parliament 
flvo years by the people of the different provinces, there 
being one rejueseiit;lti\e f"I eveiy J(I,(M uf tile Jtopula- 
tlnll. Ill 1) thel enjoin' -s 111.' t\M. houses lift! IIHII;illy 
wl> le<I llir /.'''lixtutirc Ci'n<-il itnil the Li':ri*l<ltii-r .!*>< ml'l'i. 
The Ilieinhers i.f the l:itlrr hody lire eleeteil ; the members 
of Hi.' former b.l.v m;iy !" elected, as In Tasmania, or 
Dominated liy the crown, as in New South Wales. 
5. In I 1 ' ranee, liet'ore I lie- revolution of 1789, 
our of several courts, inelmlinir various pro- 
vineial parliaments, and especially the Parlia- 
ment, of Paris (see below). 6. In laic, an as- 
sembly of the members of the two Temples 
(Inner and Middle) to consult upon the affairs 
of I lie Mil-let \ . IIHJI. Ilict. 7. [Short for par- 
liinni'nl-c/il:i.\ Same as purliniin nl-fiike. 
Sadly gorging the boy with apples and parliament. 
Thackeray, Vanity Fair, xxxvlll. 
lii'll, mil thy hoop, and twirl thy tops, 
And buy, to glud thy smiling chops, 
Crisp parliament with lollypops, 
Ami fingers of the lady. 
J. and H. Smith, Rejected Addresses, p. 86. (Dame*.) 
Act Of Parliament, a statute, law, or edict made by the 
sovereign, with the advice and consent of the lords tern- 
poral and spiritual and the commons in Parliament as- 
sembled. Such an act cannot he altered, amended, dis- 
pensed with, suspended, or repealed but by the same au- 
thority <>f P:irli:uncnt which has created it Addled Par- 
liament, the Parliament in session from April to June, 
h.i i. See the quotation. 
All attempts of a compromise on the subject [imposi- 
tions on merchandise) having failed, James In February, 
Hill, dissolved the parliament, and a second parliament 
which he summoneu in 1614 proving equally recalcitrant 
WHS also dissolved, the fact that it was not allowed the op- 
portunity of transacting business earning for it from the 
courtiers the name of the addled parliament. 
Encyc. Brit., XIII. 659. 
Barebone's Parliament, the Parliament convened by 
Cromwell, July 4th, 1653: so called from a certain Praise- 
God Barbon, BarelK>ne, or Barebones, one of its members. 
From its small representation it is also known as the Little 
Parliament. It constituted Cromwell Lord Protector. 
Compare Loiw Parliament. Clerk Of the Parliaments. 
See cleric. Convention Parliament. See convention, 
3 (c). Drunken Parliament, in ScMiih hint., the Parlia- 
ment which assembled after the restoration of Charles II. 
It met in 1661, and was strongly Royalist. Free Parlia- 
ment. Same as Convention Parliament. Good Parlia- 
ment, the Parliament which assembled under Edward 
III., in 1376 : so called because of its endeavors to reform 
corruption in the court and the government High 
Court of Parliament, the general designation oftho 
ICnxlish Parliament, which originally acted as the council 
of the king, hut whicli after it was established at West- 
minster sitting in separate bodies as the Lords and the 
rominonH was together technically designated by this 
name, and either house was spoken of as the Lords, or the 
Commons, "In the High Court of Parliament assembled." 
In later times, the phrase is more commonly used of either 
house, or both houses, acting in the exercise of judicial 
or quasi-judicial functions, such as the inquest by the 
Commons and the trial by the Lords of an impeachment, 
or the action of either house, or both successively, on a 
bill of attainder, a question of contempt, the removal and 
punishment of public officers, etc.. as distinguished from 
functions of legislation and functions as council of Uie 
king. 
In theyre most humble wyse beseechen your most royall 
Ma'' the lords spual and temporal, and all other your moste 
loving and obedient subjecte the comons of this your 
moste Hii/he enurte of Parliament assembled. 
Bill of Attainder of Katherin Hatcarde. late Queen qf Eng- 
lland, etc. (33 Hen. VIII., c. 21X 
Imperial Parliament See imperial. Lack-learning 
Parliament. Same as Parliament of Dunce*. Little 
Parliament. Same as Barebone't Parliament, Long 
Parliament, the Parliament which assembled on Novem- 
ber .'id, 1640, and carried on the civil war. It was "purged " 
by the republicans in 1648, abolished the House of Lords, 
and compassed the death of Charles I. It was violently 
dispersed by Cromwell on April 20th, 1063, but was twice 
restored in 1659, and was dissolved in March, 1660, after 
providing for the summoning of a Free Parliament. In 
its later history it was known as the Hump Parliament. 
Mad Parliament. See modi. Member of Parlia- 
ment, the title of members of the House of Commons 
of Oreat Britain and Ireland, and of the lower house in 
some of the colonies. Usually abbreviated Jf. P. Mer- 
ciless Parliament, the Parliament of 1888, which ex- 
hibited articles of high treason against the ministers of 
Richard II. Also called Unmerciful Parliament, Won- 
ilrrful I'lirliament, Wonder-making Parliament. Ordi- 
nance of Parliament. See ordinance. Parliament 
heel (natit.\ the situation of a ship when careened by shift 
of ballast, etc., or when caused to heel over on her beam 
in order to clean or paint the side raised out of water. 
Falconer. Parliament mant, a member of Parliament 
He had told several of the Jury that they needed not 
appear, for he would insist upon his privlledge, which 
the Court held a great misdemeanor ... it was an abuse 
of his priviledge of Parliament Man. 
Sir R. Temple (reported by J. Keble), King's Bench 
[Reports, 1685. 
Parliament Of Dunces, a Parliament convened at Cov- 
entry by llenry IV. In 1404 : so called because all lawyers 
were excluded from it. Also called the Unlearned Par- 
liament and the Lack-learning Parliament, Parliament 
Of Paris, the chief of the French parliaments; the prin- 
cipal tribunal of justice of the French monarchy, from 
its origin in the king's council at a very early date to the 
revolution. From about 1300 the parliament was con- 
stituted in three divisions the grand' chambre, thecham- 
Itrr <i<:* n~'fii: f,'v, ;uid the chawtrrf deft entrtifte*. It played a 
prominent political part at different times in the seven- 
teenth and eighteenth centuries. Bump Parliament, 
4205 
a name given to the Long Parliament after It* reduction 
of numbers in consequence of Pride's Purge, in 1648. 
The old Parliament, the Hump Parliament (so call'd as 
retaining some few rotten members of y other) being dls- 
solv'd. k'rrlyn, Diary, Feb. 11, 1680. 
Short Parliament, the first Parliament of 1640, which 
lasted only a few weeks. 
parliament (ptir'li-ment), r. . To busy one's 
self with parliamentary matters; attend to 
one's duties as member of Parliament. [Bare.] 
Some gentle master, 
Wha albllns thrang a parliamentin 1 , 
For Britain's guid his saul Indentln'. 
Burnt, Twa Dogs. 
parliamental (piir-li-men'tal), a. [= 8p. i>r- 
liniicntal; us parliament + -a/.] Of or pertain- 
ing to a parliament ; parliamentary, t'oie, Mar- 
tyrs, p. 471. 
parliamentarian (par'li-men-ta'ri-an), a. and 
. [< piirlinnn'iitiiry + -tin.} I. a.' Of or per- 
taining to a parliament; specifically [cap. T, in 
Enij. hist., serving or adhering to the Long Par- 
liament, in opposition to Kings Charles I. and 
Charles II. 
II. n. 1 . A partizan of parliament ; specifi- 
cally [cap.], in Eng. h ist., a partizan of the Long 
Parliament, as distinguished from a Royalist or 
Cavalier. 
There follow the heads of what they were to contain In 
defence of Charles and the chastity of his queen against 
the parliamentarian*. 
Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting, II. il. 
2. A parliamentary debater or manager, 
parliamentary (par-lj-men'ta-ri-li), adv. In 
a parliamentary manner, 
parliamentarism (par-li-men'ta-rizm), n. [< 
P. parlementarixme ; as parliamentar-y + -item.'] 
Parliamentary or representative government. 
It [the new Constitution] made no fresh concessions to 
parliamentarian. Lowe, Bismarck, II. 373. 
parliamentary (par-li-men'ta-ri), a. [< F. 
parlementaire = 8p. It. parldmentario = Pg. 
parlamentar ; as parliament + -ary.'] 1. Of 
or pertaining to Parliament, or, in general, to 
legislative bodies. 
There are among the expedients of French finance some 
that might with parliamentary authority be adopted In 
England. Stulito, Const. Hist, | 365. 
2. Enacted or done by Parliament, or, in gen- 
eral, by the authority of a legislature : as, a par- 
liamentary act; parliamentary government. 
A revolution, which for the moment left England abso- 
lutely at Henry's feet, was wrought out by a series of Par- 
liamentary Statutes. J. R. Green, Short Hist Eng., p. 474. 
3. In accordance with the rules and usages of 
Parliament, or, in general, with the rules and 
customs of legislatures; approved or allowed 
in legislative or deliberative bodies : as, parlia- 
mentary language. 
The nomination-day was a great epoch of successful 
trickery, or, to speak In a more Parliamentary manner, of 
war stratagem, on the part of skilful agents. 
George Eliot, Felix Holt, xxz. 
Parliamentary agent, a person, usually a solicitor, pro- 
fessionally employed in drafting bills, petitions, etc., and in 
promoting or opposing private bills, or in connection with 
other private business In Parliament Parliamentary 
borough or burgh. See borough, 2 (6), and burgh. Par- 
liamentary committee, a committee of the members of 
the House of Lords or of the House of Commons appointed 
by either house for the purpose of making inquiries, by the 
examination of witnesses or otherwise, into matters which 
could not be conveniently inquired into by the whole house. 
Any bill or any subject brought before the house may, If the 
house thinks proper, lie referred toa committee, and all pri- 
vate bills, such as bills for railways, canals, roads, or other 
undertakings in which the public are concerned, are re- 
ferred to committees of each house before they are consid- 
ered. Such committees are generally called select commit- 
teei. Parliamentary law, the body of settled and con- 
trolling usages of procedure In deliberative assemblies, 
generally founded on the common experience of such as- 
semblies, particularly that of the British Parliament In 
American deliberative bodies some modifications have 
been Introduced, and In particular bodies by special writ- 
ten rules. In F.ngland this law is usually designated as the 
lav and usage of Parliament a phrase which also includes 
matters of constitutional right and power as affecting either 
branch of the legislature in relation to the other, and the 
rights and privileges of each as against the other or third 
persons. The phrase has also been occasionally used of stat- 
utory as contrasted with common law. Parliamentary 
train, a train which, by enactment of Pailiament, must 
be run by railway companies at least once a day (up and 
down journeys) for the conveyance of third-class passen- 
gers, at a rate of fare not exceeding a penny (2 United States 
cents) a mile. [Eng.] 
parliament-cake (par'li-ment-kak), n. Ginger- 
bread made in thin crisp cakes. 
parliamenteert (par'H-men-ter'), . [< par- 
liament + -rrr."] Same us parliamentarian. 
AH (one excepted) proved zealous parliamenteert In the 
beginning of the Rebellion, 1642. 
A. Wood, Athena? Oxon., I. 
parliament-roll (piir'li-me^t-rol), it. A record 
of the proceedings of Parliament. [Eng.] 
parlous 
The third great class of records belonging to the Court 
of Chancery consists of the parliatnent-roHn ; these, how- 
ever, are far from bring n perfect colleetion, as many of 
the documents containing the proceedings of various par- 
liaments are hopelessly lost Kncyc. Brit., XX 311. 
parliancet, ". [A var. of parlance, as if < parley 
+ -ance.'] An obsolete variant of parlance. 
llnL-liii/fx Voyages, 1.229. 
parlish (par'lish), a. A dialectal form otpar- 
Imix. llulliirrll. 
parlor, parlour (piir'lor), . [Formerly also 
sometimes /inrlfr; < ME. parlour, /mrliir, par- 
lincrr, < OF. parlmr, imrlmr, parlmier, F. par- 
loir (= 8p. Pg. It. parlatorio), < ML. parlatori- 
vni, a place to talk in, a reception-room in a 
monastery, a hall of audience, a council-cham- 
ber, etc., < parlare (F. parler, etc.), talk: see 
l"'il. [ 1 . Originally, a room set apart from the 
great hall for private conference and conversa- 
tion; a withdrawing-room. It finally became 
the public room of a private house. Bee def . 3. 
He ... fond two other ladys setc and she, 
Withlnne a paved parlour, and they thre 
Herden a maydyn reden hem the geste 
Of the Seegee of Thebes, whll hem lestc. 
Chaucer, Trollus, IL 82. 
Now hath vche riche a reule to cten bl hym-selne 
In a pryue parloun. Fieri Plourman (B), x. 07. 
To knowe the sondry miners and condition of people, 
and the variety of theyr natures, and that in a warme studye 
or parler, without peril of the see, or daunger of longe and 
paynfull Journeys. Sir T. Elyut, The Oovernour, L 11. 
Into a pleasant parlour by 
With hand In hand she brings the seaman all alone. 
Thr Merchant'! Daughter (Child's Ballads, IV. 830). 
All mens houses and goods were open to them, euen to 
the parlourt of their wines. Purchai, Pilgrimage, p. 456. 
2. An apartment in a convent, asylum, inn, 
hospital, hotel, boarding-school, or the like, in 
which the inmates are permitted to meet and 
converse with visitors. 
Walk but Into the parlour, yon will find one book or 
other, in the window, to entertain you the while. 
Cotton, in Walton's Angler, ii. 285. 
3. A room in a private house set apart for the 
conversational entertainment of guests; a re- 
ception-room ; a drawing-room ; also, in Great 
Britain, the common sitting-room or keeping- 
room of a family, as distinguished from a draw- 
ing-room intended for the reception of com- 
pany. In the United States, where the word draining- 
room is little used, parlor Is the general term for the room 
used for the reception of guests. 
Good Margaret, run thee to the parlour; 
There shall thon find my cousin Beatrice 
Proposing with the prince and Claudia 
Shale., Much Ado, 111. 1. 1. 
"A great mistake, Chettam," interposed Mr. Brooke, 
" going Into electrifying your land and that kind of thing, 
and making a parlor of your cow-house. It won't do." 
George Eliot, Middlemarch, IL 
The house stands for comfort and for conversation, and 
parlor* were misnamed If not peopled with Ideas. 
Alcott, Table-Talk, p. 81. 
4. Vulgarly, any room more or less "elegant- 
ly" or showily furnished or fitted up, and de- 
voted to some specific purpose: as, tonsorial 
parlors; a photographers parlors; oyster par- 
tors; misfit parlors. [Trade cant, U. 8.] 
parlor-boarder (pftr'lor-bor'der), n. A pupil 
in a boarding-school who has many privileges 
not granted to the ordinary pupils. 
I saw them this afternoon in the garden where only the 
parlor-boarden walk. Thackeray, Doctor Birch. 
parlor-car (par'lor-kfir), n. A railway passen- 
ger-car or -carriage for day travel, furnished 
more luxuriously than the ordinary cars; a 
drawing-room car. [U. 8.] 
parlor-organ (par'lor-6r'gan),n. A harmonium 
or reed-organ. 
parlor-skate (par'lor-skaf), Same as roller- 
skate. 
parlous (par'lus), a. [Formerly also perlous 
(also dial, parlish); an obs., dial., or archaic 
form of perilous.'] 1. Perilous; dangerous; 
alarming; mischievous. 
Thou art In a parlou* state, shepherd. 
Shalt., As you Like It, ill 2. 46. 
I cannot, in my present life and motion, clearly conceive 
myself In so panout a state that no hope of better things 
should make me shrink from the end of all. 
W. K. CKfara, Lectures, I. 130. 
2. Notable; knowing; shrewd. 
A parloul boy ; go to, you are too shrewd. 
Shot., Rich. III., IL 4. 35. 
I knew I could be overreached by none ; 
A parlota head. 
Hiddleton, Blurt, Master-Constable, IT. L 
One must be trusted, and he thought her fit, 
As passing prudent, and a parloui wit 
Dryden, Wife of Bath's TsJe, L I7. 
[Obsolete or archaic in all uses.] 
