pain 
made oaa sprrinl (K-r:isimi in.i\ iv.iuire. Imp. Diet. Lan- 
cinating pain. see laminate. OB r underpain of, 
under penalty of. 
I observe that to such grievances as society cannut 
readily cure It usnt.lly fmhiils utterance, tin pain o/ Its 
scorn. Charlotte llmni*, Shirley, xxll. 
To die in the paint, to be tortured to death. 
And uf o thyiiKc ryght Hiker maystow be, 
That eerteln for to dyen in the i*\iix, 
That 1 Bhal never mo ilisovi . i. Hie. 
Chaucer, Trollus, 1. 674. 
To take pains, ti> be careful ; make an effort. Seedef. :i. 
Riot In the Waste of that Estate 
Which thou hast taken so much I'aiiu to get 
Conyreut, linit. of Horace, II. xiv. 4. 
= Syn. 2. Pain, Ache, Tiringe. All the words expressing 
physical pain are applicable, by familiar and therefore 
not emphatic iluinv, to p.m of mind. I'ain Is the general 
term ; ache represents n continued local pain ; it Is often 
compounded with a word expressing the place, as head- 
achf, loothache. Ttringe represents a sudden, momentary 
pain, as though one had been griped or wrung. .See at/ony. 
2 (''. Bitterness, heartache, affliction, woe, burden. 
pain 1 (pan), r. [< ME. pai/iu-ii, /H-inm. /*< ///, 
OF.peiner, pcner, jtainer, pwiirr. I'. /K iner = 
Sp. Pg. penar = It.penare, sML.jiuvmre, inflict 
as a penalty, punish, < L. paena, penalty ,jpain : 
aeepain l ,n.] I. trans. If. To inflict suffering 
upon as a penalty or punishment ; torture ; 
punish. 
Fals witnes vpon him thel berid, 
And nailed him upon the roode, 
And pruned him there til that he deled. 
Uymmt to Virgin, etc. (E. E. T. S.), p. 48. 
On that Roche dropped the Woundes of our Lord, whan 
he was paynrd on the Crowe ; and that Is cleped Golgatha. 
Mini:/, i ill,-. Travels, p. 70. 
2. To trouble or annoy with physical or men- 
tal suffering, (o) To render physically uneasy ; Inflict 
physical pain upon ; distress. 
Excess of heat as well as cold imii us. Locke. 
(o) To render uneasy In mind ; trouble or annoy with men- 
tal suffering ; distress ; disquiet ; grieve. 
I am pained at my very heart. Jer. IT. 19. 
A coarse taste Is one which finds pleasure inthingswhich 
pain the fully developed normal man by suggestions of 
physical pain, immorality, and so forth. 
./. Sully, Outlines of Psychol., p. 544. 
3f. To cause to take pains ; put to exertion : 
used reflexively. 
VVherfor I am, and wol ben ay redy 
To peynen me to doyow this servyse. 
Chaucer, Trollus, 1. 969. 
So blessed beo Peers Plouhman tliatpeynftfi hym to tulle, 
And trauaileth and tuleth fora tretour al-so sore 
As for a trewe tydy man alle tymesylyke. 
Fieri Plowman (C), nil. 4S9. 
4. To put to trouble or pains. [Rare.] 
O, give me pardon, 
That I, your vassal, have employ'd and pain'd 
Your unknown sovereignty ! 
Shak., M. for M., v. 1. 891. 
= Syn. 2. To hurt, agonize, torment, torture, rack, excru- 
ciate. 
Il.t intrans. To suffer; be afflicted with pain. 
And Grace gaf hym the croys with the corone of thornes, 
That Crist vp-on Caluarie for mankynde on peynede. 
Piers Plowman (C), all. 324. 
pain' 2 !, . [ME., also payn, payne, < OF. pain, F. 
pain = Sp. pan = Pg. p&o = It. pane, < L. pants, 
in., sometimes pane, neut., bread, a loaf; akin 
to pabulum, food, paseere, feed: see pasture. 
Hence, from L. pants, ult. E. panter&, pantry, 
appanage, etc.] Bread. 
The prophete his payn eet In penaunce and wepyng. 
Fieri Plowman (A), vlii. 106. 
Than take youre loot of light paune as y haue said gett. 
Babeei Book (E. E. T. 8.), p. 138. 
pain 3 t, a. An obsolete spelling of pane 1 . 
painablet (pa'na-bl), a. [< pini + -able. Cf. 
penible.] Capable of giving pain ; painful. 
The manicles of Astyages were not, therefore, the less 
weighty and pttinable for being composed of gold or silver. 
Evtltjn, Liberty and Servitude, II. 
paindemainet, . [ME., also payndemayn, also 
l>iiyiiin<ti/in; i>nyae maync, paynman, also simply 
dt'inni/n, < OF. jiain demaine, < ML. panig do- 
iiiiniriix. lit. -Lord's l>iv:i<l,' so callril bi-oansi- 
stamped with a figure of Christ: L. pants, bread ; 
LL. dominions, of the Lord: see dominical."] 
Bread of peculiar whiteness; the finest and 
whitest bread. 
WTiyt was his face as payndemavn. 
Chaucer, Sir Thopas, 1. 14. 
pained 1 (l>and), ti. [< paini + -ed 2 .] Having 
pain; indicating pain; as, a pained expression. 
Visit the speechless sick and still converse 
With groaning wretches; and your task shall be ... 
To enforce the pained Impotent to smile. 
Shot., I. L. L.,v. 2. 864. 
pained-t, a. An obsolete form of paned. 
painful (pau'ful), . [< ME. paynful; < /ii- 
+ /?.] 1 . That gives or is characterized by 
4233 
pain; of a nature to pain, render uneasy, or in- 
Ilii-t suffering, whether bodily or im-ntal: .iis- 
In'ssin^'. us, a /minl'iil ojirration in surgery; a 
/miiifitt effort; a painful sul>j.-.-t. 
The aged man that coffers-tip his (juld 
Is plagued with cramps and gouU anil jxtiitful flU. 
Shale., Luerecc, 1. 856. 
It was, Indeed, painful to be daily browbeaten by an 
enemy. Maeaulay, Hist. Eng., vl. 
2. That requires or necessitates labor, exer- 
tion, care, or attention ; troublesome ; difficult ; 
toilsome. 
Our gaynew and our gilt are all beuntrch'd 
With rainy marching in tli. ;"'".'"' Held. 
Shale., Hen. V., Iv. S. 111. 
A painful passage o'er a restless flood. 
Coicper, Hope, I. 3. 
3f. Painstaking; industrious; busy; careful; 
laborious; hard-working. 
I think we have some as pain/ul magistrates as ever was 
in England. Latiiitfr, Sermons, p. 142. 
We will you deliuer him one or more of such pain/uU 
young men as he shal thinke mectest for his purpose. 
HaUuyfi Voyage*, I. 801. 
A moderate maintenance distributed to every painjutt 
.Minister, that now scarce sustains his Family with Bread. 
Milton, Reformation In Eng., ii. 
= Syn. 1 and 2. Racking, agonizing, tormenting, tortur- 
ing, excruciating, arduous, severe, grievous, trying, afflic- 
tive. 
painfully (pan'ful-i), adv. In a painful man- 
ner. (a) With suffering of body ; with affliction, uneasi- 
ness, or distress of mind. (o) with great pains or pains- 
taking ; laboriously ; with toll : with careful effort or dili- 
gence. (c) Oppressively ; unpleasantly : as, a floor look- 
Ing painfully clean. 
painfulness (pan'ful-nes), . The state or 
quality of being painful, in any sense of that 
word. 
Fainfulneait by feeble means shall be able to gain that 
which in the plenty of more forcible Instruments is through 
sloth and negligence lost Hooker, Eccles. Polity, v. f 22. 
painimt, painimryt. Seepaynim, paynimry. 
painless (pan'les), a. [< paini + -less.] Free 
from pain ; not attended with pain : as, a pain- 
less surgical operation. 
painlessly (pan'les-li), adv. In a painless 
manner; without suffering or inflicting pain. 
painlessness (pan'les-nes), n. The state or 
character of being painless : as, the painless- 
ness of certain diseases. 
painstaker (panz'ta'kfer), n. One who takes 
pains ; a careful, laborious person. 
I'll prove a true paint-taker day and night. <lnii. 
painstaking (pauz'ta'king), n. The taking of 
pains; assiduous and careful labor. 
Then first of all began the dalles to fortifye their campes, 
and they were dismayde in heart, bleause they were men 
not acquainted with paynet takymje. 
Golding, tr. of Csssar, fol. 190. 
For my pained-taking that day the king greatlye com- 
mended me, and honorably rewarded me. 
Webbe, Travels (ed. ArberX p. 84. 
painstaking (panz'ta'king), a. That takes 
pains or trouble ; characterized by close, care- 
ful, assiduous, or conscientious application or 
labor ; industrious ; laborious and careful : as, 
a painstaking person. 
The good burghers, like so many painttaking and perse 
vering beavers, slowly and surely pursuing their labors. 
Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 166. 
painstakingly (panz'ta'king-li), adv. With 
painstaking, or careful attention to every de- 
tail ; carefully. 
painsworthy (panz'wer'THi), a. Deserving of 
pains or care; recompensing pains or care. 
Edinburgh Rev. 
paint (pant), r. [Early mod. E. also paynt, 
peinet; < ME. payitten, peinten, peyntyn, poynten, 
< OF. 'peinter, paincter (= Sp. Pg.pintar), freq. 
of paindre, poindrc, F. peindre (pp. peint, paint, 
point, F. peint) = It. pimere, pingere, < L. pin- 
gere, paint : see picture.} I. trans. 1. To coat 
or cover with a color or colors; color or cover 
with a paint or pigment. 
There be two tables of our blessyd Lady, which seynt 
Luke paynted with his awne handes at Padowa. 
Sir R. Guylforde, Pylgrymage, p. 6. 
She painted her face and tired her head. 2 Kl. ix. 30. 
To gild refined gold, to paint the lily. 
Shot., K. John, Iv. 2. 11. 
2. To depict or delineate in colors or paints of 
any kind, usually on a prepared surface ; rep- 
resent in colors ; represent in a picture : as, to 
paint a landscape or a portrait; to paint a battle- 
scene; also, to execute in colors: as, to paint a 
picture. 
The iilith tyme he ahewyd the pepyll a plctur poyntyd 
on a clothe, of the passion of our lorde. 
. 
erkington, Dlarie of Eng. Travel], p. 3. 
paint 
On the south side of the wall of another court, there 
was a very pretty and merry story van 
Coryat, Crudities, I. 78. 
A couple, fair 
As ever painter painted, poet sang. 
Tennyton, Aylmer's Field. 
3. Figuratively, to delineate, depict, or de- 
scribe in words; present vividly to the mind'B 
eye; set forth or represent as in a pictnn : 
formerly with out: as, to jminl the joys of 
heaven. 
Their infamous life and tyrannies were layd open to all 
the world, their miserable ends painted out In playes and 
pageants, to shew the mutabllitie of fortune. 
Pitttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesle, p. 49. 
Claud. Disloyal? 
It. John. The word Is too good to paint out her wlcked- 
nes*. Shak., Much A.I.., iii. :. 112. 
He painted to himself what were Dorothea's Inward sor- 
rows, as if he had been writing a chorlc wall. 
Georyt Eliot, Ml.ldleniarch, xzzvlL 
4. To color, deck, decorate, or diversify ; orna- 
ment; adorn. 
Is al this printed proces soyd, alas, 
Ryght for this fyn? Chaucer. Trollus, II. 424. 
He can purtraye wel the pater-noster and peynte it with 
auea. Piers Plowman (II), XT. 176. 
The Rose and Lilly paint the verdant Plains. 
Congreve, Birth of the Muse. 
Ye mists and exhalations, that now rise 
From hill or steaming lake, dusky or gray, 
Till the sun imnt your fleecy skirts with gold. 
MOton, P. L., T. 187. 
Knaves are men 
That . . . point the gates of Hell with Paradise. 
Tennyinn. Princess, IT. 
To paint coffee, to color the berries of coffee artificially 
with a view to defraud. To paint out. (a) see def. :). 
(A) To erase or blot out by covering with pigmenU : as, to 
paint out an unsatisfactory picture. To paint the town 
red, to go on a boisterous and disorderly spree. [Slang, 
U.S.] 
Mere horse-play ; it Is the cow-boy's method of painting 
the town red, as an Interlude In bis harsh monotonous life. 
The Century, XXXVI. 888. 
II. intrans. 1. To practise painting; use pig- 
ments in depicting faces, scenes, etc. 
My Lord mighty merry ; among other things, saying that 
the (jueen Is a very agreeable lady, and paintt well. 
Fepyt, Diary, L ML 
2. To lay artificial color on the face, usually with 
the view of beautifying it; hence, to blush. 
Let her paint an inch thick, to this favour she must come. 
Shak., Hamlet, v. 1. 213. 
Mn. Fitz. You make me paint, sir. 
Wit. They are fair colours, 
Lady, and natural ! 
B. Jonton, Devil Is an Ass, II. 2. 
3. To indulge in strong drink ; drink. [Slang.] 
The Muse is dry, 
And Pegasus doth thirst for Illppocrene, 
And fain would paint Imbibe the vulgar call 
Or hot or cold, or long or short. 
Kimjley, Two Years Ago, ralv. (Dariet.) 
4f. To counterfeit ; disguise. 
Andy wole ncithlr glose nepeynt, 
But y waarne thee on the othlr side. 
Babeei Book (E. E. T. S.), p. 61. 
paint (pant), n. [< paint, r.] 1. A substance 
used in painting, composed of a dry coloring 
material intimately mixed with a liquid vehicle. 
It differs from a dye In that It Is not designed to sink Into 
the substance to which It is applied, but to form a super- 
ficial coating. The term mrment is sometimes restricted 
to the dry coloring material of which a paint is made. 
2. Color laid on the face ; rouge. 
His colours laid so thick on every place, 
As only show'd the paint, but hid the face. 
Dryden, To Sir Robert Howard, 1. 76. 
All paintt may be said to be noxious. They Injure the 
skin, obstruct perspiration, and thus frequently lay the 
foundation for cutaneous affections. Dunfftiton. 
3. In rubber-manuf., any substance fixed with 
caoutchouc in the process of manufacture, for 
the purpose of hardening it. Various materials 
are employed, such as whiting, plaster of Paris, 
sulphate of zinc, lampblack, pitch, etc Copper 
paint, a paint composed of finely divided metallic copper 
mixed with a medium, usually oil and wax, used to coat the 
bottoms of vessels to prevent fouling. Indian paint, (a) 
The red Indian paint. Sanguinaria Canadenrig, the blood* 
root, (b) The yellow Indian paint, U ydrastit Canademu, 
the yellow puccoon, or yellowroot. LlthlC paint. See 
lithic?. Luminous paint, a paint made by heating pow- 
dered oyster-shells and sulphur together in a closed cru- 
cible. This forms a polysulphid of calcium, which Is mixed 
with a mastic varnish to form the paint. The polysulphid 
of calcium has the peculiar property of emitting in dark- 
ness light which It has previously absorbed. Luminous 
paint has been used for clock -dials, match-safes, lanterns 
for powder-magazines, etc. It has been suggested for 
many other purposes, but the amount of light emitted is 
so small that Its practical application has failed except 
under a few special conditions. Mineral paint, any dry 
earthy material powdered and used as a paint : specifical- 
ly, a hematite Iron ore so used. Mixed paints, paints 
prepared by the manufacturer In a condition ready to be 
used by the consumer. Paint is usually sold in the form 
