papeterie 
numental, containing paper and other mate- 
rials for writing. 
papeyt, [Also imppi-y; appar. < pape*-.] 1. 
A house where papes or priests resided. 
Then come you to the papey. a proper house, wherein 
some time was kept a fraternitic, or brotherhood of s. 
I'harltlc, and S. John Evangelist, called the papey (f|or 
poore impotent Priests (for in some language I'riests are 
called Tapes). Stoat, London (ed. 16II3X p. 166. 
2. A fraternity of priests in Aldgate ward, Lon- 
don, suppressed by tMward VI. llalliicetl. 
Paphia (piVli-il), . [NL., fern, of L. Paphius, 
Puphian: see /'u/iliian.] The typical genus of 
Paphian (pa'ft-an), . and . [< L. Paphius, < 
Gr. nd<t>iof, Paphiau, < Or. Ildpoc, L. Paphos, Pa- 
phits, a town in Cyprus celebrated for its temple 
of Aphrodite.] I. a. 1. Of or pertaining to 
Paphos, a city of Cyprus sacred to Aphrodite 
(Venus), and containing one of her most cele- 
brated temples. 
For even the Paphian Venus seems 
A goddess o'er the realms of love, 
When silver-shrined In shadowy grove. 
D. O. Roaetti, Jenny. 
Hence 2. Pertaining to Aphrodite or herrites. 
3. [I. c.~] In conch., of or pertaining to the 
Pajihiidte. 
II. it. 1 . An inhabitant of Paphos ; a Cypriot 
or Cyprian. 2. A prostitute. Brewer. 3. 
[/. <.] In conch., any member of the Paphiida. 
Paphiidae (pa-fi'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Paphia 
+ -Mas.] A family of siphonate bivalves, typi- 
fied by the genus Paphia. They have the siphons 
distinct and divergent, the shell aubtrigonal, with the 
ligament lodged in an internal cardinal pit, the cardinal 
teeth simple, compressed, and the lateral teeth rudimen- 
tary. The principal genera are Paphia and Ervillia. 
Most of these shells are found in tropical seas. 
Papian code. See code. 
papier (pap-ia'), n. [F. : see paper."] Paper. 
Papier bulle, a paper of a yellowish or rose color used by 
draftsmen and by architects for their working drawings. 
Sometimes Incorrectly written papier BUM. Papier 
glace. Same as ice-paper. Papier Joseph, tine silk pa- 
per, or tissue-paper. Papier mache. See papier-mAchi 1 . 
Papier pelure, a very thin but smooth. Him and elastic 
semi-transparent paper, used for covering candy-boxes, 
jelly-pots, etc., and for writing-paper when it U desirable 
to have it light for correspondence. Papier verge, a 
paper which, when viewed by transmitted light, appears 
closely marked with parallel lines of greater transparency 
than the intervening spaces. 
papier-mache (pap-ia'ma-sha'), . [F. papier 
mdche, macerated paper : papier, < L. papyrus, 
paper (see paper); nidche, pp. of mdcher, chew, 
macerate, < L. masticare, chew : see nuisticate.] 
A material composed principally of paper (to 
which other substances may be added to impart 
special qualities), usually prepared by pulping 
a mass of paper to a doughy consistence, wnich 
can be molded into any desired form. Ornaments 
for panels and ceilings, picture-frames, and the like, ana- 
tomical models, jars, boxes, and even boats and car-wheels, 
are made from it. A finer sort is made by pasting together 
whole sheets of paper of a particular kind ; in this way trays 
and dishes are made, a mold regulating the exact curve of 
the rim, etc., a thin tray often consisting of forty or flfty 
thlcknessesof paper. Ceramic papier-mache.a papier- 
mache prepared oy a special formula requiring the incor- 
poration with the paper-pulp of resin, glue, potash, dry- 
ing-oil, and other ingredients. When kneaded, it acquires 
the consistency of plastic wax or clay, and may he colored 
as desired, and molded into any shape. When .Idol It has 
many of the properties of wood is hard, strong, and ad- 
mits of being cut, carved, or polished. 
papilette (pap-i-lef), . [OF., also papikte, 
Cniiiilctte,papillote,papillotte, a spangle, lit. a 
tterfly : see papillate."] Same as paillette. 
Papilio (pa-pil'i-6), n. [NL. (Linnseus), < L. 
inii>ilio(n-j, a butterfly ; whence ult. E. pavilion, 
u. v.] If. [1. c.] A general name of all lepi- 
dopters before the introduction of the binomial 
nomenclature in zoology. 2. A notable genus 
of butterflies: a name variously used, (a) By 
Linnaeus (1758), for all butterflies then known : equivalent 
to KhoptHocera. (6) By Fabricius (1793), for butterflies of 
4269 
pean swallowtail, P. machaon. u the type specie* of the 
genus ; Hcudder (1872) decide* that P. antiupa ls the type. 
If) most entomologists the name Is now restricted to 
swallow -tailed butterflies having ample wings, triangu- 
lar fore wings, 
himl wings con- 
cave next to the 
body and usually 
extended behind 
Into a tail before 
the anal angle, and 
outer niiiik'in of 
bind wings den- 
tale, with the teeth 
quite prominent Full-frown Larva, half natural . of Phile 
near the tall. Die nor SwallowuU (Pafnlu fhiUnitr . 
genus thus defined 
Is of world-wide distribution, with about 850 species. The 
common yellow and black butterfly of North America, P. 
tvrma, Is agood example. Another Is theconimon swal- 
low-tailed butterfly of Europe, P. inachatm, with long an- 
tenna;, very short palpi, and the hind wings tailed. Tills 
species expands about three and one half Inches, is yellow 
and black, with a red spot at the anal angle. Some of the 
papllios are giants, as /'. aniiinachus of Africa, expanding 
about eight inches. See Eauitet. 2, and also cut under Pa- 
pilitnada. 
3. (_l. c.] Some or any butterfly; especially, a 
member of the genus Papilio. 
Papilionaceae (pa-pil'i-6-na'se-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(LimiRMis, 1792), 'fern. pi. of papilionaceug : see 
papilionaceous.] A suborder of leguminous 
plants, characterized by united sepals, and pa- 
pilionaceous petals imbricated with the highest 
(or standard) exterior. It includes 11 tribes, 
126 subtribes, and 319 genera, 
papilionaceous (pa-pil'i-o-ua'shius), a. [= F. 
' = Kp. papilionaceo = Pg. papiliona- 
ceo = It. papilionaceo, papi- 
glionaceo, < NL. papitiona- 
Cfux, < L. papilio(n-), but- 
terfly: see Papilio.] 1. Re- 
sembling the outterfly. 2. 
In hut., having the corolla 
shaped like a butterfly, such 
as that of the pea. A papilio- 
naceous flower consists of a large 
upper petal, called the standard or 
vexillum, two lateral petals called 
alie or wings, and two Intermediate' 
petals forming a carina or keel. 
See also cut under corolla. 
Papilionidae (pa-pil-i-ou'i-de), n. pi. [NL. 
(Leach, 1819), < fapilio(n-) + -Mm.] . A fam- 
ily of butterflies, 
by the 
Papilio, 
liim.iccous Flower 
aptlinnao 
rltnieiiltt 
ings r 
ved. J. standard : 
in*;*, keel. 
or 
with one of the 
Chrysalis of Fhilenor Butterfly (Pafitio 
fkitener). 
a. dorsal view ; *, lateral view, illus- 
trating characteristic mode of hanging by 
a girdle. 
Philcnor Swallowtail *,Papilio philmor), half natural size. 
the families Xymphalida and Papiliunida. (c) By Schrank 
(ISOHfor the Sytnphalida alone, (d) By Latreille (1806), for 
the Papiliunidje alone. Westwood (1840) gives the Euro- 
typified 
genus 
usually consider- 
ed the highest of 
the diurnal Lepi- 
doptera, or Jlho- 
palocera. They 
nave broad wings 
erect In repose, the 
hind wings concave 
along the abdominal 
border, slender an- 
tenna? with the knob 
straight or scarcely 
curved, slender body, 
and six functional 
legs of which the first 
pair is of normal size 
und directed forward. 
The larva? are smooth 
or only moderately 
pilose, never spinose, 
thicker in front, tapering behind, with two retractile ten- 
tacles on the segment behind the head. The chrysalids 
are naked, angular, fastened to a button of silk, and hung 
by a silken loop a little above the middle of the body. 
The family is divided into 2 subfamilies, Papilioninx and 
IHeriiuf, to which some add Parnauiinje. [Other forms 
of the word are Papiliona (Dal man, 1816); PapUwniila 
(Leach, 1815); Pap&ioiMea (Latreille, 1802); and Papi- 
tianidi (Bolsduval, 1829).] See also cuts under Papiliv. 
Papilioninae (pa-pil'i-6-ni'ne), n. pi. [NL., < 
Papilio(n-) + -true.'] One of two or three sub- 
families of Papilionidte, containing the genus 
Pa/nlio and its allies. 
papilionine (pa-pH'i-5>-nin), a. Resembling or 
relating to the i Papilioninte; pertaining to true 
papilios. 
papilla (pa-pil'il), . ; pi. papilla (). [= F. 
l><iliille = Sp. papila = Pg. It. papilla, < L. pa- 
pilla, a nipple, teat, also a bud, a pimple, dim. 
otpapula, a pustule: see papula. Cf.jxjp 1 .] 1. 
A pap, teat, or nipple of a mammary gland; 
amammilla. Hence 2. Something like a pa- 
pilla ; a papilliform part or process, (a) in anot., 
any mammillary process, generally of small size, soft tex- 
ture, and sensitive, and subserving a tactile function : as, 
thepapUlje of the tongue : the papittjr of the niiger-tips. 
(6) In enlom., a small fleshy elevation or process ; specifi- 
cally, one of two soft malodorousorgans which can be thrust 
out from behind the penultimate abdominal segment in 
certain rove-beetles, (c) In hot., a small protuberance; 
a nipple-shaped projection. Anal papillse, in tbeAphi- 
aida or plant-lice, slight fleshy protuberances at the end of 
the abdomen, found only in the male, and used as claspers. 
Angular papilla, small ossicles or papillate nodule* 
papillitis 
borne upon the tori angulares of the mouth of some echl- 
noderms, as among the brittle-stars. See pata t 'i. Cir- 
cumvallate or calycllorm papillae. See dnvmaiUair. 
Conical "i flllforni papillae, mlnutv conical, Up 
or cylindrical papilla?, densely set over the greater part of 
the dorauni of the tongue, and terminating usually In a 
tuft of simple pmpllur, whose homy epithelial covering 
forms hair-like processes. These processes give the tonne 
Its furred or velvety appearance. Also called papSUf 
miniaur. See cut under tongue.- Engorged papilla. .* 
aigorgt. Foliate papilla, small folds of mucous mem- 
brane on the sides of the tongue, Immediately in front of 
the anterior pillar of the palate. Funglform papilla, 
papilla- Intermediate in size and number between the cir- 
ciim vallate and the conical paptlhe, scattered over the dor- 
sum of the tongue, but more numerous along the sides and 
at the tip. They are deep-red In color and of rounded form, 
and are narrowed at their attachment like a mushroom, 
whence the name. See cut under tungve.- Gustatory 
papilla, tin- papilla: of taste the clrcumTallate, the fin, 
glform, and the conlnil papllhc. ."ee cut under tongue. 
Hair papilla, a conical or fungifonn papilla projecting 
from the bottom of the hair follicle Into the base of the 
hair-bulb. See second cut under Aniri. Lacrymal pa- 
pilla, a slight elevation on the edge of each eyelid, near 
the inn. i i-iul. punctured at its apex by the aperture of 
the lacrymal canal. Mushroom papilla, the fnngiform 
papilla; of the tongue. Optic papilla. See optic, and 
cut under eye>. Papilla acustlca, the ridge formed by 
the organ of ( 'ortl ; the papilla plralis. Papilla conlca. 
Buneutamicalpiijull.-i. Papilla cutis. SumeaspotXf- 
lir'ifthe itin. -Papilla flliformes. Same as conical pa- 
I'Hl.r. Papilla folia ta. Same as foliate papal*. pa- 
pilla funguormeB. ttoLmeu/ungiformpaftUie. Papll- 
la maxima. Same ss circwnvaUato papilla. Papilla 
media, same ttfuntriformpapillx. Papilla minima. 
Same as conical papOlm Papilla Of the kidney, the 
apices of the Malpighian pyramids : also called mamnwZjr. 
See cut under kid ney. Papilla of the skin, numberless 
small conical elevations, sometimes cleft Into two or more 
parts (compound paplllaeX vascular, nervous, and highly 
sensitive, which rise upon the free surface or papillary 
layer of the corlum or true skin, beneath the epidermis, 
and form collectively the mechanical device for the sense 
of touch. They are few and small In many parts of the 
body endowed with comparatively little sensibility, but in 
some places, especially the palmar and plantar surfaces of 
the hands and feet, and about the nipple of the breast, 
they are very large and numerous, and set In special curved 
lines, thus throwing up the cuticle into the many little 
ridges observable at the tips of the fingers, for example. 
See cut under tkin. Papilla renaldS. Sameas nsJfSHS) 
of the liidneu. Papilla tactus, the tactile pupilfffi; the 
papillie of the skin. Papilla vallatse. Same as circvm- 
~illate papilla. Papilla mamma, the mammilla or nlp- 
e. Papilla splralls, the organ of Cortl : so called from 
le appearance it presents to superficial inspection as it 
winds spirally throughout the cochlea upon the bastlar 
membrane. Tactile papilla, the papilla; of the skin, 
especially those containing tactile corpuscles ; In Vcrmet 
tactile protuberances, or organs of touch, less developed 
than tactile setae. 
r, 1 ; 
. 
papillar (pap'i-lftr), a. [= P. papillaire = Si>. 
papilar = Pg. papillar = It. papillare; < NL. 
papillaris, < L. papilla, nipple: see papilla."] 
Like a papilla; in tot,, same &a papillate. 
papillary (pap'i-la-ri), a. [< NL. papillaris : see 
papillar."] 1. Likeapapilla; papilliform ; of or 
pertaining to ptipilhr. 2. In entom., rounded 
at the tip, and often somewhat constricted near 
the base: applied to thick processes. 3. Pro- 
vided with papillte; papillate; consisting of 
papillae; papillose: as, the papillary layer of 
the skin; the papillary surface of the tongue. 
Papillary glands. In but., a species of glands resembling 
the papilue of the tongue. They occur In many of the 
toftio/*. Papillary muscles. See coiumrur came*, 
under cvlvmna. 
papillate (pap'i-lat), a. [< NL. "papillatug, 
covered with papilla (L.ptipilltttu.*, snapedlike 
a bud), < L. papilla, nipple, bud, etc. : see pa- 
pilla.'] 1. Formed into a papilla ; papillary or 
papilliform. 2. Studded with papilla-: papil- 
liferous; papillary; in hot., covered with papil- 
lii'. or ending in a papilla. A.\so papillated. 
papillate (pap'i-lat), r. ; pret. and pp. pjjpil- 
lated, ppr. populating. [< papillate, c 
trans. To form or become a papilla. 
rs- 
TT, trann. To cover with papillas ; place pa- 
pilla; on. 
Something covered by numerous small prominences, as 
the papillated surface of an ordinary counterpane. 
H. Spencer. 
papillate-scabrous (pap'i-lat-ska'brus), a. In 
hot., scabrous or rough from the presence of 
papilla 1 . 
papilliferous (pap-i-lif 'e-rus), a. [< L. papilla, 
nipple, bud, + ferre ="E. bear 1 .'] 1. In tot., 
same as papillate. 2. In ciitom., bearing one 
or more fleshy excrescences: specifically ap- 
plied to the abdomen when two soft fleshy 
organs can be protruded from behind the penul- 
timate segment, secreting a milky fluid, and 
yielding a strong unpleasant odor, as in cer- 
tain Staphylinida. 
papilliform (pa-piri-f6rm), a. [= F. papilli- 
forme, < L. papilla, papilla, + forma, form.] 
Having the form of a papilla: shaped like or 
IVM mbling a papilla; mammilliform. 
papillitis (pap-i-U'tis), . [XL., < L. papilla, 
papilla, + -iti*.] Inflammation of the optic 
