over-rake 
(The ship] was laid over on one side two and a half hours, 
BO low as the water stood upon her deck, and the sea over- 
raking her continually. 
Winthrop, Hist. New England, II. 75. 
OVerrank (o-ver-rangk'), it. Too rank or luxu- 
riant. 
Oh great corrector of enormous times, 
.shaker of o'er-rank states ! 
Fletcher (and another), Two Noble Kinsmen, v. 
overrate (6-ver-raf), r. t. To rate or estimate 
too highly. 
Sir, you o'er-rate my poor kindness. 
Shak., Cymbeline, i. 4. 41. 
overrate (6'ver-rat), n. An excessive estimate 
or rate. 
At what an overrate I had made purchase. Massinger. 
overreach (6-ver-rech'), v. [< ME. overrechen ; 
< orer + reach 1 . ^ I. trans. If. To overtake. 
Madam, it so fell out, that certain players 
We o'er-raught on the way. 
Shak., Hamlet, iii. 1. 17. 
2. To reach beyond in any direction; rise above; 
extend or go beyond. 
And now is no Man in Grace but the new Marquess of 
Sulfolk ; all Favours from the King and Queen must pass 
by him, and the Extent of his Power overreacheth all the 
Council. Baker, Chronicles, p. 188. 
A common error when working to windward in a race 
for the purpose of rounding a weather mark-boat, is for a 
boat to overreach herself that is to say, stand on farther 
than necessary for weathering the mark. 
Qualtrough, Boat Sailer's Manual, p. 138. 
3. To deceive by cunning, artifice, or sagacity ; 
cheat; outwit. 
For that false spright . . . 
Was so expert in every subtile slight 
That it could overreach the wisest earthly wight. 
Spenser, F. Q., IV. li. 10. 
Upon my life, by some device or other 
The villain is o'er-raught of all my money. 
They say this town is full of cozenage. 
Shak., C. of E., i. 2. 96. 
4. To reach or stretch too far. 
She over-reached her right arm. and felt pain in the 
shoulder. Lancet, No. 3466, p. 241. 
= Syn. 3. To dupe, circumvent, cozen, gull, bamboozle, 
take in. 
II. intrans. In the manage, to strike the toe 
of the hind foot against the heel or shoe of the 
fore foot : said of a horse. Overreaching device, 
an attachment to the foot or leg of a horse to prevent 
overreaching. 
overreacher (6-ver-re'cher), n. 1. One who 
overreaches; one who deceives. 2. A horse 
that overreaches. 
OVerread (6-yer-red'), v. t. [< ME. overreden, 
< AS. oferreedan, read over, consider, < ofer, 
over, + r&dan, read: see reoa 1 .] To read over; 
peruse. 
Many other bokes that I haue sought & ouerredde for to 
accomplysshe hit. 
Rom. of Partenay (E. E. T. S.), Pref., p. vi. 
You shall anon over-read it at your pleasure. 
Shak., M. for M., iv. 2. 212. 
OVerread (6-ver-red'), . Having read too 
much. 
For him as for few in this overread age literature meant 
the time-tested masterpieces. 
The Academy, May 4, 1889, p. 305. 
overreckon (6-ver-rek'n), v. t. To reckon, 
compute, or estimate in excess. 
If we will needs over-reckon our condition, we do but 
help to aggravate our own wretchednesse. 
Bp. llall, Balm of Gilead, ix. 
God, if he were a doer of good, oner-reckon his good 
deeds ; and if he were an evil-doer, pass over his evil-do- 
ings. E. W. Lane, Modern Egyptians, III. 164. 
overredt (6-ver-red'), v. t. To smear with a 
red color. [Bare.] 
Go prick thy face, and over-red thy fear, 
Thou lily-liver'd boy. Shak., Macbeth, v. 3. 14. 
over-refine (6''yer-re-fin'), v. i. To refine too 
much ; refine with an undue amount of subtlety. 
over-refinement (o'ver-re-fin'ment), . Ex- 
cessive refinement; refinement with excess of 
subtlety or affectation of nicety. 
over-rent (6-ver-renf), v. i. To exact too high 
a rate of rent; rack-rent. 
The lords and landed otter-rent, 
And cunningly the same 
The parasite doth ouer-reach, 
And beares away the game. 
Warner, Albion's England, v. 22. 
override (6-ver-rid'), v. t. [< ME. overriden (= 
D. overridden = G. iiberreiten = Dan. override) ; 
< over + ride.] 1. To ride over; hence, to 
trample down; supersede: as, a decision that 
overrides all previous decisions. 
Thare myghte mene see Eomaynez rewfully wondyde, 
Over-redyne with renkes of the round table ! 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1524. 
4204 
The cartere, overryden with his carte, 
Under the whel ful lowe he lay adoun. 
Chaucer, Knight's Tale, 1. 1104. 
I wol that reaume ouer-ride and rediliche destrite. 
William of 1'nleriie (E. E. T. S.), 1. 4147. 
Whatever reluctance other members of the tribe have 
to recognize the leadership of any one member is likely 
to be over-ridden by their desire for safety when recogni- 
tion of his leadership furthers that safety. 
//. Spencer, Prin. of Sociol. , 473. 
2. To ride too much; fatigue by riding. 
How like a troop of rank oreridden jades 
Yon bushy-bearded citizens appeare ! * 
Heywood, 1 Edw. IV. (Works, ed. Pearson, I. 27). 
3. To outride ; pass in riding. 
I over-rode him on the way. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., i. 1. 30. 
4. In surg., to overlap: said of a fragment of a 
broken bone in relation to another fragment. 
To override one's commission, to discharge one's office 
in too arbitrary a manner, or with too high a hand. 
over-righteous (6-ver-ri'tyus), a. Righteous 
overmuch; affecting excessive sanctity. Soget. 
overripe (6-ver-rip'), a. Too ripe; also, in an 
intensive use, more than ripe. 
Thy years are ripe and over-ripe; the son 
Of Macedonian Philip had ere these 
Won Asia, and the throne of Cyrus held 
At his dispose. UUton, P. R,, Ui. 31. 
We may not be forced to trust the matter so long agi- 
tated, and now overripe for settlement, to chance, to the 
unopened future. Gladstone. 
OVerripen (6-ver-ri'pn), i'. t. To make too ripe. 
Why droops my lord, like over-ripen'd corn, 
llaiiidiu: Hie ln::id at ('civs' ]>li'ntcux load? 
Shak., 2 Hen. VI., i. 2. 1. 
overroast (o-ver-rosf), v. t. To roast too much. 
Better 'twere that both of us did fast, 
Since, of ourselves, ourselves are choleric, 
Thau feed it with such over-roasted flesh. 
Shak., T. of the S., iv. 1. 178. 
overrule (6-ver-rol'), I. trans. 1. To rule 
against ; reject ; pronounce to be invalid or un- 
tenable; set aside: as, the plea was overruled. 
All these objections . . . were overruled ; so that I was 
obliged to comply. Goldsmith, Vicar, x. 
He overrides or reverses, with the most philosophical 
coolness, many of the decisions made by Jeffreys and other 
hanging judges among his predecessors. 
Whipple, Ess. and ILr\ ., I. 17. 
2. To have sway over ; exercise rule or control- 
ling influence over ; control. 
Civil law, being the act of the whole body politic, doth 
therefore overrule each several part of the same body. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, i. 10. 
My lord, you shall o'er-rule my mind for once. 
Shak., Rich. III., iii. 1. 57. 
3. To influence or turn in another direction, 
or to another course of action, by greater au- 
thority or power: as, the accident was over- 
ruled for good. 
Good faith, you shall not ; I will overrule you. 
/;. Jonson, Every Man in his Humour, ii. 1. 
He talked a good deal about honour, and conscience, 
and deceiving some dear friend ; but, lord, we soon over- 
ruled that. Sheridan, The Duenna, iii. 2. 
But God o'errules all human follies still, 
And bends the tough materials to his will. 
Cowper, Charity, 1. 463. 
II. intrans. To exercise control ; prevail. 
When a world of men 
Could not prevail with all their oratory, 
Yet hath a woman's kindness over-ruled. 
Shak., 1 Hen. VI., ii. 2. 50. 
OVerruler (6-ver-ro'ler), n. One who controls, 
directs, or governs. Sidney, Defense of Poesy. 
overrulingly (6-ver-ro'ling-li), adv. In an over- 
ruling manner. 
overrun (6-ver-run'), v. [< ME. 'overrunnen, 
averrennen, overrinnen; < over + run.'] I. trails. 
1. To run over in speech or in thought; trav- 
erse ; go over. 
Thus much, Sir, I have briefly overronne to direct your 
understanding to the wel-head of the History. 
Spenser, F. Q., To the Reader. 
Clifford, but bethink thee once again, 
And ir thy thought o'er-run my former time ; 
And, if thou canst for blushing, view this face. 
Shak., 3 Hen. VI., i. 4. 45. 
2. To run or spread over; grow over; cover all 
over; extend over or throughout; be propa- 
gated throughout. 
Till the tears that she hath shed for thee 
Like envious floods o'er-run her lovely face, 
She was the fairest creature in the world. 
Shak., T. of the S., Ind., ii. 67. 
Of all false religions, the Mahometan came nearest to 
the Christian in the swift manner of its propagation ; for 
in a small time it over-ran a great part of the eastern 
w *>rld. Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, I. iv. 
Stone walls overrun with privet and barberries. 
Longfellow, Kavanagli, xxi. 
3. To harass by hostile incursions; overcome 
and take possession of by invasion. 
overseaming 
It is easye to forraie and overrunne the whole lande. 
Spettser, State of Ireland. 
An army have I muster'd in my thoughts, 
Wherewith already France is overrun. 
Shale., 1 Hen. VI., i. 1. 102. 
4. To outrun ; run faster than (another) and 
leave (him) behind. 
Anaxius followed me ; but his proud heart did so disdain 
that exercise that I had quickly over-run him. 
Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, ii. 
By M' Allertons faire propositions and large promises, 
I have over rune my self e. 
Shirley, quoted in Bradford's Plymouth Plantation, p. 309. 
In pursuit of his interests, he made all the doubles which 
he thought necessary to attain his object. He often over- 
ran his prey, and missed that which he might have gained 
by observing a straighter course. Scott, Monastery, xxiii. 
5. To nm beyond; exceed; especially, to go 
beyond some prescribed or recognized limit, as 
of space or time. 
The bounty overruns our due, 
The fulness shames our discontent. 
Whittier, For an Autumn Festival. 
6. To run over or run down ; tread down; over- 
whelm; crush by superior force. 
Keeping his cattle in inclosure where they shall always 
have fresh pasture that now is all trampled and overrun. 
Spenser, State of Ireland. 
Such is thy wont, that still when any Knight 
Is weakned, then thou doest him over-ronnc. 
Spenser, F. Q., IV. i. 44. 
7. In prin ting, to extend, as composed types, 
beyond the limit first determined; carry over 
(words or lines) to the next line, column, or 
page To overrun the constable. Same as to outrun 
the constable (b) (which see, under constable). 
II. intrans. 1. To become superabundant or 
excessive ; overflow ; run over. 2. To extend 
beyond the due or desired length, as a line or 
page in printing, or beyond any prescribed or 
desired limit, as in the paying out of a line from 
a reel, etc. 
overrunner (6-ver-run'er), ti. One who over- 
runs. 
Vandal o'er-runners, Goths in Literature. 
Lovelace, Lucasta, ii. 
OVersail (6-ver-sal'), v. i. In arch., to project 
beyond the general face. 
OVersay (6-ver-sa'), v. t. ; pret. and pp. overpaid, 
ppr. oversaying. To say over; repeat. Fwd. 
[Rare.] 
overscapet, >. t. [ME. werscapen ; < over + 
scape^.J To escape. 
Whiche for to counte is but a jape, 
As thynge whiche thou myjte overscape. 
dower. (HaUiweU.) 
oyerscent (6-ver-senf), v. t. To scent exces- 
sively ; scent so as to cover or conceal the ori- 
ginal odor. 
Sanders himself having the stench of his railing tongue 
over-scented with the fragrant ointment of this prince's 
memory. Fuller, Ch. Hist., II. 303. 
OVerscore (6-ver-skor'), v. t. ; pret. and pp. over- 
scored, ppr. overscoring. To score or draw a line 
or lines over ; erase by drawing lines over. 
It had originally been written London, and afterwards 
carefully overscored not, however, so effectually as to con- 
ceal the word from a scrutinizing eye. 
foe, Prose Tales, I. 379. 
over-scrupulous (6-ver-skro'pu-lus), a. Scru- 
pulous to excess. 
Men are not apt to be over-scrupulous as to measures 
which they deem essential to their personal safety. 
Prescott, Ferd. and Isa., ii. 7. 
over-scrupulousness (6-ver-skro'pu-lus-nes), 
it. The quality of being over-scrupulous; ex- 
cess of scrupulousness. 
over-scutched (6-ver-skuchf), a. Probably, 
over-switched, over- whipped, or over-drubbed. 
And sung those tunes to the over-scutched huswives that 
he heard the carmen whistle. Shak., 2 Hen. IV., iii. 2. 340. 
oversea (6'ver-se'), adv. To or in a place be- 
yond the sea ; abroad. Scott, Peveril of the 
Peak, xxvi. 
oversea (6-ver-se'), a^ [< oversea, adv. Cf. AS. 
oferscelic, also oferscewisc, from over the sea, 
transmarine.] Foreign; from beyond the sea. 
Some far-journeyed gentlemen, at their return home, 
like as they love to go in foreign apparel, so they will 
powder their talk with oversea language. 
Sir T. Wilson, Art of Rhetoric, iii. 
OVerseam (o'ver-sem), n. A seam in which 
the thread is, at each stitch, passed over the 
edges of the margins sewed together, in such a 
manner as to bind the edges; an overhand seam. 
OVerseam (6-ver-sem'), v. i. To do over- 
seaming: same as overcast, 6, and overhand. 
overseaming (6'ver-se-ming), n. A kind of sew- 
ing in which, while the margins of two pieces 
are seamed together, the thread is also laid 
