs 
The billowy brine. 
Boole, tr. of Artosto's Orlando Furioso, xi. 
3. To move or use as an oar. 
And Naiads oar'd 
A glimmering shoulder under gloom 
I if cavern pillars. 
Tennyson, To E. L. on his Travels in Greece. 
oar'-t, n. An obsolete spelling of ore 1 . 
oared (ord), <t. [< mirl + -rW-.] 1. Furnished 
with oars: used in composition: as, a four- 
oarerfboat. 2. InrowV.: (o) Oar-footed: as, the 
oared shrew. Sons >< ii/ifer, a common aqnatic 
shrew of Europe. (5) Specifically, copepod or 
copelate. (c) Totipalmate or steganopodous, 
as a bird's foot. 
Oast. 
a. grate ; , ash-pit : c, f, passage for air which rises around the 
furnace and radiator and passes through ihe perforated drying-floor 
j <i. smoke-opening : e, f, radiator ; /, smoke-passage ; f. up-take ; 
h. ft, outlets for smoke : _;, *, /, entrances to and exits from drying- 
floor ; m, cupola perforated for escape of air and moisture. (The hops 
to be dried are spread on the floor I.) 
in pi., ates, earlier oten), < AS. ate (in earliest 
form ate), pi. atan, oat (tr. L. avena), also 
cockle, tares (tr. L. lolium and zizania); not 
found in other tongues. Some compare the 
Icel. (dim.) eitill, a nodule in stone, = Norw. 
eitel, a knot, nodule, gland; also Kuss. varfro, 
a kernel, bail, Gr. olSof, a swelling (see eatina) ; 
the name being given, in this view, with ref. to 
its rounded shape. Others compare the AS. etan, 
E. eat (cf . eet (= Icel. dta, also a-ti), meat, prey) ; 
but why oats should be singled out, as 'that 
which has a rounded shape ' or ' that which is 
eaten,' from other grains of which the same is 
equally or more true, is not clear.] 1. (a) A 
cereal plant, Arena sativa, or its seed: common- 
ly used in the plural in a collective sense. The oat 
was already In cultivation before the Christian era, and is 
sown In a variety of soils in all cool climates, degenerating 
Oasites), a place in the west of Egypt to which 
criminals were banished by the emperors, < Gr. 
"Oaatf (Herodotus), "\vaaif (Strabo) (this second 
form appar. simulating Gr. aiietv, dry, wither. 
= L. tirere, burn), also "flaoif, and (the city) 
"Yao-if, a fertile spot in the Libyan desert; of 
Egypt, origin; cf. Coptic intake (> Ar. wall), a 
dwelling-place, an oasis, < ouih, dwell.] Origi- 
nally, a fertile spot in the Libyan desert where 
there is a spring or well and more or less vege- 
tation ; now, any fertile tract in the midst of a 
waste : often used figuratively. 
me, my pleasant rambles by the lake, 
My sweet, wild, fresh three quarters of a year, 
My one Oasis In the dust and drouth 
Of city life! Tennyson, Edwin Morris. 
Fountains are never so fresh and vegetation never so 
glorious as when you stumble upon some oa*ix after wan- 
dering over an arid wilderness. Edinburgh Km. 
Panicle of Oat ( Avena si, 
b, the lower flowering glume < 
a spikelet 
eringglum.. -, 
ing glumes and the palet, the awn del 
ith awn ; c. the upper 
flowering eliinie : d, a neutral flower ; e, gr.iin inclosed by the flower- 
- 'etached. 
toward the tropics, yet not ripening u.nite as far north as 
barley. Oats are grown chiefly as food for beasts, espe- 
cially horses, being most largely so used In the I'nited 
States : but they also form an important human food (es- 
pecially in Scotland, of late years somewhat in the I'nited 
States), in point of nutrition ranked higher by some than 
ordinary grades of wheat flour. (See oatmeal, yrontt. and 
tmrenx.) All the varieties of the ordinary cultivated oat 
are referred to A. tativa, but this is believed by many to 
be derived from the wild oat, .1. fatua. The race called 
naked oat, sometimes regarded as a species, A. nuda, dif- 
fers from other sorts in having the seed free from the 
glume. It is successful in Ireland, etc.. but not in Amer- 
ica. A variety well approved in both hemispheres is the 
potato-oat, with a large white plump grain, the original 
of which was found growing accidentally with potatoes. 
The black Poland is another esteemed variety ; the Tar- 
tarian and the Siberian are recommended for poor soils. 
The varieties are numerous, new ones constantly appear- 
ing. 
It fell on a day, and a bonny simmer day, 
When green grew aitt and barley. 
Bonnie Souse of Airly (Child's Ballads, VI. 186). 
The country squires brewed at home that strong ale 
which, after dinner, stood on the table in decanters marked 
with the oat and was drunk In lien of wine. 
S. limrrll, Taxes In England, IV. 68. 
(h) Any species of .trrna. The wild oat of Europe, 
A. fatua, is a weed of cultivation in many places : in Cali- 
fornia, where it abounds, it Is extensively utilized as hay. 
The animal, fly, or hygrometric oat, A. tterUit, native In 
Harbary. has two long, strong, much-bent awns, which 
twist and untwist with changes of moisture, and so be- 
come a means of locomotion. Various species are more 
or less available for pasture. 
2t. A musical pipe of oat-straw ; a shepherd's 
pipe; hence, pastoral song. See oaten pipe, 
under oaten. 
