paraphernalia 
4282 
A part of the paraphernalia of the school as much as the paraphrast (par'a-frast,), n. [= F . paraphraste 
= Sp. parafrastc'= Pg. paraphraste = It. para- 
fraste, < LL. paraphrastes, < Gr. !rapaijipaaT}/f, 
a paraphrast, < Trapaij>pdL,ei.v, paraphrase: see 
paraphrase.'] One who paraphrases; a para- 
phraser. 
Where easie, natural, and agreeable supplements will 
clear the sense [of Scripture], I conceive it is very warrant- 
able to suppose some such supplies, and for a paraphrast 
judiciously to interweave them. 
Dr. H. Mare, Def. of Moral Cabbala, iii. 
To compensate his hearers for these losses, the para- 
phrast has dwelt lovingly on most of the episodes. 
Amer. Jour. Philol., IV. 506. 
maps, or the globe. 
/>. G. M'Uchell, Bound Together, Highways and Parks. 
3. Miscellaneous possessions, as the numerous 
small conveniences of a traveler, small deco- 
rative objects, and the like. 4. Ornaments, or 
ornamental accessories, collectively. 
There were apples that rivalled rubies ; pears of topaz 
tint ; a whole paraphernalia of plums, some purple as the 
amethyst, others blue ami brilliant as the sapphire. 
Disraeli, .Sybil, iii. 5. 
paraphia (pa-ra'fi-a), . [NL., < Gr. vapd, be- 
side, + dipt/, a touch.] Disorder of the sense of 
touch. 
fice, < tyinovv, muzzle.] In med., strangulation 
of the glaiis penis owing to the 
prepuce being too narrow to allow the 
to be drawn from behind the glans 
with phimosis. 
paraphonia (par-a-fo'ni-a), n. [NL., < LGr. 
irapa<t>uvia, an accompanying sound in unison 
or harmony, < mipdfavoc, sounding beside, < Gr. 
irapd, beside, + ijiuvrj, sound, voice.] 1. In mu- 
sic, a melodic progression by the only conso- 
nances recognized in the Greek music namely, 
fourths and fifths. 2. An alteration of voice. 
paraphragm (par'a-fram), . [< Gr. irapa- 
$pay/ja, a place inclosed with a fence, a fence, 
fortification, breastwork, < irapa<j>pdaaetv, inclose 
with a fence, < irapd, beside, + tppdaaeiv, also 
ijipayvvvai, fence, inclose: see phrayma, and cf. 
diaphragm.] In Crustacea, a paraphragmal sep- 
tum or partition ; a kind of lateral diaphragm. 
paraphragmal (par-a-frag'mal), a. [< para- 
phragm + -al.~\ In Crustacea, forming a para- 
phragm: applied to a small process or apophy- 
sis of an endosternite (intersternal apodeme) 
paraphrastic, < Gr. -n-apa^pdarr/f, a paraphrast: 
parapsis 
Paralysis of both lower limbs with more or less 
of the trunk Atoxic paraplegia, weakness and 
ataxia of the legs, with increase of myotatie irritability, 
and exhibiting anatomically sclerosis of the posterior and 
lateral columns of the cord. Congenital spastic para- 
plegia, a spastic paraplegia revealing itself soon after 
nirth, and due to meningeal hemorrhage during parturi- 
tion. - Hypertrophic paraplegia of infancy. Same as 
pxeudtihypcrtruphic paralysis (which see, under paralysis). 
Hysterical paraplegia, paraplegia due to hysteria. 
Paraplegia dolorosa, paraplegia with great pain, espe- 
cially that due to neoplasms of the spinal canal. Pri- 
mary spastic paraplegia, a spastic paraplegia without 
evident cause, and regarded by some as dependent on a 
sclerosis of the pyramidal tracts; lateral sclerosis. Spas- 
tic paraplegia, a spastic condition of the legs, with more 
[< paraplegia + 
pertaining to 
clear and ample than those of the original. 
The translation of the Epistle is much more paraphrastic 
than of the Romance. Sir T. Mare, Utopia, p. 3, note. 
The question between the relative merits of free and 
literal translation, between paraphrastic liberty and ser- 
vile fidelity, has been long discussed ; ... it depends for 
its answer upon ever varying conditions. 
O. P. Marsh, Lecta. on Eng. Lang., xxvii. 
The present translation, so far as we have c< 
with the original, is inadequate for most prac 
v, the side : see pleura.'] Inentom., 
one of the pleura or pieces forming the side of 
a thoracic ring, especially of the mesothorax 
andmetathorax, and often limited to the latter. 
Some authors restrict the term to the epistemum of the 
metathorax ; others to the epistema of both the meso- 
thorax and the metathorax; and many modern coleopter- 
^ f> _ ists use it in the place of parapterum. Also parapleurtm. 
orap'ared it Parapod (par'a-pod), n. A parapodium. 
.ctical pur- parapoqia t n. Plural of parapodium. 
Unless a paraphrastical Version be permitted. 
Howell, Letters, ii. 47. 
Evelyn, True Religion, I. 427. 
parapodium + -ata 2 .] A class or other prime 
division of Botifera, represented by the genus 
Pedalion : contrasted with Lipopoda. 
parapo- 
et, < 
One 
of the unjointed lateral locomotor processes or 
which unites both with the anterior division of paraphrastically (par-a-fras'ti-kal-i), adv. In series of foot-stumps, foot-tubercles, or rudi- 
the corresponding endopleurite and with the 
posterior division of the antecedent endopleu- 
rite. 
mentary limbs of many worms, as annelids. 
Parapodia exhibit the greatest diversity in the extent to 
which they are developed at the sides of the successive 
segments of annelids, and also in their own sizes and 
shapes ; and each parapodium that is, the right or left 
foot stump of any one segment may be divisible into a 
dorsal and a ventral part, the former of which is a noto- 
podium, the latter a neuropodium. The term is gener- 
ally used in the plural, referring either to the right and 
left parapodia of any one segment or to the series of suc- 
cessive parapodia. The processes are so called because 
they are lateral in position, projecting from the sides of 
the worm. Those anterior ones which lie near the mouth 
are sometimes specially modified in size, shape, or direc- 
tion, suggesting the foot-jaws of arthropods. See cuts 
under prxstomium, pygidium, and elytrum. 
2. leap.] In entom., a genus of hymenopterous 
insects of the family ' Crabronids, erected by 
"(-sez). " [NL./ Gr. jrapd^wnf, an o'ffstiootX mtpa- Taschenberg in 1869 for a single species from 
r , produce offshoots, in pass, grow beside, Venezuela. 
, beside, + Qvetv, produce, tj>iea6tu, grow.] parapolar (par-a-po'lar), . [<Gr. napd, beside, 
a paraphrastic manner.' 
Dryden translates it somewhat paraphrastically, but not 
less in the spirit of the prophet than of the poet 
parapnrase (para-rraz;, n. L< H'. paraphrase Burke, A Regicide Peace, iii. 
= Sp. pardfrasi, parafrasis = Pg. paraphrase = paraphyllum (par-a-firum), re.; pi. paraphyl- 
It. parafrasi, < L. paraphrusis, < Gr. napd<j>paaif, la (-a). [NL., < Gr. irapa, beside, + ^ivl/W, a 
a paraphrase, < n-apafpd^eiv, say the same thing leaf.] In hot. : (of) Same as stipule, (b) A small 
in other words, < iropd, beside, + Qpd&iv, say, foliaceous or hair-like organ between the leaves 
tell: see phrase.] 1. A restatement of a text of certain mosses. It is sometimes much cut 
or passage, giving the sense of the original in or branched. 
other words, generally in fuller terras and with paraphysate (pa-raf 'i-sat), a. [< paraphysis + 
greater detail, for the sake of clearer and more -ate r .] In lot., having or producing paraphyses. 
complete exposition: opposed to metaphrase, paraphyse (par'a-fiz), n. [< L. paraphysis.] 
When the original is in a foreign language, Same as paraphysis. ... , , ^ 
translation and paraphrase may be combined, paraphysis (pa-raf'i-sis), n.; pi. paraphyses insects of the family ' Crabronidse, erected by 
All his commands being but a transcript of his own life, 
and his sermons a living paraphrase upon his practice. 
South, Sermons, IV. x. 
In paraphrase, or translation with latitude, the author's 
words are not so strictly followed as his sense. Dryden, 
2. Specifically, in Scotland, one of sixty-seven 
versified renderings of as many selected pas- 
sages of Scripture, usually bound up with the 
metrical psalms, and like them sung in church, 
etc. 3. la instrumental music, a transcription; 
a variation. 
Also paraphrases. 
Chaldee Paraphrases. See Chaldee. 
paraphrase (par'a-fraz), v. ; pret. and pp. par- 
aphrased, ppr. paraphrasing. [= F. paraphraser 
= Sp. parafrasear = Pg. paraphrasear It. pa- 
rafrasare; from the noun.] I. trans. To restate 
or translate with latitude ; interpret ; construe ; 
Anerect,usuallycolprless,sterile, 
unicellular or pluricellular fila- 
ment or plate accompanying the 
spore-bearing or sexual organs 
of cryptogamous plants, in Fumji 
they occur with asci or basidia in the hy- 
meniura, and are also called cystides; in 
mosses, with the antheridia and archego- 
nia ; in ferns, with the sporangia in a 
sorus. Their function is doubtful, but in 
some cases they may assist in the dis- 
charge of spores. See also cuts under 
antheridium, conceptacle, and moss. Also 
periphysu. 
The antheridia are generally surrounded by a cluster of 
hair-like filaments, composed of cells joined together, 
which are called paraphyses. 
W. B. Carpenter, Micros., 336. 
The antheridi- 
um (a), with the 
paraphyses (/ p), 
of Polytrichiitn 
commune. 
unfold and express the sense of (an author) with 
greater clearness and particularity by substitut- Paraphysis envelop, in the Uredinex, same as peridivm. 
ing other words for his own. paraplasm (par'a-plazm), n. Same as para- 
We are put to construe and paraphrase our own words P lasn ' a - 
to free ourselves from the ignorance and malice of our ad- paraplasma (par-a-plaz'ma), n. [NL., < Gr. 
versaries. StUlingjleet. leapairMemt, a monster, lit. something formed 
II. intrans. To interpret or amplify by change *> eside ' < P&, beside, + vMaua, anything 
f j_. _.,_ formed: see plasma.] 1. A neoplasm. 2. A 
malformation. 3. Paramitom. 
of words; make a paraphrase 
Where '-nslationistopracUcable.theymay^* 
Felton, On Beading the Classics. ParaplaStlC ( par-a-plas tlk), a. [< Crr. 
irar.hra.sfir ^Va-frs.,^ , r^, , C, H formed beside, counterfeit, < 
be- 
;, pole: see polar.] In embryol., situated 
beside a pole; not polar Parapolar cells, in Di- 
cyemida, those cells of the cortical layer which are situated 
behind the polar cells. 
parapophysial (par-ap-6-fiz'i-al), . [< NL. 
parapophysis + -al.] Pertaining to a para- 
pophysis, or having the character of such a 
process: as, a parapophysial process; a par- 
apophysial articulation. 
parapophysis (par-a-pof'i-sis), n. ; pi. para- 
popliyses (-sez). [NL., < Gr. trapa, beside, + 
awoijivaif, an offshoot: see apophysis.] The in- 
ferior or (in man) anterior one of two transverse 
processes which may exist on each side of a ver- 
tebra, the superior or posterior one being a dia- 
pophy sis. Parapophyses are not well developed in man, 
andare not usually reckoned among the processes of human 
vertebrae ; but in some animals they acquire great size and 
special form, and may serve for costal articulations. See 
vertebra, and cuts under atlas and cenical. 
parapoplexy (pa-rap'o-plek-si), . [< Gr. napd, 
beside, + airov^ia, apoplexy: see apoplexy.] 
A stupor or drowsy state resembling apoplexy; 
false apoplexy. 
paraproctium (par-a-prok'ti-um), n. [NL., < 
Gr. wapd, beside, + 7r/xj/cr<5f, anus.] The con- 
nective tissue around the rectum. 
naraWhi-gDav c,.' t - A \ r/ i rof, 111. lormea oesiae, counterteit, <, Trapa 
T 2J? Onewho-paraDhrases ^ para ^ rase side + ^orof, verbal adj. of .riWoowv, form, parapsidal (pa-rap'si-dal), a. [< parapsis* (-id-) 
mold: see plastic.] Pertaining to a paraplasma. + -al.] Pertaining to parapsides: as, a parap- 
* ~ [< Gr. impa- sidal suture.- Parapsidal grooves or furrows, two 
, / a , t---j"~~, * .. ru .,<L V ,v, v,,, verbal adj. deep longitudinal or somewhat curved furrows on the me- 
parapnrasian (par-a-fra'zi-an), n. [< para- of irapaTr).faoe<rtai, be stricken on one side, be 
phrase + -ian.] A paraphraser or paraphrast. paralyzed: see paraplegia.] Paraplegic. 
mom: seeptosftc.J Pertaining to a p 
82 Jt^ts^sr;^ pgggl^^j^R <*. ,,- 
H!l.Ta.tVrlT3 Oion f-r\Q-w^n -f-nel '! i,-n\ - r./__ . . i' "1 A O_ . T j_ ___ _i_ _ 
As the logicall paraphraeian and philosophical! inter- paraplegia (par-a-ple'ji-a), 
soscutum of many Hymenoptera. They extend backward 
from the anterior margin, dividing the two parapsides from 
the median region. 
P retere do. - Uallt Hen. V.", anTi 
paraphrases (pa-raf 'ra-sis), n. [L. : see para- 
phrase.] Same as paraphrase. 
Paraphrase is to take some eloquent Oration, or some 
notable common place in Latin, and expresse it with other 
wordes - Ascham, The Scholemaster, p. 93 
raplegia (par-a-ple ji-a), n. [= F. paraple- parapsisl (pa-rap'sis), n.; pi. para,,id<; 
>,e = Svp^rap^a = 'e%.parapl e g l a = U.para- &, [NI ^ < & beside, + 2fo a 
legia, < NL , paraplegia CGr. Kapa/wa, Ionic whee l. orbit : see ao\ In entom.. the \: 
g*e= 
pi 
sides (-si- 
, ^j. . ^*jy. | .' i ... \ v^i. imfji*, iM'.^lm-, I l* y^'f , a lOOp, 
rr/jryia, Ionic wheel, orbit: see apsis.] In en torn., the lateral 
1 ,.- 1 . . -. * .' JCi. \JitJlli. OCC U/7<>ti>. I JJ.J CHW/7K.. llltT 1 
for Trapa^m, paralysis on one side, < irapa- part of the me8 oscutum of the thorax, 
riroMAu be stncken on one side, act. napa- this ig separated by suture from the , 
strike on one side, < irapd. beside, + 
^acuv, strike: see plague. Cf.hennp/c.jia.] 
dorsal 
