parenchymatous 
parenchymatou8(par-cng-kim'ii-tus). . [=F. 
\iiin iii'liyiiinli a j- = Sp. iiiin-iii/iiiiiiiitii.fi> = It. 
/nii'i iirliiiHiilomi. as /uiiin<-l<i/iitil(/-) + -oux.] 1. 
Pertaining Id, containing;, consisting of, or re- 
semhliii"; parenchyma, in any souse of that 
word. 2. Of or perlainiii"; In the /'(inm/n/ 
niiitn; ac<elomatons, as ti cestoid worm Par- 
enchymatoua degeneration <<r Inflammation. .Same 
a* <-lmnhi nti'fltin;i (uliirli He*;, un.trr ,-/.,m/vi. Paren- 
chymatous neuritis, neuritis consisting fc or begin- 
ning with degenoraUon, "f Hi ucm- niiem. Pareu- 
cliymatouB worms, tin- /'/./,,/,/, //mta. 
parenchymatouslyfpiir-eng-kim'a-tus-li), f/riY. 
As parenchyma ; in or into the parenchyma. 
The injection of tincture of iodine parenchymatuutly IB 
dangerous in cases where the growth is very vascular. 
Therapeutic (Jaatte, VIII. 565. 
parenchyma (pa-renc'ktm}, . [< F. ;/<< - 
c/ii/iiK 1 , * N'lj. piiri-Hrhi/iiiii: see parenchyma.] 
Same as /Hll'i ili'lii/niil. 
parenchymous (pa-reng'kl-nnw), o. [<.paren- 
i-lii/iti' + -mix. | I'arcncliymatous. 
parenchymulafpai'-ciiK-kim'u-lii), .; p\.paren- 
cli y HI nln' (-!<). [NL.,dim.of parenchyma, q. v.] 
An embryonic stage, immediately succeeding 
that of the closed blastula, in which the eso- 
teric cells previously differentiated have wan- 
dered from the exterior, where they originated, 
into the interior, where they presumably give 
rise to the endoblastic cells subsequently found 
there. ./. Hyatt, Amer. Jour. Sci., 3<l ser., XXI. 
341. 
parenesis, paraenesis (pa-ron'e-sis), . [= F. 
piin'iii'.ii' = Sp. iiiin'iu-sis = Pg. parenesis = It. 
pnrenesi, < LL. parxnesis, < Gr. irapaimatc., ex- 
hortation, < irapaivflv, exhort, advise, < napd, 
beside, + aivtlv, praise.] Persuasion ; exhorta- 
tion. 
parenetic, paraenetic (par-e-net'ik), a. [= F. 
2>an : netiiiue = Sp. parenetico = Pg. It. pare- 
netico, < LGr. jru/HuveTtKuf, hortatory, < Or. ira- 
paiveoic, hortation: see parenesis.] Of the na- 
ture of parenesis ; hortatory ; persuasive. 
parenetical, paraenetical (par-e-net'i-kal), a. 
[(pareiictic + -/.] Same as parenetic. 
To what end arc such parienetical discourses'.' 
Burton, Anat. of Mel., p. 341. 
A Parieneticall or Advialve Verao to hla friend. 
Herriclc (title). 
parent (par'ont), n. and a. [=F. parent, a kins- 
man, cousin, ally, = Sp. pariente = Pg. It. pa- 
rente, a parent, < L. paren(t-)x, a procreator, pa- 
rent, father or mother; by extension, a grand- 
parent, ancestor, also kinsman, relation; for 
parien(t-)x, ppr. of parerc, bring forth, beget, 
produce, bear.] I. n. 1. A father or mother: 
one who has generated or produced : correlated 
to child, offspring, descendant, 
Those, for their parent* were exceeding poor, 
I bought und brought up to attend my boys. 
Sha*., C. of k, 1. 1. 67. 
2. By extension, any animal in relation to its 
offspring, or a plant in relation to other plants 
produced from it ; any organism in relation to 
the individual organisms which it produces by 
any process of reproduction. , 
Out of the above 211 seedlings, 173 belonged to the same 
two forms as their parent*, and only 38 belonged to the 
third form distinct from either parent. 
Dartrin, Different Forms of Flowers, p. 212. 
3. One who or that which produces ; an author ; 
a cause ; a source. 
And this same progeny of evils comes 
From our debate, from our dissension ; 
We are their parents and original. 
Shot., SI. N. D., ii. 1. 117. 
These arc thy glorious worka, Parent of good. 
Miltun, P. L., T. 188. 
The South was parent of his pain, 
The South is mistress of his grave. 
If. Arnold, Stan /as from t'arnac. 
4f. A kinsman; relative. 
Saterdayo to Alexandrya, and there Monday all daye, 
where maister Jerom and Allgustyn Panyson, with the 
itri'to noubro of their worshypfnll parentu and cosyus. 
Sir K. Guytforde, Pylgrymage, p. 5. 
II. a. Serving as or pertaining to a parent or 
source. 
He ordains things sordid in their birth 
To bo resolv'd Into their parent earth. 
Cowper, Charity. 1. 662. 
parentage (piirVn-taj), n. [=F. parentage, re- 
lationship, kindred, = It. pun iilni/iiio (ML. pa- 
rniliii/iiini}, parentage: us yw/in// + -n//i-.] 
Derivation 1'rorn parents: as. the /Hiri 
child; in general, birth: origin: us,tlie parentage 
of an animal or a plant; by extension, derivation 
from an author or source: as, the parenting of 
a book, or of a legislative bill. 2. Specifical- 
ly, condition with respect to the rank or char- 
1280 
actor of parents or ancestors: as, a person of 
mean parentage; a man of noble parrntniii-. 
I met the duke yesterday, and had much question with 
him ; he inked me of what parentagcl was; I told him of 
as good as he. Alt., A yon Like It, ill. 4. SB. 
sh ( luint..|,her Mings and I together by water to the 
Titcr; and I Mini him a very witty, well-spoken fellow, 
and mighty free to tell hi* parentage, being a shot-maker's 
son. Pepyt, Diary, 1 1 i 
3f. Parents collectively. 
He mill hiii daughters, and with speeche* sage 
Inquyrd whleh of them most did love \\vr parentage t 
Spenier. F. O.., II. x. 27. 
4. The parental relationship as exhibited in 
the recognition and care of cliildren. 
To prevent these disturbances of good order Ifnollsh 
fondness In families!, Plato ordains conmmnin of wives, 
and Interdicts parentage. O. a. Lewet, 11 1st. Miilos., 1. 238. 
parental (pa-ren'tal), . [= 8p. parental = It. 
parentale,<. 'L. parentalis, parental, < paren(t-)s, 
parent: see imrrnl.] Of or pertaining to pa- 
rents ; proper to or characteristic of a parent : 
as, parental love; parental government ; pun n- 
tal duties. 
Farewell, my Bess ! tho' thou'rt bereft 
Of my parental care. Burnt, Farewell. 
-Syn. Paternal, Maternal, etc. See fatherly, motherly. 
Parentalia (par-en-ta'li-a), n.pl. [L., neut. pi. 
of parentalis, parental: see parental.} Among 
the ancient Romans, a periodical observance in 
honor of deceased ancestors, including the 
visiting of their tombs and the offering to their 
shades of oblations of food, flowers, and other 
gifts. Sometimes the tombs were illuminated 
with lamps. Compare Feralia. 
parentality (par-en-tal'i-ti), . [< parental + 
-ity.] The condition at being a parent; tho 
parental relation. 
Iu parentality there must be two persons concerned, the 
father and the mother. 
Dentham, Introd. to Morals and Legislation, ivi. 49. 
parentally (pa-ren'tal-i), adv. In a parental 
manner; as a parent! 
parentationt (par-en-ta'shon), n. [= Sp. pa- 
rentacion, < LL. parentatio(n-), funeral obse- 
quies for parents or near relatives, < L. parcn- 
tare, pp. parentatus, offer sacrifice in honor of 
deceased parents, < paren(t-)i: see parent.'] 
Something done or said in honor of the dead ; 
funeral rites; obsequies. 
Home other ceremonies were practised, which differed 
not much from those used In parentationt. 
Abp. Potter, Antiquities of Greece, II. IS. 
Let Fortune this new jfarfntation make 
For hated Carthage's dire spirits' sake. 
May, tr. of Lucan's Pharsalia, Iv. 
parent-cell (par'ent-sel), n. A cytula. 
parentelef, [? ME. parentele, < OF. paren- 
tele, F. parentele = Sp. parentela = Pg. parcn- 
tella = It. parentela, < LL. parentela, relation- 
ship, < L. paren(t-)s, a parent, relation: see 
parent.] 1. Kinship; relationship. 
Certea parentele is in two maneres, outlier goostly or 
flesshly. Chaucer, Parson's Tale. 
2. Parentage. 
There were not so many noble families strove for him 
as there were cities strove for the parentele of Homer. 
HiKjer North, Examen, p. 223. 
parent-form (par'ent-fdrm), n. In Wo/., a pa- 
rent of any kind; a stock: with reference to 
morphological considerations, 
parenthesis (pa-reu'the-sis), n. ; pi. parentheses 
(-sez). [= F. parenthtee = Sp. parenttttis = 
Pg. parenthesis = It. parentesi, < Gr. irapMicaif, 
a putting in beside, < xapcvriStvai, put in beside, 
< napa, beside, + etmStvat, put in, < fv, in, + 
TtOtvai, put: see thesis.] 1. An explanatory or 
qualifying clause, sentence, or paragraph in- 
serted in another sentence or in the course of 
a longer passage, without being grammatically 
connected with it. It is regularly included bv two 
upright curves facing each other (also called parenthetet), 
or the variant form of them called brackets, but frequent- 
ly tiy dashes, and even by commas. The quotation from 
Dryden given below contains a parenthesis. 
Your first figure of tollerable disorder is \Parenthesu] or 
by an English name the llnsertour], and is when ye will 
seeme, for larger information or some other purpose, to 
peece or gratfe In the middest of your tale an vn necessary 
parcell of speach. Puttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesle, p. 140. 
I In HI shalt be seen 
(Though with some short parentheri* between) 
High on the throne of wit. 
Dryden, To Congrere, 1. 82. 
One has to dismount from an idea, and get Into saddle 
again, at every parentheti*. 0. W. Hairnet, Autocrat, vlli. 
2. The upright curves ( ) collectively, or either 
of them separately, used by printers and writ- 
ers to mark off an interjected explanatory clause 
or qualifying remark: as, to place a word or 
clause in parenthesis or within parentheses. 
pareoros 
The parmtheus( '. including the square form ( ) also 
called enttktU and now unually 1/rodret*, were formerly 
(as In the first quotation under del. 1) used to separate a 
word or words typographically, where quotation marks are 
now used. In phonetic discussions (Kills, Sweet, etc.) the 
curves are often used for a similar putpoee, to Indicate 
that the letters of the words so Inclosed have a fixed pho- 
netic value, according to a s>stem previously explained. 
The carves are also used to Inclose small marks and letters, 
and figures of reference. In order to make them more dli- 
tlnct to the eye. 
3f. An interval ; a break ; an episode. 
The created world Is hut a small parrnthent In eternity. 
Sir T. Browne, Chrtat. Mor., UL . 
Sleep, Nature's none, and, as one aptly terms It, the pa- 
rrnthetit at all our cam. 
Sir T. Herbert, Travels (IfltMX p. 244. 
Abbreviated par. 
parenthesize (pa-ren'the-siz), t. t.; pret. and 
pp. parenthesized, ppr. parenthcxi:ina. [< pa- 
ii n llies-is + -i:e.] 1. To express or insert as a 
parenthesis; place within parentheses. 
Speaking of Italian quarrels, I am tempted to parenlhe- 
na here another which I saw at Clvlta Vecchla. 
LmttU, Fireside Travels, p. 248. 
2. To interlard with parentheses. 
A complicated and much parenthetited speech. 
Lancet, No. MM, p. 1277. 
3. To curve; make into the shape of the mark 
called a parenthesis. [Humorous.] 
He (the cow-boy or herder) Is tall and muscular, usually, 
with legs somewhat parentheeized by usage to the saddle. 
The Century, XIX. 771. 
parenthetic (par-en-thet'ik), a. [< MGr. iraplv- 
Oerof, parenthetic, put in besides, < irapevrititvai, 
put in besides: see parent/tests.] Same as/m- 
renthrtiral. 
parenthetical (par-en-thet'i-kal), o. [< parew- 
llietic + -at.] 1. Pertaining to or of the nature 
of a parenthesis ; expressed as or in a paren- 
thesis: as, a jximif/icfica/ clause. 2. Using or 
containing parentheses: as, &parettthetical style. 
3. Occurring like a parenthesis or episode; 
incidental. 
lie had disposed of Mrs. Paul at her door, and had has- 
tened hack, pausing for a parenthetical (tlas at the bar. 
The Century, XXXVIII. 18S. 
4. Curved; bowed; resembling in shape the 
marks called parentheses. [Humorous.] 
There an Indian woman, with her semi- Tartar features, 
nakedly hideous, and her thin parenthetical legs, encased 
in wrinkled tights, hurried round the fane. 
/(. /". llurtim, El-Medlnah, p. 397. 
parenthetically (par-eu-thet'i-kal-i), adc. In 
a parenthesis ; in the manner or form of a pa- 
renthesis ; by way of parenthesis ; as a paren- 
thesis. 
parenthood (par'ent-hud), n. [< parent + 
-hood.] The state of being a parent; the con- 
dition of a parent ; the parental relation. 
The self-sacrifice and the sagacity which inferior crea- 
tures display in the care of their young are often com- 
mented upon : and every one may see that parenthood pro- 
duces a mental exaltation not otherwise producible. 
U. Spencer, study of Soclol., p. 371. 
parenticidet (pa-ren'ti-sid), n. [= It. parenti- 
i-iiln, < L. iiarenticida, a parricide, < paren(t-)g, 
a parent, 4- -cida, a killer, < ctedere, kill.] One 
who kills a parent ; a parricide. Bailey. 
parent-kernel (par'ent-ker'nel), n. The nu- 
cleus of a parent-cell; a cytococcus. 
parepros (pa-re'o-ros), H. [< Gr. irapf/opofj Doric 
Ttapdnpof (sc. imrof), a horse hitched beside the 
regular pair, prop, adj., joined beside, also ly- 
ing along, < xapatipctv, hang beside, lift up be- 
side, < irapa, beside, + arlpeiv, lift, raise: see 
aorta, artery, meteor.] In Gr. antiq., an addi- 
Pareoros, Fran a Greek relief in terra -cotta. 
tional horse hitched beside a regular pair; the 
third horse in a team of three. 
