oil-bush 
oil-bush (oil'lmsli), ii. A socket containing oil 
in which iin upright s|)inillc works, running in 
the oil, as in sonic Conns of millstones. 
oil-cake (oil'kuk), . A cuke (.r niiiss of com- 
pressed Iin SIMM l,oi- rape, poppy, ninsl.-i i-d, cotton, 
orol her seeds, from which oil has Keen extracted. 
Unseed i.j[-r:ikr is much lined as ;i fmni for cuttle. Rape 
ni|.r:ikc is used as a fattening food for sheep. These ami 
n[ In i i >il r:ikr - in r alrto valuable as manures. Cotton-seed 
nil-cake is liuu'rly employed in ami exported from the 
sout In in I nitnl states. Oil-cake mill, a mill for cruin- 
lilinu' oil-cake. 
oil-can (oil'kan), n. Any can for holding oil; 
specilically, a small can of various shapes, pro- 
vided with a long, narrow, tapering spout, used 
for lubricating machinery, etc. ; an oiler. 
oil-car (oil'kiir), n. 1. A box-car with open 
sides) for carrying oil in barrels. [U. H.] 2. 
A platform-car with tanks for carrying oil in 
bulk: commonly called a tun/, --cur. [U.S.] 
oil-cellar (oil'seFilr), n. [< ME. oil-cellar.'] 1. 
A cellar for the storage of oil. 
Thyne oil cellar set on the sinner syde, 
Hold out the cold and lettc come In the soune. 
t'alliulitui, Husbondrie (B. E. T. 8.), p. 18. 
2. A metal box attached to the under side of 
the strap of a connecting-rod on a locomotive 
or other engine, in relation with and covering 
holes in the strap that communicate with the 
crank-pin, for holding oil, and applying it to 
the crank-pin through the violent agitation of 
the box when the engine is in motion. 
oil-cloth (oil'kldth), . Painted canvas de- 
signed for use as a floor-covering, etc. See 
Jlour-cloth and linoli-iini. 
oil-cock (pil'kok), n. In mach., a faucet ad- 
mitting oil from an oil-cup to a journal. E.H. 
Ii Ilil/llt. 
oil-color (oil'kul'or), n. 1. A pigment ground 
in oil. See color and paint. 2. A painting 
executed in such colors. See nil-j>aiiitiii//. 
oil-cup (oil'kup), . 1. In mach., a lubricator ; 
a small vessel, of glass or metal, used to hold 
oil or other lubricant, which is distributed au- 
tomatically to the parts of the machine to be 
oiled. 2. An oil-can or oiler. 
oil-de-roset, [ME.,< OP. oile de rose: see oil, 
tli'-. rose.] Oil of roses. 
In every pounde of oil an mice of rose 
Vpurged pnttr, and hange it dayes seven 
In Bonne and moone, and after oUderoge 
We may baptize and name it. 
J'aUadiw, Husbondrie (E. E. T. 8.), p. 15. 
oil-derrick (oil'der'ik), . An apparatus used 
in well-boring for mineral oils, it is a strong 
wooden frame, from 16 to 20 feet square at the base, which 
is formed of heavy sills of oak or other suitable timber, 
and it tapers toward the top, which is from 60 to 75 feet 
above the sills. The corner parts are made of heavy 
pine planks usually about 2 inches thick and 10 inches 
wide, spiked together at right angles, and bound to each 
other by cross-pieces and diagonal braces. A ladder Is 
constructed on one side, extending from the bottom to a 
heavy cast-iron derrick-pulley supported in the upper part 
of the frame. The oil-derrick and its accessories are used 
4097 
T. the oil slowly filtering through the pores. This 
- In rn followed by a variety of inventions, comprising 
oil-bugs phn'cil in water-closet pipes, and devices lor dis- 
tributing <>il when towed by a vessel. The oil-distributer 
n!' M. I ; ust .(n Mrnii-r employs a pump discharging water at 
the water-line, tli rough aperies nfuiitlMiard pipes, the pump 
also taking oil from a receptacle, and mingling It with tin- 
water discharged. The rate of expenditure of oil Is In- 
dicated by a glass gage, and is regulated by a valve. The 
nil -distributer of Captain Townsend of the I'nited States 
Signal Office consistsof a hollow metal glol>e ten in- 
diameter, which holds about 1J gallons of oil, and is kept 
afloat and held in a nearly Axed position relatively to the 
surface of the water by an air-chamber. The oil-chainbei 
has an upper and a lower valve, both of which may be ad- 
justed to permit water to flow in througli the lower, and 
the oil displaced by the water to flow out through the up- 
per valve, at a rate controlled by the adjustment. The oil 
acts mechanically by spreading over the surface of the sea 
in a tenuous Dim, which is sufficient to prevent the waves 
from breaking, and this takes from them their chief power 
for harm. 
oil-dregt, . t. [WE.oyl dredge; <. oil-dregx.] To 
cover or smear with the dregs of oil. 
Then oyldregye It ef te, 
And sandy may thl whete In it be let te. 
Palladium, Husbondrie (E. E. T. s.\ p. 18. 
oil-dregs (oil'dregz), ii.pl. [< ME. *oyte dregges; 
< oil + dregs.'} The dregs of oil. 
oil-dried (oil'drid), . Exhausted of oil; hav- 
ing its oil spent. 
My off-dried lamp and time-bewasted light 
Shall be extinct with age and endless night. 
Shot., Eich. II., I. 3. 221. 
oil-drop (oil'drop), n. The rudimentary um- 
bilical vesicle of some fishes. Science, V. 425. 
oiler (oi'ler), n. 1. An appliance for distribut- 
ing oil to the bearings or rubbing surfaces of 
machines. Types of such devices in common use are- 
sponges saturated with oil and fastened in boxes or cups, 
in positions where they are regularly touched by parts to 
be lubricated ; wicks which transfer oil by capillary action 
from a receptacle to a part otherwise Inaccessible while 
moving ; cups provided with pet-cocks from which the oil 
drops slowly upon parts which cannot be safely reached 
while in action ; tunes extending radially from channels 
in crank-pins to the central axes of the cranks, distributing 
the oil by centrifugal force ; etc. 
2. An oil-can, generally having a long spout 
curved at the outer extremity, used by an at- 
oil-ptunp 
which they preen and dress their plumage; the 
elccodochon. It is a highly developed and spe- 
c in 1 i/.ed sebaceous follicle, present in the great 
majority of birds. See cut under eUeodocli'n,. 
oil-green (oil'gren), n. A color between green 
and yellow, of intense chroma but quite mod- 
erate luminosity. 
oil-hole (oil'hol), n. One of the small openings 
drilled in machines to allow the dripping of oil 
on parts exposed to friction. 
oilily (oi'li-li), adv. In an oily manner; an oil; 
in the manner or presenting the appearance of 
oil ; smoothly. 
Oiiilt/ bubbled up the mere. 
Tennyson, Gareth and Lynette. 
oiliness(oi'li-nes), N. The quality of being oily; 
nnctuousness; greasiness; oleaginousness. 
oil-jack (oil'jak), n. A vessel, usually of cop- 
per or tin, in which oil can be heated. It re- 
sembles tin or copper vessels used for fluid-measures, ex- 
cept that It has a spout resembling that of an ordinary 
pitcher. 
oilless (oil'les), a. [< oil + -less."] Destitute of 
oil ; without oil. 
He compares the life of a dying man to the flickering of 
an oiliest lamp. The American, IX. 137. 
oillett, n. See oilet. 
oilman (oil'man), n.; pi. oilmen (-men). One 
who deals in oils ; one who is engaged in the 
business of r 
producing or 
of selling oil. 
oil-mill (oil'- 
mil), n. 1. 
Any crush- 
ing- or grind- 
ing - machine 
for express- 
ing oil from 
seeds, fruits, 
nutS, etc. oil-mill. Heater, and Press combined. 
Such mills , m ||l ; . heater, heated by steam-jacket ; 
are COmmOn- ' hydraulic press ; rf. pump which works the 
. _ . , press ; e, main driving-shaft. 
ly of the type v 
of the Chilian mill (which see, under mttli). 
2. A factory where vegetable oils are made, 
oil-nut (oil'nut), n. One of various nuts and 
seeds yielding oil, and the plant producing them. 
(a) The butternut of North America. See butternut, (t) 
The buffalo-nut or elk-nut, Pyrularia oletfera, of the Al- 
Broughton's Oiler. 
Spring-oiler. 
A. engine; B, sand-reel ; C. drive-wheel; D, samson-post ; K, temper- 
screw ; F, sand-pump and boiler cable ; G, drill-cable ; H, bull-wheel : 
t, clamps; J, tank ; K. walking-beam. 
to operate the various tools employed In well-boring, such 
as the temper-screw, rope-socket, auger-stem, sinker-bar 
and substitute, jars, bitts, flat reamers, etc. A similar der- 
rick is used for sinking deep wells where water only is 
sought. See well-boring. 
oil-distributer (oirdis-triVu-ter), n. Any de- 
vice or appliance used for the distribution of oil 
over the surface of the sen for smoothing waves 
ami thus obviating theirdcstructive effect. The 
first appliance for this purpn'. \\ tiirh aimed at economy 
in the use of nil, was a porous nll-bai; attached to a rope, 
thrown overliunnl. and towed from the end of a spar or out- 
A. a, outer protectine shell ; *. internal elastic reservoir for oil ; c. 
thumb-piece, by which o may be compressed. B. a, metal body ; *, 
spring ; f, screw-nozle, which may be removed for replenishing with 
tendant for supplying oil to parts of engines or 
other machines. 3. An operative employed to 
attend to the oiling of engines or other ma- 
chinery. 4. A vessel engaged in the oil-trade, 
or in the transportation of oils. [Little used.] 
6. An oilskin coat. [Colloq.] 
As the tide and sea rise, the huge breakers get heavier, 
until Anally they dash over the stands ; some of the more 
daring still stick to their chairs, and with oilers and rubber 
boots defy the waves. Senbner't Mag., V. 881. 
cilery (oi'ler-i), w. [< oil + -ery.] The com- 
modities of an oilman. 
oilett, . [Also oillet, celet, oylct; < OF. oillet, 
oeillet, F. ceillct, dim. of OF. ceil, F. ceil, eye : see 
eyelet, an accom. form.] 1. Same as eyelet. 
2. An eye, bud, or shoot of a plant. Holland. 
oil-factory (oil'fak'to-ri), . A factory where 
fish-oil is made. 
oil-fuel (oil'fu'el), n. Refined or crude petro- 
leum, shale-oil, grease, residuum tar, or similar 
substances, used as fuel. 
oil-gage (oil'gaj), n. A form of hydrometer ar- 
ranged for testing the specific gravity of oils ; 
an oleometer. 
oil-gas (oil'gas), . The inflammable gas and 
vapor (chiefly hydrocarbon) obtained by pass- 
ing fixed oils through red-hot tubes : it may be 
used for purposes of illumination. 
oil-gilding (oirgil'ding), n. A process of gild- 
ing in which the gold-leaf is laid on a surface 
prepared by a coat of size made of boiled lin- 
seed-oil and chrome-yellow and applied with a 
brush. When the oil has dried to a point where it is 
only slightly tack)', the leaf is applied. The chrome-yel- 
low is added so that the sinM may appear more brilliant, 
by reason of the yellow showing through. 
oil-gland (oil'jrland). . In oniith.. the uropy- 
giftl gland of birds, which secretes the oil with 
Branch with Male Flowers of Oil-nut (PjrrHtaria olttfera). 
a, the fniit ; If, a leaf, showing the nervation. 
leghany mountains. The whole shrub, but especially the 
pear-shaped drupe-like fruit, an inch long, is imbued with 
an acrid oil. (c) The castor-oil plant (5) The oil-palm. 
oiloust (oi'lus), a. [< oil + -o*] Oily; ole- 
aginous. Gerard. 
oil-painting (oil'pan'ting), . 1. The art of 
painting with pigments mixed with a drying- 
oil, as poppy-, walnut-, or linseed-oil. Oleoresl- 
ni in- varnishes to protect painted surfaces had been used 
before the fifteenth century, at which time the invention 
of a dry, colorless, and sufficiently liquid vehicle composed 
of linseed- or nut-oil mixed with resin is attributed to the 
noted Flemish painter Van I'.yck. 
2. A picture painted in oil-colors, nil-paint- 
ings are most commonly executed upon canvas, which is 
stretched upon a frame, and covered (or primed) with a 
kind of size mixed with white lead. 
oil-palm (oU'pam), . A palm, Elerix Cuint'in- 
xis. the fruit-pulp of which yields palm-oil. See 
h'.lnis, piilnni nl-oil, and palm-oil. 
oil-plant (oil'plant), n. Same as benne. 
oil-press (oU'pres), n. A machine for express- 
ing vegetable and essential oils from seeds, 
nuts, fruits, etc. It is commonly of a very sim- 
ple type, and operated by a screw or hydraulic 
press. See cut on following page. 
oil-pump (oil'pump), . In mach., a pump to 
raise oil from a reservoir and discharge it upon 
a journal. E. H. Knii/lit. 
