Olea 
carene Inlands, and New Xenlaml. They are small trees 
or shrubs, with valuable banl UIMH!, opposite undivided 
leaves, and rather small fragrant flowers, ehietly in axillary 
clusters. (See otire and utewtler.) 0. uiulnliti'i anil O. Ca- 
lM-ttx<' of the (.'ape of (Jood Hope are there called inm- 
iriuHl and 0. vemtcoea la rall.-il "lire-muni. 0. cusjndata 
in India yields khow-wiNMl. nf which combs, etc., are made. 
O. Cltiui>ii:rt"iiiii>, tin- Mark inaire of New Zealand, yields 
a dense, hard, and duralile wood. 0. jtanicutata Is the 
Queensland olive. 
Oleaceae (6-lo-a'se-e), n. i>I. [XL. (LimHey, 
ls:ir>), < (>li'n' + acme.] An order of dicotyle- 
donous namopetalous trees and shrubs, of the 
cohort Cniliiiiinlis, typified by the genus (Ili/i, 
and characterized by the two stamens and the 
ovary of two cells each with two ovules ; the 
olive family. It embraces 300 species, of 4 tribes and 19 
genera, natives of warm and temperate regions. They 
are generally smooth shrubs, sometimes ellmblng, and bear 
opposite leaves without stipules, usually a small bell- 
shaped four-parted calyx, a four-lobed corolla, large an- 
thers, and a capsule, berry, or drupe as fruit. 
oleaceous (6-le-a'shixis), a. Of or pertaining 
to the Olriimr. 
Oleacinidae (6'le-a-sin'i-de), n. pi. [< Oleai-hm. 
the typical genus, + -idle.] A family of gastro- 
?>ods: same as Glaiidiiiidtr. 
eaginous (6-le-aj'i-nus), a. [= F. oUagineux 
= 8p. l j g. It. olfiit/iiniMi (with suffix -oux, etc., 
(. L. -OXHS) ; Pg. also olcagiiieo, oily, < ML. olcago 
(oleagin-), oil as scraped from the body of a 
bather or wrestler, < L. oleum, oil : see oil.'] 1. 
Having the qualities of oil; oily; unctuous. 
2. Figuratively, effusively and affectedly po- 
lite or fawning; sanctimonious; oily. 
The lank party who snuffles the responses with such 
oleaginous sanctimony. F. W. Farrar, Julian Home, xx. 
oleaginousness (6-le-aj'i-nus-nes), n. The state 
of being oleaginous or oily; oiliness, either lit- 
eral or figurative. 
oleamen (6-le-a'men), n. [< L. oleamen, an oil- 
ointment, (.oleum, oil: see oil.] A liniment or 
soft unguent prepared from oil. 
oleander (6-le-an'der), n. [= D. G. Sw. Dan. 
oleander, < F. olcandre = Sp. oleandro, eloendro 
= Pg. eloeud.ro, loendro = It. oleandro (ML. 
lorandrum, lauriendum, arodandrum), corrupt 
forms, resting on L. olea, olive-tree, and laurux, 
laurel, of L. rhododendron: see rhododendrum.] 
Any plant of the genus Nerium, most often 
N, Oleander, the ordinary species, a shrub of 
indoor culture from the Levant, having lea- 
thery lance-shaped leaves and handsome deep 
rose-colored or white flowers. The sweet oleander 
is N. odorum, a species from India with fragrant blossoms. 
The leaves and flowers of these plants are poisonous, and 
especially the bark. Also called rose -bay. 
oleander-fern (o-le-an'der-fern), n. A widely 
distributed tropical fern, Oleandra neriiformis. 
having coriaceous oleander-like fronds. 
Oleandra (6-le-an'dra), n. [NL. (Cavanilles, 
1794): so called from a resemblance in the 
fronds to the leaves of the oleander; < F. oU- 
andre, oleander : see oleander."] A small genus 
of polypodiaceous ferns, mostly restricted to 
the tropics. They have wide-creeping scandent jointed 
sinus, and entire lanceolate-elliptical fronds, with round 
sort in one or two rows near the midrib. Six species are 
known. 
oleandrine (o-le-an'drin), n. [< oleander + 
-ine't.] An alkaloid, the poisonous principle of 
the oleander. It is yellow, amorphous, and very bitter, 
soluble very slightly in water, but more freely in alcohol 
and ether. U. S. Dispensatory. 
Olearia (6-le-a'ri-a), . [NL. (Moench, 1802), 
said (by Wittstein) to be so named from Adam 
Otarfw (died 1671), librarian to Duke Freder- 
ick III. of Holstein-Gottorp.] A genus of plants 
of the order ( 'onipnuitif.the tribe Asteroidew, and 
the subtribe llrto-ni-lirnmca'. It Is characterized 
by shrubby stems, capillary pappus, naked receptacle, 
achenes not compressed, and involucral bracts many- 
rowed, dry, and without herbaceous tips. There are about 
86 species, 63 in Australia, the others in New Zealand and 
islands near, representing there the northern genus Af- 
ter. They have usually alternate leaves, and rather large 
heads with white or blue ray-flowers and yellow or pur- 
plish disks. The common name dawr-buxh belongs to 
various New Zealand species, and is sometimes adopted 
for all plants of the genus. O. Uicifolia is called New 
Zealand holly. 0. stettulata is the snow-bush of Victoria. 
oleaster (6-le-as'ter), n. [= Sp. Pg. It. oleastro, 
< L. olca-tli'i; the wild olive, < olea, the olive: see 
oli a and -<tntci:] 1. The true wild olive. <Hm 
Olraxtir. 2. Any plant of the genus Eliriiij- 
nnn, especially E. tingnstifolia, also called wild 
oleate (6'le-at), . [< fe(<0) + -a***.] A salt 
of oleic acid. -Oleate of mercury, yellow oxid of 
mercury and oleic acid : used as u substitute for mercurial 
ointment. Oleate of veratrine, vrratrlnc dissolved lii 
oleic acid. 
Olecranal (6-le-kra'nal), a. [< olfrrunnn + -tit. \ 
Pertaining to the olecranon. Also 
258 
4101 
olecranarthritis (6-le-kra-nitr-tiiri'tisi, a. 
[NL., < (ir. u'/.ticpaviir, the point of the elbow, + 
aiiU/iov, joint, -r -itix.] In /mtliol., inflammation 
of the elbow-joint. 
olecranial (6-le-kra'ni-al), a. Same aso/cr/m/. 
olecranoid (6-le-kra'uoid), o. [< olecranon + 
-<nil.] A bad form for olccranul Olecranoid 
fossa. See /OHM i. 
olecranon (6-le-krii'non), n. [Cf. F. 0MonfcM 
< Gr. u'/.i K/xivav, contr. of i>Mv6apav<iv, the point 
of the elbow, < ii/iv>i, the ulna (see ell 1 , ulnu). 
+ upaviov, skull, head: see minium.] A proce-- 
forming the upper or proximal end of the ulna. 
In man the olecranon forms most of the greater sigmold 
cavity of the ulna, is received in the olecranon fossa of 
the humerus during extension of the forearm, and receives 
the insertion of the triceps extensor muscle. It forms the 
bony prominence of the back of the elbow. Also called 
anconeus process. See cut under forearm. 
olefiant (o'le-fi-ant), a. [= F. olefiant, < L. 
nil tun, oil, + -fiturc, make (see -fy).] Forming 
or producing oil defiant gas, the name originally 
given to ethylene or heavy carbureted hydrogen. It Is 
a compound of carbon and hydrogen in the proportion 
expressed by the formula ' '-jll j, and is obtained by heat- 
Ing a mixture of two measures of sulphuric acid and one 
of alcohol. It was discovered in 1796. It is colorless, 
tasteless, and combustible, and has an aromatic ethereal 
odor. It is so called from its property of forming with 
chlorin an oily compound (i' L ,li ,r]._,>, ethylene dichlorid, 
or the oil of the Dutch chemists. 
olefine (6'le-fin), . [< olef(iant) + -iwe 2 .] A 
general name of hydrocarbons having the for- 
mula CnHjH, homologous with ethylene: so 
called from their property of forming oily com- 
pounds with bromine and chlorin, Tike Dutch 
oil or liquid. 
oleic (6'le-ik), a. [< L. oleum, oil (see oil), + 
-ic.] Pertaining to or derived from oil. Also 
i Inii- Oleic add, CigHuOo, an acid which exists in 
most fats In combination with glycerol as a compound 
ether (trtolein), and is obtained from them by saponiflca- 
tion of the fats with an alkali. It is an oily liquid, hav- 
ing a slight smell and a pungent taste, and below II C. 
crystallites In brilliant colorless needles. It enters large- 
ly Into the composition of soaps, forming with potash soft 
soap, and with soda hard soap. 
oleiferous (6-le-if'e-rus), a. [< L. oleum, oil, 
+ ferre = E. 6ear] Producing oil; yielding 
oil : as, oleiferous seeds. 
olein(6'le-in),ro. [< L. oleum, oil, + -in 2 .] One 
of the most widely distributed of the natural 
fats, the trioleic ether of glycerol, having the 
formula CsH^CigHgoOo^. It is a colorless oil at 
ordinary temperatures, with little odor and a faint sweet- 
ish taste, insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol and 
ether. It becomes solid at 21 F. It Is not found pure 
in nature, but the animal and vegetable fatty oils consist 
largely of it. Also eiain. 
Oleineae (6-le-in'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Hoffmanns- 
egg, 1806), < Olea + -ine.] A tribe of the 
order Oleaceae, distinguished by the fruit, a 
drupe or berry with a single seed, it contains 
11 genera, of which Olea (the typical genus), PMUyrea. 
Otmanthttt, Chionanthiu, Linocitra, Xotetaa, and Liyiu- 
trtmi are important. 
olema, n. See ulema. 
olent, client, . [Appar. a form of the word 
which is represented in E. by eland (D. eland, 
G. elend, elen, etc.): see eland.'] The eland. 
Hee commannded them to kill flue (Hem or great Deere. 
Hatiuyt't Voyage*, I. 284. 
Their beasts of strange kinds are the Losh, the Ollen, 
the wild horse. Uaklvytt Voyages, 1. 479. 
olent (6'lent). a. [< L. ole*s (olent-), ppr. of 
olere, smell. Cf. odor, etc.] Smelling; scented. 
The cup he [a butterfly] quaffs at lay with nirnt breast 
Open to gnat, midge, bee, and moth as well. 
Browning, Ring and Book, n. 128. 
oleo (o'le-6), n. 1. An abbreviated form of 
oleomargarin. 2. Same as oleo-oil. 
oleograph (6'le-o-graf), n. [< L. oleum, oil, + 
Gr. ypdtjKiv, write.] A picture produced in oils 
by a process analogous to that of lithographic 
printing. 
Oleograpbic (6'le-o-graf 'ik), a. [< oleograph-y 
+ -ir.] Of or pe'rtaiuing to oleography, 
oleography (6-le-og'ra-n), . [< L. oleum, oil, 
+ Gr. -ipafia, (.'ypaQe'iv, write.] 1. The art or 
process of preparing oleographs. 
Oleography differs from chromo-lithography only in 
name, and is a mere vulgar attempt to imitate oil paint- 
ing. Encyc. Brit., XIV. 700. 
2. A process, devised by Moffatt, for identifying 
oils by the study of their characteristic lace-like 
patterns when floating on water. 
oleomargarin, oleomargarine (6'le-o-mar'ga- 
riu), n. [< L. oleum, oil, + E. margarin.] A 
granular solid fat of a slightly yellowish color, 
obtained from the leaf-fat or caul-fat of cattle : 
so named by the inventor of the process of its 
preparation. The fat is first carefully cleaned from 
adhering Impurities, as bits of flesh, etc., and then thor- 
olfaction 
oiighly wimhrd in nilri aii ;. It Is next rendered at a 
trnijM-nitinr of l:;o to 17."i K., ami tlir mixture of oilj 
pi'Hliu-th tlni- obtained is slowly and partially rooh-il, till 
a part of tin- st.aiin and nalmatin has crymalliwi out. 
I nl-r great hydraulic pressure tlu; parts which still i 
main fluid are pressed out ; after a time tin sr solidify, and 
UP irady for market. This substam-4- h t- l m largely 
used as an adulterant nf butter. Win n ! m u uar in Is 
churned in a liquid state with a certain proportion of frt'Kh 
milk, a huttrr is priilum! which mixes with it, while the 
buttermilk Imparts n flavor of fu-h butter to the mass, 
makinl.' so pnfi-ct an imitation that it can Bcarcrh !> 
distinguished by taste from fresh butter. A refined 
fat strongly resembling that obtained from beef-fat Is 
got from lard by similar treatment Also, In commerce, 
called simply olio. 
oleometer (6-le-om'e-ter), . [< L. oleum, oil, 
+ Gr. /II'T/UIV, 'measure.] An instrument for 
ascertaining the weight and purity of oil ; an 
eleeonii t. i-. 
oleon (6'le-on), n. [< L. oleum, oil: see oil.] 
A liquid obtained by the distillation of a mix- 
ture of olein and lime. 
oleo-oil (o'le-6-oil), n. A deodorized low-grade 
fat, used as an adulterant of dairy products, 
and for other purposes. Also called neutral 
lard and oleo. [Trade-name.] 
oleophosphoric (6'le-o-fos-for'ik), a. [< L. ole- 
um, oil, + E. phosphoric.] Consisting of olein 
and phosphoric acid: applied to a complex acid 
contained in the brain. 
oleoptene (6-le-op'ten), . Same as ebuoptene. 
oleoresin (p'le-o-rez'in), n. [< L. oleum, oil, + 
renina, resin: see resin.] 1. A natural mixture 
of an essential oil and a resin, forming the vege- 
table balsams. 2. Iiiphar., a fixed or volatile 
oil holding resin and sometimes other active 
matter in solution, obtained from ether tinc- 
tures by evaporation. The oleoresins used in medi- 
cine are those of Aspidimn or male-fern, capsicum, cubeb, 
iris, lupulin, ginger, and black pepper ; the last is nearly 
the same as the substance long known as oil of black pep- 
per, a by-product In the manufacture of plperina. 
oleoresinous (o'le-o-rez'i-nus), a. [< oleoresin 
+ -ous.] Of the nature of oleoresin. 
Dissolving any oleo-rexinmtx deposit in a little rectified 
spirit. Workshop Receipt*, 2d ser., p. 289. 
oleosaccharuni (6'le-o-sak'a-rum), n. [< L. ole- 
um, oil, + Nii.saccharum, sugar: scesaccharum.] 
A mixture of oil and sugar, which is somewhat 
more miscible with water than oil alone. 
oleose (6'le-os), a. [< L. oleosus, oily : see ole- 
ous.] Same as oleous. 
It's not unlikely that the rain-water maybe endued with 
some vegetating or proliflck virtue, deriv d from some sa- 
line or oleose particles it contAins. 
Ray, Works of Creation, L 
oleosityt (6-le-os'i-ti), n. [< oleose, oleous, + 
-ity.] The property of being oleous or fat ; oili- 
ness; fatness. 
Bow knew you him? 
By his viscosity, 
His aleosU.il, and his suscltabilitv. 
n. Jonton, Alchemist, ii. 1. 
oleous (6'le-us), o. [= F. huilevx = Sp. Pg. It. 
oleoso, < L'. oleosvs, oily, < oleum, oil : see oil.] 
Oily; having the nature or character of oil. 
Also oleose. 
It is not the solid part of wood that Imrnrtli. but the 
olema moisture thereof. Holland, tr. of Plutarch, p. 820. 
oleraceous (ol-e-ra'shius), . [< L. oleraceug, 
resembling herbs, < olus (oler-), pot-herbs. Cf. 
alexanders.] In hot., of the nature of a pot- 
herb ; fit for kitchen use : applied to plants hav- 
ing esculent properties. 
Olericulturally (pl'e-ri-kul'tur-al-i), adv. With 
reference to olericulture; in 'olericulture. 
The Dwarf Kales. De Candolle does not bring these 
into his classification as offering true types, and in this 
perhaps he is right. Yet, otericulturally considered, they 
are quite distinct Amer. Nat., XXII. 807. 
Olericulture (ol'e-ri-kul'tur), . [< L. olus, 
(oler-), a pot-herb, + cullura, culture.] In gar- 
dening or agriculture, the cultivation of plants 
having esculent properties, particularly such as 
are pot-herbs. 
olf (olf), M. [Said to be a var. (if so, through 
elf) of olp, a var. of a/p 1 , the bullfinch.] The 
bullfinch , Pyrrn ula vulgaris. Also olp and blood- 
olp. [Prov.Eng.] Oreenolf. Sameas^reyfnA,l. 
oliact (ol-fakf), v. t. [< L. olfactare, smell at, 
freq. of olfaccre, smell, scent, < olere, smell, + fa- 
cere, make: see fact.] To smell. [Humorous.] 
There is a Machiavelian plot. 
Though every nare olfaet It not. 
S. Butter, Hudibras, I. I. 742. 
olfaction (ol-fak'shon). M. [< olfaet + -ion.] 
The sense of smell or faculty of smelling; an 
olfactory act or process ; smell; scent. 
He thought a single momentary nlfactim at a phial con- 
taining a globule the size of a mustard seed, moistened 
with the decilllonth potency of aconite, Is quite sufficient. 
^,|tf,. XXXVII. 289. 
