Panisc 
Panisc, Panisk (pan'isk), n. [< L. /V///J.WH.V, 
< Ur. UavloKof, dim. of ndi; Pan: see /VoiS.] 
In myth., the god Pan pictured as a satyr: an 
inferior manifestation of the personality of Pan. 
The PanMt, and the Sylvans rude, 
Satyrs, and all that multitude. 
B. Jonson, The Penates. 
PaniSGUS (pii-nis'kus), . [L., < Gr. Havi'twof : 
see Panisc.']' 1. In myth., same as Panisc. 2. 
[NL.] In en torn., a genus of hymenopterous in- 
sects. 
Panislamic (pan-is-lam'ik), a. [< pan- + Is- 
lam + -ic.] Relating to or concerning all Is- 
lam, or all Mohammedan peoples or countries; 
of the nature of or having to do with Panislam- 
ism. 
The most famous, after the Pan-Islamic pilgrimages, 
are the great Shiite sanctuaries. Encyc. Brit., XIX. 93. 
Panislamism (pan-is'lam-izm), n. [< pan- + 
Islamism.] A sentiment or movement in favor 
of a union or confederacy of all Mohammedan 
nations, particularly for ends hostile to non- 
Mohammedans. 
panivorous (pa-niv'o-rus), . [< L. pants, 
bread, + rorare, devour.] Eating bread; sub- 
sisting on bread. 
panjam (pan'jam), n. [E. Ind.] Cotton long 
clotli of a kind manufactured in southern India. 
panjandrum (pan-jan'drum), n. [Also rarely 
panjandarum ; a word used by Samuel Foote 
in a string of rigmarole as a test for Macklin, 
who boasted of his memory; < pan-, all, + 
-jandrum, a Latin-looking element of no mean- 
ing.] An imaginary personage of much power 
or pretension ; a burlesque potentate, plenipo- 
tentiary, or Great Mogul. 
And there were present the Picninnies, and the Joblil- 
lies, and the Garyulies, and the grand Panjandrum him- 
self. S. Foote, quoted in Pointer's Biog. Essays, p. 366. 
" Well, no, not exactly a nobleman." "Well, some kind 
of a panjandarum. Hasn't he got one of their titles?" 
H. James, Jr., Harper's Mag., LXXVII. 86. 
pank (pangk), v. Same as pan ti. [Prov. Eng.] 
panlogism (pan'16-jizm), n. [< Gr. jrdf (TTOV-), 
all, + /W/of, word, < Uyew, speak: see Logos,~\ 
The doctrine that the universe is the realization 
of the Logos, 
pan-man (pan'man), n. A man having charge 
of pans in manufacture. 
This communication between pan and roaster is closed 
during the working of the batch by a sliding damper . . . 
under the ready control of the pan-man. 
Spans' Encyc. Manuf., I. 108. 
panmelodion (pan-me-16'di-on), n. [< pan- + 
melodion.~\ A musical instrument played by 
means of a keyboard, the tone being produced 
by the friction of wheels on metal bars. It was 
invented by Franz Leppich in 1810. 
panmixia (pan-mik'si-a), n. [Prop, 'pammixia 
(cf. Gr. KO.fijUKTof, Trafi/iiyfic, mixed of all sorts), 
< Gr. Trdf (TTOV-), all, + filftf, mixing, < /uyvi'vat, 
mix: see mix 1 .'] The principle of cessation or 
reversion of natural selection. 
Weismann calls this principlepanmma because, by such 
withdrawal of natural selection from any particular part, 
promiscuous breeding ensues with regard to that part. 
Nature, XLI. 437. 
panmug (pan'mug), M. An earthenware crock 
in which butter is sent to market. It contains 
about half a hundredweight. [Local, Eng.] 
pannade (pa-nad'), . [< OF. pannade, pen- 
nade, penadie, a curvet (> pannader, pennader, 
penader, paonnader, F. panader, strut), < paon- 
ner, pavonner, strut like a peacock, < paon, < 
L. paro(n-), peacock: see pawn s and pea*.~\ 
The curvet of a horse. 
pannage (pan'aj), n. [Formerly also pannage, 
pawnage; < ME. *panage, pownage, < OF. pasn- 
agc, panaige (ML. reflex panagium, pannagium, 
pasnagium), prob.< ML.j>asnaticum, "pastiona- 
ticum, the right of pasturing swine in woods, 
< L. pastio(n-), pasturing, < pascere, feed: see 
pasture. Some confusion with L. panis, bread, 
may have occurred.] 1. The money taken by 
agistors for the privilege of feeding hogs upon 
the mast of the forests. Wharton. 2. The 
mast of beech, acorns, etc., used as food for 
swine. 
They eten mast, hawes, and sv/yclipoimage. 
Chaucer, Former Age, 1. 7. 
What usefull supplies the pannage of England would 
afford other Countries, what rich returnes to it selfe, if it 
were not slic'd out into male and female fripperies ! 
S. Ward, Simple Cobler, p. 31. 
Pannaria {pa-na'ri-a), n. [NL. (Delessert, 
1825), <L. pan nus, a cloth: see pane 1 .'] An ex- 
tensive genus of parmeliacepus lichens, typical 
of the family Pannariei, having a subfoliaceous 
thallus, which is either monophyllous or lacini- 
4260 
ately multifid, becoming nearly crustaceous, 
and bearing mostly scutellifonn apothecia. 
Pannariei (pan-a-ri'e-i), n. ]>l. [NL., < Pan- 
nuria + -ei.] According to the classification of 
Tnckerman, a family of parmeliaceous lichens, 
taking its name from the genus Pannaria. The 
thallus is usually more or less lead-colored, 
horizontal, and frondose-foliaceous or most 
commonly squamulose. 
pannariine (pa-na'ri-in), a. In l>ot., belonging 
to or resembling the genus Pannaria. 
pannary (pan'a-ri), a. and n. Seepanary. 
pannelt, . and V. An obsolete form of panel. 
pannellationt, n. See panellation. 
Pannetier green. See greeni. 
panneuritis (pan-nu-ri'tis), n. [NL., < Gr. mif 
(7rai>-), all, + NL. neuritis, q. v.] Universal neu- 
ritis Panneuritis endemica (or epidemica), beri- 
beri. 
pannicle 1 ! (pan'i-kl), . [Also pannikell, pan- 
nikel; < OF. pannicle, panicle, < ML. "pannicula, 
dim. of panna, a pan: see pan 1 .'] The brain- 
pan ; the skull ; the crown of the head. 
To him he turned, and with rigor fell 
Smote him so rudely on the Pannikell 
That to the chin he clefte his head in twaine. 
Spenser, 1\ Q., IU. v. 23. 
pannicle 2 (pau'i-kl), n. [= It. pannicula, < L. 
"pannicula, fern. dim. of pannus, a cloth, ML. a 
surface, etc. : see pannieulus.] In anat., a mem- 
brane; also, same as pannieulus carnosus: more 
fully called fleshy pannicle. See also dermohu- 
meralis. 
pannieulus (pa-nik'u-lus), . ; pi. panniculi 
(-11). [NL., < L. pannieulus, a small piece of 
cloth, a rag, dim. ofpannus, a cloth: see pane 1 .] 
A layer of muscles or other tissues; specifical- 
ly, an abbreviated form foT pannieulus adiposus 
or pannieulus carnosus (see below) Pannlc- 
ulus adiposus, a layer of subcutaneous areolar tissue, 
containing fat in its meshes, connecting the true skin with 
the subjacent fascia. Pannieulus carnosus, the layer 
or system of subcutaneous muscles, by which movements 
of the skin and some superficial parts may be effected, as 
in the dog or horse. Such muscles are largely developed in 
most mammals, though only to a slight degree in man, in 
whom they are represented by the platysma myoides and 
the other muscles of expression, as well as some others in 
different parts of the body. The pannieulus of a horse is 
that muscle by which the animal shakes flies off its skin. 
The pannieulus of the hedgehog is the orbicularis, by 
means of which the animal rolls itself up in a ball. The 
body of the oniithorhynchus is almost entirely invested 
in a pannieulus of extraordinary extent and thickness. 
pannier 1 (pan'ier), . [Also panier ; < ME. pa- 
nier, panyer, panyere, payner, paner, < OF. pa- 
nier, panyer, F. panier (> Pr. panier = Sp. panera 
= It.pamere), m., also paniere, panyere, f ., abas- 
ket, hamper, pannier, < li.ptmarium, a bread- 
basket, neut. of *panarius, adj., pertaining to 
bread, < panis, bread : see pain' 2 . Cf. pannier 2 .] 
1. A bread-basket; a basket for provisions; 
hence, any wicker basket. 
I counte nat a panyer ful of herbes 
Of scole termes. 
Chaucer, Merchant's Tale, 1. 324. 
Dependent on the baker's punctual call, 
To hear his creaking panniers at the door. 
Cowper, Task, i. 245. 
2. One of a pair of baskets slung across the 
back of a beast of burden to contain a load. 
I wil sel mi horse, mi harneis, pottes and paniers to. 
Plane of Jtobyn Hade (Child's Ballads, V. 427). 
Store of household goods, in panniers slung 
On sturdy horses. Wordsworth, Excursion, vii. 
3. A basket for carrying objects on the back 
of a man or woman, used in mountainous coun- 
tries and where the use of beasts of burden is 
not common. 4. An adjunct of female dress, 
intended to distend the drapery of the skirt at 
the hips. It consisted essentially of a light framework 
of whalebone or steel wire of suitable form, secured at the 
waist ; it is now also made of the material of the dress, 
puffed and made full. 
Dresses, tight at the waist, began to be made very full 
round the hips by means of ... a monstrous arrangement 
of padded whalebone and steel, which subsequently be- 
came the ridiculous paniers that were worn almost down 
to the present century. Encyc. Brit., VI. 472. 
5f. Apart of a woman's head-dress; a stiff frame, 
as of wicker or wire, to maintain the head-dress 
in place. 6. In arch., same as corbel^. 7. A 
shield of twisted osiers used in the middle ages 
by archers, who fixed it in the ground in an up- 
right position and stood behind it. 8. In hy- 
draul. engin., a basket or wickerwork gabion 
filled with gravel or sand, used in the construc- 
tion of dikes, or to protect embankments, etc., 
from the erosion of water. 
pannier 2 (pan'ier), . [Also panier; < OF. 
"panier, < LL. panarhts, a bread-seller, prop, 
adj., < L. panis, bread : see^ain 2 . Cl.patmieri, 
panomphean 
pantry, pantlcr.] In the inns of court, for- 
merly, a servant who laid the cloths, set the 
salt-cellars, cut bread, waited on the gentlemen 
in term-time, blew the horn as a summons to 
dinner, and rang the bell ; now, one of the do- 
mestics who wait in the hall of the inns at the 
time of dinner. Also pannier-man. [Eng.] 
panniered (pan'ierd), a. KjxHwier 1 + -erf 2 .] 
Loaded, as a beast of burden, with panniers; 
provided with or carrying panniers. Words- 
worth, Peter Bell, i. 
pannier-hilt (pan'ier-hilt), n. A basket-hilt. 
[Bare.] 
Your dun, rusty, 
Pannier-hilt poniard. 
B. Jonson, Tale of a Tub, ii 1. 
pannier-man (pan'ier-man), n. Same as pan- 
Hier 2 . 
pannikelt, n. See pannicle^. 
pannikin (pan'i-kin), . [< panl + -i- + -kin. 
Cf. mannikin, etc.] A small pan ; hence, a cup 
for drinking, especially one of metal. 
But when we raised the pannikin . . . there was nothing 
under it. R. D. Kackmore, Lorna Doone, lii. 
panning-machine (pan'ing-ma-shen' 1 '), . A 
biscuit- or cracker-kneader. It rolls and shapes 
the dough, and deposits it on pans in suitable 
portions ready for baking. 
pannont, An old spelling of pennon. 
Pannonia leather. Same as leather-cloth. 
Pannonian (pa-no'iii-an), a. and w. [< L. Pan- 
nonia, Gr. Hawovia, Pannonia (see def .), + -an.] 
I. . Of or relating to Pannonia or the in- 
habitants of. Pannonia, an ancient Roman prov- 
ince south and west of the Danube, compris- 
ing parts of modern Austria, Hungary, Bosnia, 
Slavonia, etc. It was divided into several prov- 
inces under the later empire. 
II. n. A native or an inhabitant of Pannonia. 
pannose (pan'os), a. [= Sp. pafloso = It. pan- 
noso, ragged, < L. pannosus, rag-like, ragged, 
(pannus, cloth, rag: see pane 1 .] In hot., hav- 
ing the appearance or texture of felt or woolen 
cloth. 
pannosely (pan'os-li), adv. In a pannose man- 
ner. 
pannous (pan 'us), . [< pannus + -ous. Cf. 
pannose.'] Pertaining to or of the nature of 
pannus. 
pannus (pan'us), n. [NL., < L. pannus, cloth 
(web): see pane 1 .] Superficial vascular opaci- 
ty of the cornea. Pannus crassus, a very vascular 
and opaque form of pannus. Pannus siccus, pannus 
associated with xerosis. Pannus tenuis, a form of pan- 
nus in which the blood-vessels are few and scattered, and 
the cloudiness inconsiderable. 
pannuscorium (pan-us-ko'ri-um), n. [A bad 
compound of L. panmis, a cloth, a garment, + 
corium, leather.] A kind of soft leather-cloth 
used for boot- and shoe-uppers. 
panny (pan'i), n. ; pi. pannies (-iz). [Origin ob- 
scure.] A house: a cant term. Halliwell. 
pannyaring (pan'i-ar-ing), w. [Appar. of Afri- 
can origin, with E. suffix -(/!.] The system, 
practised on the Gold Coast, of putting one per- 
son in pawn for the debt of another: sup- 
pressed by British influence in 1874. 
The jurisdiction of England on the Gold Coast was de- 
fined by the bond of the 6th of March, 1844 an agreement 
with the native chiefs by which Her Majesty receives the 
right of trying criminals and repressing human sacrifices, 
pannyaring, &e. Encyc. Brit., X. 786. 
panocha (pa-no'cha), n. [Mex.] A coarse 
grade of sugar made in Mexico. 
The sugar and panocha exported ... to the Mexican 
Gulf ports and coast of Lower California. 
U. S. Cons. Rep., No. Ixvii. (1886), p. 602. 
panococo (pan-o-ko'ko), . [S. Amer.] 1. One 
of the necklace-trees, Ormosia coccinea. 2. A 
large tree, Swartzia tomentosa, of Guiana, whose 
trunk is supported by several narrow but- 
tresses. It affords a very hard and durable dark-colored 
wood. Also spelled panacoco and panococco. Also called 
palo santo. 
panoistic (pan-o-is'tik), a. [< Gr. n-df (TTCV-), all, 
+ $6v, egg, + -istie."] Producing ova only : ap- 
plied to the ovaries of some insects, as distin- 
guished from those which are meroistic, or pro- 
duce vitelligenous cells as well as ova. 
So far as is at present known, only the Orthoptera and 
the Pulicida) possess panoistic ovaria. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 381. 
Panolia deer. See deer. 
panomphean (pan-om-fe'an), a. [< L. PIIIIOII/- 
pheeus, < Gr. iravoiupatof, sender of all ominous 
voices (an epithet of Jupiterl, < irdf (TCV-), all, 
+ OjU0ak>f, prophetic, < ofx/ii/, the voice of a god, 
oracle.] Giving all divination or inspiration : 
sending all ominous and prophetic voices : an 
epithet of Zeus or Jupiter. [Rare.] 
