over 
head ; clouds hang oner the lake ; a lamp hurned over the 
altar. 
The priest shall command that one of the birds be killed 
in an earthen vessel over running water. Lev. xiv. 5. 
Take not, good cousin, further than you should, 
Lest you mistake the heavens are o'er our heads. 
Shak., Rich. II., iii. 8. 16. 
The Kallfs built several of them [mosques] as mausole- 
ums over the places in which they were to be buried. 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. i. 121. 
Hence (6) Overlooking or overhanging. 
In less than a mile we arrived at that convent [of St. 
Saba], which is situated in a very extraordinary manner 
on the high rocks over the brook Kedron. 
Pococke, Description of the East, II. 1. 34. 
(c) Above in authority or in the exercise of power, gov- 
ernment, supervision, or care. 
They said, Nay ; but we will have a king otter us. 
1 Sam. viii. 19. 
The eyes of the Lord are oner the righteous, and his ears 
are open unto their prayers. 1 Pet. iii. 12. 
Let Somerset be regent o'er the French. 
SAa*.,2Hen. VI., i. 3. 209. 
He hath no more autority over the sword than over the 
law. Milton, Eikonoklastes, x. 
Wed thou our Lady, and rule oner us. 
Tennyson, Holy Grail. 
(d) Above in strength, dignity, excellence, value, or charm : 
expressing eminence or superiority as ascertained by com- 
parison, contest, or struggle, and hence implying overcom- 
ing, victory, triumph, exultation : as, victory over tempta- 
tion. 
Who might be your mother, 
That you insult, exult, and all at once, 
Over the wretched ? 
Shak., As you Like it, iii. 5. 37. 
Angelick quires 
Sung heavenly anthems of his victory 
Over temptation and the tempter proud. 
Milton, P. R., iv. 595. 
There are none who deserve superiority over others in 
the esteem of mankind who do not make it their endeavour 
to be beneficial to society. Steele, Spectator, No. 248. 
There he fights, 
And there obtains fresh triumphs o'er himself. 
Cowper, Task, vi. 937. 
(e) Above in height, extent, number, quantity, or degree ; 
higher, deeper, or more than ; upward of : as, oner head 
and ears in debt or in love ; over a thousand dollars. 
I, man, was made to knowe my maker 
And to love hym oner alle thyng. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. FurnivallX p. 186. 
A man may go over shoes in the grime of it. 
Shak., C. of E., iii. 2. 106. 
Madame de Villedeuil became indebted to Madame 
Eloffe to the extent of over two hundred livres for a pres- 
entation dress. Fortnightly Rev., N. S., XIII. 287. 
(/) In her. , resting upon and partly covering. Thus, a lion 
over a fesse means that the lion is charged upon the fesse, 
either contained within its borders or projecting beyond 
them, as distinguished from above, which means placed 
higher on the escutcheon. 
2. About or upon, so as to cover; upon and 
around. 
A lady with a handkerchief tied over her cap. 
Dickens, David Copperfleld, xiii. 
In cold weather the chiefs wear over the shirt an Aba, 
or cloak. R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. 842. 
3. On; upon; to and fro or back and forth 
upon, expressing relation of repeated or con- 
tinued movement or effort ; through or in all 
parts of (often with all) : as, to ramble over the 
fields ; to pore over a book ; to think over a pro- 
ject ; to search all over the city. 
Thare the grete ware gederyde, wyth galyarde knyghtes, 
Garneschit over the grene felde and graythelyche arayede. 
Mmte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 721. 
He'll go along o'er the wide world with me. 
Shak., As you Like it, i. 3. 134. 
They wash a way the drosse and keepe the remainder, 
which they put in little baggs and sell it all over the coun- 
try to paint there bodyes, faces, or Idolls. 
Quoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, 1. 178. 
There came letters from the court at Connecticut, . . . 
certifying us that the Indians all over the country had 
combined themselves to cut off all the English. 
Winthrop, Hist New England, II. 95. 
Thousands at his bidding speed, 
And post o'er land and ocean without rest. 
MUtan, Sonnets, xiv. 
To pore over black-letter tracts. 
Irving, Sketch-Book, p. 222. 
As I rose and dressed, I thoughtooerwhathad happened, 
and wondered if it were a dream. 
Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre, xxiv. 
4. About ; concerning ; in regard to ; on account 
of: as, to cry over spilt milk; to fret over a 
trifle. 
Likewise joy shall be in heaven over one sinner that re- 
penteth, more than over ninety and nine just persons, 
which need no repentance. Luke xv. 7. 
I will be more jealous of thee than a Barbary cock- 
pigeon over his hen. Shak. , As you Like It, iv. 1. 151. 
I do heartily entreat him to be careful and tender over 
her. Quoted in Winthrofe Hist. New England, I. 273. 
Then they need not carry such an unworthy suspicion 
over the Preachers of Gods word as to tutor their unsound- 
nesse with the Abcie of a Liturgy. 
Milton, On Def. of Humb. Bemonst. 
4194 
Tender hearts. 
And those who sorrow'd o'er a vanish'd race. 
Tennyson, Aylmer's Field. 
5. Across, (a) From side to side of : implying a passing 
above a thing, or on the surface of it : as, to leap over a 
wall ; to fly over a lake ; to sail over a river. 
Come o'er the bourn, Bessy, to me. 
Shak., Lear, iii. 6. 27 (song). 
Certain lakes and pits, such as that of Avernus, poison 
birds which fly over them. Bacon. 
The poor people swim over the river on skins filled with 
wind. Pococke, Description of the East, II. i. 164. 
"First over me," said Lancelot, " shalt thou pass." 
Tennyson, Pelleas and Ettarre. 
(b) On the other side of. 
I haue bene garre make 
This crosse, as yhe may see, 
Of that laye ottere the lake, 
Men called it the kyngis tree. 
York Plays, p. 339. 
Also ovyr the watyr on the other syd, which ys distant 
a Calabria xxii] myle, ys the vie of Cecyll. 
Tvrkington, Diarie of Eng. Travell, p. 64. 
She does not seem to know she has a neighbour 
Over the way ! 
Hood, Over the Way. 
6. Across, in such a way as to rest on and de- 
pend from: as, to carry a cloak over one's arm. 
Now this lustful lord leap'd from his bed, 
Throwing his mantle rudely o'er his arm. 
Shak., Lucrece, 1. 170. 
7. During the continuance or duration of; to 
the end of and beyond: as, to keep corn over 
the winter ; to stay over night or over Sunday. 
As by the bok, that bit no body to with-holde 
The hure [hire] of his hewe [servant] ouer eue til a morwe. 
Piers Plowman (C), iv. 310. 
If any thing be wanting for a smith, let it be done over 
night Swtft, Duty of Servants. 
8. While engaged in or partaking of : as, they 
discussed the matter over a bowl of punch, or 
over a game of billiards. 
Peace, you mumbling fool ! 
Utter your gravity o'er a gossip's bowl ; 
For here we need it not. 
Shak., E. and J., iii. 5. 175. 
Men that . . . talk against the immortality of the soul 
over a dish of coffee. Steele, Taller, No. 135. 
He [Garth] sat so long over his wine that Steele reminded 
him of his duty to his patients. 
Ashton, Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, II. 98. 
From over, (a) From a position on or upon. 
When the cloud was taken up/rom over the tabernacle, 
the children of Israel went onward. Ex. xl. 36. 
(6) From the other side of : as, from over the sea. Over 
all. (at) See all. (b) In the measurement of ships, ma- 
chinery, and, in general, of objects which have overhang- 
ing or projecting parts (as the bowsprit of a vessel, the fly- 
wheel of an engine, etc.), in a straight line between the 
most widely separated extremities, inclusive of such parts 
or projections. Over and above, over and besides or 
beside, in addition to ; beyond ; besides. 
Gold and silver, which I have given to the house of my 
God, over and above all that I have prepared for the holy 
house. 1 Chron. xxix. 3. 
Over and beside 
Signior Baptista's liberality, 
I'll mend it with a largess. 
Shak.,T. oftheS.,1. 2. 149. 
Over coast', from one coast or country to another. 
Hit was the formast on flete that on flode past, 
That euer saile was on set vpon salt water, 
Or euer kairet ouer cost' to cuntris O f er. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. 9.), 1. 280. 
Over head and ears, over the ears. See up to the ears, 
under earl. Over seas, abroad ; to foreign lands. 
As if a man could remember such things for so many 
years even if he had not gone over seas. 
Scott, Peveril of the Peak, xxvi. 
Over that i, moreover ; also. 
The f urst artycle. Weleth that we haue graunted [etc. ]. 
. . . The second artycle. And ouer that we haue graunt- 
ed [etc.]. 
Charter of London (Rich. II.), in Arnold's Chron., p. 15. 
Over the bay, drunk ; more than "half-seas over." [Col- 
loq.]=Syn. Over, Above. Above expresses greater elevation, 
but not necessarily in or near a perpendicular direction ; 
over expresses perpendicularity or something near it : thus, 
one cloud may be above another, without being over it Over 
often implies motion or extension where above would not ; 
hence the difference in sense of the flying of a bird over or 
above a house, the hanging of a branch over or above a wall. 
In such uses over seems to represent greater nearness. 
II, adv. 1. On the top or surface; on the 
outside. 
In the desk 
That 's cover'd o'er with Turkish tapestry 
There is a purse of ducats. 
Shak., C. of E., iv. 1. 104. 
She passed pastures and extensive forest-skirted up- 
lands crimsoned over with the flowering sorrel. 
5. Judd, Margaret, ii. 1. 
2. In all parts ; in all directions ; throughout : 
often with att. See all over, under all. 
A south-west blow on ye 
And blister you att o'er! Shak., Tempest, i. 2. 323. 
The vaulty top of heaven 
Figured quite o'er with burning meteors. 
Shak., K. John, v. 2. 53. 
over 
Sable curls all silver'd o'er with white. 
Shak., Sonnets, xii. 
Down the long beam stole the Holy Grail, 
All over cover'd with a luminous cloud, 
And none might see who bare it 
Tennyson, Holy Grail. 
3. From side to side ; in extent or width ; across. 
This laughing King at Accomack tels vs the land is not 
two dales iourney ouer in the broadest place. 
Quoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, II. 63. 
At the top [of the hill] is a plain about 3 or 4 miles over. 
Winthrop, Hist. New England, II. 107. 
The fan of an Indian king, made of the feathers of a pea- 
cock's tail, composed into a round form, bound together 
with a circular rim, above a foot over. N, Oreu*. 
The width of a net is expressed by the term over: e. g., 
a day-net is three fathoms long and one over or wide. 
Encyc. Brit., XVII. 359. 
4. Across from this or that side (to the other) ; 
across an intervening space to the other side. 
Her boat hath a leak, 
And she must not speak 
Why she dares not come over to thee. 
Shak., Lear, iii. 6. 30 (song). 
But I'm told Sir Oliver is coming osier? nay, some say 
he is actually arrived 1 Sheridan, School for Scandal, iii. 3. 
I boated over, ran 
My craft aground, and heard with beating heart 
The Sweet-Gale rustle round the shelving keel. 
Tennyson, Edwin Morris. 
5. Yonder; in the distance; in a direction in- 
dicated : as, over by the hill ; over yonder. 
Over by Dalhem a dome-spire sprang white. 
Brownino, How they Brought the Good News from Ghent 
[to Aix. 
6. By actual and complete transference into 
the possession or keeping of another: as, to 
make over property to one ; to deliver over pris- 
oners ; to hand over money. 
This I say therefore, and testify in the Lord, that ye 
henceforth walk not as other Gentiles walk, . . . who be- 
ing past feeling have given themselves over unto lascivi 
ousness. Eph. iv. 19. 
My Lord Biron, see him deliver'd o'er. 
Shak., L. L. L., i. 1. 807. 
This question, so flung down before the guests, . . . 
Was handed over by consent of all 
To one who had not spoken, Lionel. 
Tennyson, Lover's Tale, The Golden Supper. 
7. So as to reverse (something) ; so as to show 
the other or a different side : as, to roll or turn 
a stone over. 
Turn over a new leaf. 
Middletan, Anything for a Quiet Life, iii. 3. 
8. Above the top, brim, rim, or edge : as, the 
pot boils over. 
My cup runneth over. Ps. xxiii. 5. 
Give, and it shall be given unto you ; good measure, 
pressed down, and shaken together, and running over, 
shall men give into your bosom. Luke vi. 38. 
9. Throughout; from beginning to end ; thor- 
oughly. 
I have heard it over, 
And it is nothing, nothing in the world : 
Unless you can find sport in their intents. 
Shak., M. N. D., v. 1. 77. 
I since then have number'd o'er 
Some thrice three years. 
Tennyson, In Memoriam, Conclusion. 
10. In excess ; beyond that which is assigned 
or required; left; remaining: as, nineteen con- 
tains five three times and four over. 
That which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept 
until the morning. Ex. xvi. 23. 
That they may have their wages duly paid 'em, 
And something over to remember me by. 
Shak., Hen. VIII., iv. 2. 151. 
11. In or to an excessive degree; too; exces- 
sively: as, to be over careful; over hot; over 
hasty : in this sense commonly written as in 
composition, with a hyphen. 
Or thay flitte over farre vs froo, 
We sail garre feste tham foure so fast. 
York Plays, p. 88. 
Tertullian over often through discontentment carpeth 
injuriously at them. Hooker, Eccles. Polity, iv. 7. 
Gray night made the world seem over wide, 
And over empty. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, III. 265. 
12. Again; once more: as, I will do it of er. 
My villany they have upon record ; which I had rather 
seal with my death than repeat over to my shame. 
5Ao*., Much Ado, v. 1. 248. 
The thoughts or actions of the day are acted over and 
echoed in the night Sir T. Browne, Dreams. 
13. In repetition or succession: as, he is rich 
enough to buy and sell you twice over. 
Yon shall have gold 
To pay the petty debt twenty times over. 
Shak., M. of V., iii. 2. 309. 
She weeps : 
'Sdeath ! I would rather tight thrice o'er than see it. 
Tennyson, Princess, vi. 
