octillion 
octillion (ok-til'yon), n. [< L. octo, = E. right, 
+ (ui)illiini, million. Cf. billion, trillion, </</- 
nllioit, etc.] 1. Iii Great Britain, the number 
produced by involving a million to the eighth 
power. 2. In French and United States usage, 
one thousand raised to the ninth power. 
octiphonium (ok-ti-fo'ni-um), n. [NL., < Gr. 
OKTO, = E. eight, + Qwf/, voice.] Same as octet. 
OCtireme (ok'ti-rem), H. [< L. octo, = E. /-hill I, 
+ reiiiHn, an oar.] A vessel with eight banks 
of oars. 
octo-. [F., etc., octo-, < L. octo- = Gr. OKTO-, the 
combining form, besides OKTO-, of OKTO = E. 
i i 'jh t.] An element in words of Latin or Greek 
origin or formation, meaning ' eight.' 
OCtO-bass (ok'to-bas), n. The largest musical 
instrument of the viol family, invented by J. 
B. Vuillaume. It had three strings, which, on account 
of its great size-.were stopped by a mechanism of keys and 
pedals operated by both the Angers and the feet of the 
player. The tone was powerful and smooth. 
October (ok-to'ber), . [< ME. October = F. 
Octobre = Sp. Octubre = Pg. Outubre = It. Ot- 
tobre, Ottobrio D. G. Dan. Sw. Oktober = LGr. 
'QnTojiptof, < L. October (Octobr-), sc. mentis, the 
eighth mouth of the year beginning with March, 
< octo = E. eight: see eighfl-.] 1. The tenth 
month of the year. It was the eighth in the 
primitive Roman calendar. Abbreviated Oct. 
October spende, O sonne, O light superne, 
O tryne and oon, lovyng, honoure, empire, 
Withouten ende unto thi might eterne. 
PaUadmt, Uusbondrie (E. E. T. S.X p. 208. 
2. Ale or cider brewed in October; hence, good 
ale. 
Lord 5. Tom Neverout. will you taste a glass of October? 
Nee. No, faith, my lord, I like your wine ; and I won't 
put a churl upon a gentleman. 
Swift, Polite Conversation, it 
October-birdt (ok-to'ber-berd), n. The bobo- 
link, reed-bird, or rice-bird, Dolichonyx oryzivo- 
rus : so called from the time of its appearance 
in the West Indies. B. Edwards, 1819. 
OCtoblast (ok'to-blast), n. [< Gr. OKTO, = E. 
eight, + /3Xa<rrof , germ.] An ovum of eight cells; 
a stage in germination when the single original 
cell has formed eight segmentation-cells. 
octobrachiate (ok-to-bra'ki-at), a. [< L. octo, = 
E. eight, + brnchium, bracchium, the arm: see 
brachial.] Having eight brachia, arms, or rays ; 
octopod, as certain cephalopods. 
octocaetriacontahedron(ok-to-se'tri-a-kon-ta- 
he'dron), n. fNL., < Gr. OKTO, = E. eight, + 
/cat, and, + TpiaKovra, = E. thirty, + copa, a seat, 
base.] A solid of thirty-eight faces. The 
snub-cube (see Archimedean solid, under Archi- 
medean) is an example of this kind of solid. 
octocentenary (ok-to-sen'te-na-ri), n. ; pi. octo- 
centenaricn (-riz). [< L. octo, = E. eight, + cen- 
tenanus, consisting of a hundred: see cente- 
nary.] The eight-hundredth anniversary of an 
event. 
The Italian .students . . . have invited delegates, . . . 
to whom theywill extend the hospitalities which conduced 
so much to the success of the Bologna octocentenary just 
a year ago. Lancet, No. 3432, p. 1166. 
Octocera.Octocerata (ok-tos'e-ra, ok'to-se-ra'- 
ta), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. : see octoeerous.] A 
division of dibranchiate cephalopods, including 
those which have eight arms or rays ; the Octo- 
poda : distinguished from Decacera. 
octocerous (olc-tos'e-rus), a. [< NL. octocerus, 
< Gr. OKTO, = E. eight, + tttpas, a horn.] Hav- 
ing eight arms or rays, as a cephalopod ; octo- 
pod: distinguished from decacerous. 
octochord (ok'to-kdrd), n. Same as octachord. 
OctOCOralla (ok v to-ko-ral'a), n. pi. [NL., < L. 
octo, = E.eight, + iiLi.corallum, coral: see coral.] 
A division of the Coralligena, including the oc- 
tomerous Actino-on, or tliat group in which are 
developed eight chambers of the enterocoele 
and eight tentacles, the latter being compara- 
tively broad, flattened, and serrate or even 
pinnatifid: opposed to Scxacoralla. See cut 
under Cnriilligrnn. 
octocorallan (ok-to-kor'a-lan), n. [< Octoco- 
r/i/la + -an.] One of the Octocorallu; an oc- 
tomerous coral. 
octocoralline (ok-to-kor'a-lin), a. and n. [< 
NL. Octoconilla + -i'e 2 .] I. a. Of or pertain- 
ing to the Ortociiriilla. 
II. H. A member of the Octocoralla ; an octo- 
corallan. 
OCtOCOtyloid (ok-to-kot'i-loid), H. [< Gr. OKTO, 
= E. eh/lit, + E. cotyloid.] Having eight coty- 
loid fossettes or bothria. as a worm. 
octodactyl, octodactyle (ok-to-dak'til), a. [< 
Gr. uKTuoaKTvtof, OKTaoaKTv)or, eight fingers long 
4079 
or broad, < OKTO, = E. eitjlt t, + nuKTvtof, finger, 
digit: see dactyl.] Having eight digits. [Rare.J 
We should have ample ground for pleading the cause of 
an octodactyle "urfcirin." 
Prix. Zool. Soc. London, 1888, p. 152. 
octodecimo (ok-to-des'i-mo), a. and . [Prop. 
(NL.) in octodecimo: L. in, in; octodecimo, abl. 
of oetodecimtui, eighteenth^ octo, eight, + de- 
i-i in ii.i, tenth: see decimal. Cf. octavo.] Same 
as riiihtt'finiio. Abbreviated ISnui. 
octodentate (ok-to-deu'tat), . [< L. octo, = E. 
I'ii/lil, + ill ulti<x,'< (lcn(t-)s = E. tooth.] Hav- 
ing eight teeth. 
Octodon (ok'tg-don), n. [NL., < Gr. OKTO, = E. 
eight, + booi'f (boovr-) = E. tooth.] 1. The typ- 
ical genus of Octodontida;, founded by Bennett 
in 1832. It contains several species of South 
American rodents with the superficial aspect 
of rats, such as O. cumingi. See cut under degu. 
2. [J. c.] A species of this genus; an octo- 
dont. 3. In entom., a genus of coleopterous 
insects. 
octodont (ok'to-dont), a. and n. [< Gr. OKTO, = 
K. fight, + orfoi'if (boovr-) = E. tooth.] I. a. 
Having eight teeth (that is, four grinders above 
and below on each side) ; of or pertaining to 
the genus Octodon or the family Octodontida. 
jf. n. A member of the genus Octodon or the 
family Octodontida; an octodon. 
Octodontidse(ok-t6-don'ti-de),n./>Z. [NL.,< Oc- 
todon (Octodont-) 4- -idte.] A family of hystri- 
comorphic simplicident Rodentia, named from 
the genus Octodon. The family Is chiefly Neotropical, 
but includes some Ethiopian representatives ; It contains 
a large number of mostly South American rat-like rodents 
of varied characteristics, some of them spiny. There are 
18 genera, contained in the 3 subfamilies Ctenodactylina, 
Octodontina, and Echinomyinee. See cute under dtgu and 
Habrocoma. 
octodrachm, M. See octadrachm. 
octoechos, octoechus (ok-to-e'kos, -kus), n. 
Same as octaechos. 
octoedricalt (ok-to-ed'ri-kal), a. [< "octoedric 
(= F. octafdrique '= Sp. octae'drico) ; as "oetoe- 
dron (equiv. to octaedron) + -4c-al.] Same as 
octahedral. Sir T. Browne. 
octoedrite (ok-to-e'drit), n. Same as octahedrite. 
octofld (ok'to-fid), a. [< L. octo, = E. eight, + 
-fidus, (findere ((/fid), cleave: see fission, bite.] 
In hot., cleft or separated into eight segmeu^, 
as a calyx. Thomas, Med. Diet. 
octofoil (ok'to-foil), n. [< L. octo, = E. eight, + 
E. foili.] In her., a figure having eight lobes or 
eight subdivisions, like separate leaflets. It is 
used as the mark of cadency for the ninth son. 
OCtOgamy (ok-tog'a-mi), n. [ME. octogamye, < 
Gr. as if "o/mjya/t/m, < *oKToyauof (> LL. octoga- 
mus), married eight times, < OKTO, = E. eight, + 
marriage.] The act or fact of marrying 
eight times. [Rare.] 
Eek wel I woot he seyde myn housbonde 
Sholde lete fader and mooder, and take me ; 
But of no nombre mencioun mad he, 
Of bigamye, or of octogamyc. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Wife of Bath's Tale, 1. S3. 
octogenarian (ok*to-je-na'ri-an), a. and . [< 
octogenary + -an.] I. a. Eighty years of age; 
also, between eighty and ninety years of age. 
II. n. A person eighty or eighty-odd years of 
age. 
But you talk of not living, Audley ! Pooh ! Your frame 
is that of a predestined rtctoyenarian. 
B-ulwer, My Novel, xi. 5. 
octogenary (ok-toj 'e-na-ri ), a. [= F. octogenaire 
= Sp. Pg. octogenario = It. ottogenario, ottua- 
genario, < L. octogenarius, of eighty, eighty years 
old, < octogeni, containing eighty each, < octo- 
ginta = E. eighty.] Same as octogenarian. 
Being then octogenary. 
Aubrey, Letters of Eminent Men, p. 316. 
octogonalt (ok-tog'o-nAl), a. Same as octagonal. 
It urccster. 
Octogynia (ok-to-jin'i-S), n. pi. [NL. : see oc- 
ioiiiinoiis.] In boi., in the Linnean system, those 
orders of plants which have eight pistils. 
octogynious (ok-to-jin'i-us), a. Same as octogy- 
HOUS. 
OCtOgynOUS (ok-toj'i-nus), a. [< Gr. OKTO, = E. 
rii/lit, + }vt-r/, a female (in mod. Dot. a pistil).] 
In bot., having eight pistils. Also octagynous. 
octohedral (ok-to-he dral), a. Same as octahe- 
dral. 
octohedron (ok-to-he'dron), n. See octahedron. 
octolateral (ok-t6-lat'e-ral),n.and n. [< L.octo, 
= E. eight, + liiiiix (lii/cr-), side: see lateral.] 
I. a. Having eight sides. -Octolateral dodeca- 
gon, a figure formed of eight straight lines, and having 
twelve angles or intersections lying on a cubic curve. 
II. n. An octolateral dodecagon. 
Octopodidae 
octolocular (ok-to-lok'u-liir), a. [< L. octo, = 
K. ni/lif, + liiriilii."-. ilim. n't' liirux, a place: see 
/'riilim.] In bot., having eight cells, as cert win 
capsules. 
octomeral (ok-tom'e-ral), a. [< NL. "octome- 
ralis, < Gr. OKTU, = E'. eight, + pi/m;, part. Cf. 
octamerous.] Eight-parted; having parts in sets 
of eight; octomerous; specifically, of or per- 
taining to the Octomeralia. 
Octomeralia (ok'to-me-ra'li-a), n. jil. [NL., 
neut. pi. of "octomeralis : see octomeral.] A sub- 
class of Scyphomeduste, contrasted with Trtni- 
meralin. 
octomerous (ok-tom'e-rus), a. Same as octuni- 
erous. 
octonal (ok'to-nal), a. [< L. octoni, eight each 
(< octo = E. eight), -t- -al.] Of or pertaining to 
computing or reckoning by eights ; octonary. 
An Octonal System of arithmetic and metrology. 
Nyttrom, Elein. of Mechanics, p. 307. 
octonare (ok-to-nar'), n. [< L. octonarius : see 
octonarius.] Same as octonarius. [Rare.] 
All stichic divisions of the Iambic octonares. 
Amer. Jour. PkUol., VIL 399. 
octonarius (ok-to-na'ri-ns), .; pi. octonarii (-1). 
[L.: see octonary.] In Lat. pros., a verse con- 
sisting of eight feet, especially an iambic or 
trochaic octapody (tetrameter). The iambic octn- 
narius is found used in linear (stichic) composition in the 
drama either with a dieresis after the first tetrapody (di- 
meter) or with a ceaura in the fifth foot. Anapestic octo- 
narii also occur. 
octonary (ok'to-na-ri), a. and n. [< L. octona- 
rius, consisting of eight; as a noun (sc. versus), 
a verse of eight feet; < octoni, eight each, < octo 
= E. eight: see octave.] I. a. Consisting of 
eight ; computing by eights ; octaval. 
The octonary system, founded upon the number eight, 
most completely presents the qualities which ore desired 
in a system of notation. 
T. F. Brawnett, Pop. 8ci. Mo., XIII. 427. 
H. .; pi. octonaries (-riz). Same as ogdoad. 
Which number [eight], being the first cube. Is a fit hie- 
roglyphick of the stability of that covenant made with the 
Jews in circumcision ; and the Pythagoreans coll the oc- 
tonary ifjtluiM, which signifies that security which Is by 
covenant Dr. H. More, Def. of Phil. Cabbala, App. it 
octonematous (ok-to-nem'a-tus), a. [< Gr. OKTU, 
= E. eight, + vr/fta, thread.] Having eight fila- 
mentous or thready parts or organs, 
octonocular (ok-to-nok'u-lar), a. [< L. octoni, 
eight each, + oculus, eye.] Having eight eyes. 
Most animals are binocular : spiders for the most part 
octonocular, and some . . . senocular. 
Derham, Physlco-Theology, viii. 3. 
octoped, octopede (ok'to-ped, -ped), n. [Cf. 
L. octipes (-ped-), eight-footed ; < L. octo, = E. 
eight, -r- pes (ped-) = E. foot.] An eight-footed 
animal. 
There is one class of spiders, industrious, hardworking 
octopedes. Bulwer, Night and Morning, 1. 6. 
OCtopetalous (ok-to-pet'a-lus), a. [< Gr. OKTO, 
= E. eight, + Ttk-ratjov, a leaf (petal).] In bot., 
having eight petals. 
octophthalmous (ok-tof-thal'mus), a. [< Gr. 
OKTO, = E. eight, + oo/Saf^o^, eye.] Having eight 
eyes, as a spider; octonocular. 
octophyllous (ok-to-fil'us), a. [<. Gr. OKTO, = 
E. eight, + tfMov. leaf.] Possessing or charac- 
terized by eight leaflets, as a digitate leaf. 
octopi, n. Plural of octopus, 2. 
octopod (ok'to-pod), a. and n. [< NL. octopus, < 
Gr. OKTOTTOVT, also wrinrtn^ (-iro6-), eight-footed, 
having eight feet,< OKTU, = E. eight,+ Toi'f (KOO-) 
= E. foot.] I. a. In Mollttsca, eight-footed or 
eight-armed, as an octopus ; pertaining to the 
Octopoda, or having their characters; octoce- 
rous. 
II. n. An octopus, or octopod cephalopod; 
any member of the Octopoda. 
Octopoda (ok-top'o-dft), n. [NL., neut. pi. of oc- 
topus: see octopod.] A suborder or superfamily 
of dibranchiate Cephalopoda, containing those 
cephalopods which have eight feet, arms, or 
rays; the Octocerata. The arms ore acetabuliferous, 
with sessile suckers, and one of them is hectocotylized In 
the male. The body is short, stout, and globose; the 
eyes are small and have a sphlncteriol arrangement for 
opening and shutting. There is no buccal membrane 
around the mouth, no valves in the siphon, and no nlda- 
mental gland ; the viscericardium is reduced to a pair of 
canals, and the oviducts are paired. The Octopoda include 
the paper-nautilus with the ordinary octopods. They are 
contrasted with Decapoda. See cuts underr</o/iaf, Aryo- 
nautida, and cuttlefith. Also called Octocera. 
octopodan (ok-top'o-dan), a. and n. Same as 
Octopodidae (ok-to-pod'i-de). n.pl. [< NL.. < Oc- 
topus (-pod-) + -ida-.] A family of octopods or 
octocerons cephalopods, typified by the genus 
Octopus. They have an oval Unless body, and tapering 
