pastine 
and for setting plants with, the act of so prepar- 
ing ground, the ground so prepared.] To dig; 
plow; prepare (ground). 
Yf thi lande be leys clene of weedes, 
With diche or forowe to pastync it noo drede is. 
Palladius, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 46. 
pasting (pas'ting), n. [Verbal n. oipaste^, v.] 
1. The operation of treating with paste, or of 
applying paste. 2. The operation or process 
of reducing to the form of a paste. 
Well-prepared soft soda ought to be free from common 
salt ; it is employed to produce the pasting in the first op- 
eration. Watt, Soap-Making, p. 4-2. 
pastitht, a. Same as pasty' 2 . 
pastlert (past'ler), n. [< ME. pasteler, < OF. 
pasteler, F. pastelier, < LL. pastillarius, a maker 
of small loaves, < L. pastillus, a small loaf: see 
pastel.] A pastry-cook ; a baker. 
She daily sent him sundry delicate dishes of meats, tarts, 
and marchpains, and, besides the meat itself, the pastlers 
and cookis to make them, which were excellent workmen. 
North, tr. of Plutarch, p. 569. 
past-master (past ' mas " ter), n. See passed 
master, under master^. 
pastophor (pas'to-for), n. [< Gr. jraaro<t>6pof (see 
def.), (. iraaTOf, a shrine, + <j>epeiv = E. bear 1 .] 
In archseol., one of the bearers or minor priests, 
who carried the image of a god in a shrine in 
processions, etc. Frequent representations of 
the practice appear in Egyptian art. 
pastophorion (pas-to-fo'ri-on), .; pi. pastopho- 
ria (-a). [< Gr. imnrotyoptiov (see def. ), < iraaro- 
0opof,"a shrine-bearer.] In the early church, one 
of the two apartments at the sides of the berna 
or sanctuary in the arrangement as still retained 
in the Greek Church. See parabema. 
pastor (pas'tor), n. [< ME. pastour, < OF. pas- 
tor, pastour, pastre, F. pdtre, a herdsman, shep- 
herd, also F. pasteur, a pastor, = Sp. Pg. pastor 
= It. pastore, a shepherd, = D. pastoor = G. Sw. 
Dan. pastor, a minister of a church, < L. pastor, 
a herdsman or shepherd, a keeper, in ML. the 
pastor or minister of a church (the shepherd of 
the flock), < pascere, pp. pastus, feed, pasture : 
see pasture.] If. One who has the care of aflock 
or herd; a herdsman; especially, a shepherd. 
Gaffray is become a monke for all hys lore, 
Neuer trowed man for to se that houre 
A wolfe to become an herdly pastour! 
Bom. ofPartenay (E. E. T. S.), 1. 5117. 
The hopeless shepherd Strephon . . . called his friendly 
rival the pastor Claius unto him. 
Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, i. 
2. A minister or clergyman installed according 
to the usages of some Christian denomination 
in charge of a specific church orbody of churches. 
The word is often used to denote a clergyman considered 
with reference to his care of his people, as in visiting the 
sick, etc., rather than with reference to his office as preach- 
er. The term shepherd (Latin pastor) is applied in the New 
Testament to Christ (John x. 11 ; 1 Pet. ii. 25) ; thence it 
was transferred to the bishops and other clergy generally 
of the Christian church ; in later usage it is ordinarily con- 
fined to a minister ordained over a local church. 
The sentence was denounced by the pastor, matter of 
manners belonging properly to his place. 
Winthnp, Hist. New England, I. 310. 
The fact is that the man who loomed to such gigantic 
spiritual stature in the pulpit was not a great pastor. 
Josiah Quincy, Figures of the Past, p. 309. 
The minister is a pastor as well as a preacher. ... As a 
preacher he speaks to the people collectively ; but as a 
pastor he watches over them individually. 
Dp. Simpson, Lectures on Preaching, viii. 
3_. [cap.] [NL.] A genus of sturnoid passe- 
rine birds having the head crested and the plu- 
mage in part rose- 
colored, as P. roseus 
of Europe ; the rose- 
starlings : so named 
from association 
with cattle, like 
cow-bird, etc. Also 
called Thremmaphi- 
lus, Gracula, and by 
other names. 4. A 
bird of this genus. 
The pastors revel, 
drinking, fighting, and 
chattering from early 
dawn to blazing noon. 
P. Robinson, Under the 
[Sun, p. 57. 
=Syn. 2. Clergyman, Di- 
vine, etc. See minister. 
pastorablet, a. An erroneous form of pastura- 
ble. Lithgoic. 
pastorage (pas'tor-aj), n. [< pastor + -age.] 
1. Same as pastorate. [Inelegant.] 2. Pas- 
turage. [Rare.] 
Those [animals] fed by pastorage. 
Arbuthnot, Aliments, vi. 8. 23. 
Rose-starling (Pastor roseus}. 
4322 
pastoral (pas'tor-al), a. and n. [ME. pastorel, 
n., a shepherd; <"OF. pastorel, F. pastoral = 
Sp. Pg. pastoral = It. pastorale, < L. pastoralis, 
pertaining to a herdsman or shepherd, in ML. 
also pertaining to the pastor of a church, or 
to a bishop (as a noun, pastoralis, m., pastorale, 
neut., a pasture), < pastor, a herdsman, shep- 
herd: see pastor.] i. a. 1. Pertaining to a 
herdsman or shepherd, or to flocks or herds; 
rustic; rural: as, & pastoral life; pastoral man- 
ners. 
In those pastoral pastimes a great many days were sent 
to follow their flying predecessors. Sir P. Sidney. 
The grace of forest charms decayed, 
And pastoral melancholy. 
Wordsworth, Yarrow Visited. 
2. Descriptive of the life of shepherds; treating 
of rustic life : as, a pastoral poem. 3. Of or per- 
taining to a pastor or his office, dignity, duties, 
etc.; relating to the cure of souls: as, the pas- 
toral care of a church ; a pastoral visit ; pastoral 
work Pastoral charge, (a) The church and congrega- 
tion committed to the charge of a pastor. (f>) In churches 
of the Presbyterian and Congregational orders, the address 
of counsel made by a clergyman to a pastor on his ordina- 
tion or installation. Pastoral epistles. See epistle. 
Pastoral flute, a shepherds' pipe. Pastoral letter, a 
letter addressed, in a pastoral capacity, by a bishop to the 
clergy or to the laity, or to both, or by an ecclesiastical 
body, as a synod or a House of Bishops. Pastoral staff. 
See staff. Pastoral theology, that branch of theology 
which treats of the personal and official duties of pastors, 
in distinction from systematic theology, which treats of re- 
ligious doctrines. Pastoral work, the work of a pastor 
in personal intercourse with his parishioners. = Syn. 1 and 
2. Rustic, Bucolic, etc. See rural. 
II. n. 1. A poem describing the life and man- 
ners of shepherds, or a poem in which the char- 
acters are shepherds or shepherdesses ; in gen- 
eral, any poem the subject of which is the coun- 
try or a country life ; a bucolic. 
A pastoral is a poem in which any action or passion is 
represented by its effects on a country life. Johnson. 
2. Any work of art of which the subject is 
rural. 
Thou, silent form ! dost tease us out of thought 
As doth eternity : cold Pastoral / 
Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn, v. 
3. In music, same as pastorale. 
The pretty little personages of the pastoral . . . dance 
their loves to a minuet-tune played on a bird-organ. 
Thackeray, English Humorists, Prior, Gay, and Pope. 
4. A pastoral letter or address. 5t. A shep- 
herd ; also, a swineherd. 
Poveralle and pastorelles passede one aftyre 
With porkes to pasture at the price gates. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3121. 
pastorale (pas-to-ra'le), n. [It., = E. pastoral: 
see pastoral.'] In music: (a) A variety of opera 
or cantata in which idyllic or rustic scenes pre- 
dominate, the dramatic interest usually being 
slight. The name is sometimes extended to an 
instrumental work of similar character. (6) A 
vocal or instrumental piece in triple rhythm, 
often with a drone-bass, in which a studied sim- 
plicity or an actual imitation of rustic sounds 
suggests pastoral life and its emotions, (c) 
Same as pastourelle. 
pastoralism (pas'tor-al-izm), . [< pastoral 
+ -ism.'] Pastoral character; that which pos- 
sesses, suggests, or confers a pastoral or ru- 
ral character. 
Still it [a close-set wooden paling] is significative of 
pleasant parks, and well-kept field walks, and herds of 
deer, and other such aristocratic pastaralisms. Ruskin. 
pastoralize (pa^'tor-al-Iz), v. t.; pret. and pp. 
pastoraUzedjp-pT.pasioralising. [(pastoral + 
-ize.] To make the subject or theme of a pas- 
toral; celebrate in a pastoral poem. Mrs. 
Browning, Aurora Leigh, iii. 
pastoraliy (pas'tor-al-i), adv. [< pastoral + 
-ly 2 .] 1. In a pastoral or rural manner. 2. In 
the manner of a pastor. 
pastorate (pas'tor-at), n. [< pastor + -ate 3 .] 
1. The status or office of a pastor, or the peo- 
ple under his spiritual care. Hence 2. The 
time during which a pastor remains in charge 
of a parish : as, a pastorate of twenty years. 
3. The body of pastors in a given community. 
pastorist (pas'tor-ist), . [(pastor + -ist.] A 
pastoral poet or actor. 
Comedians, tragedians, tragi-comedians, comi-tragedi 
ans, pastorists, humourists. 
Middleton (and another), Mayor of Queenborough, v. 1. 
pastorita (pas-to-re'ta), n. [< It. pastore, a 
shepherd: see pastor.] A shepherds' pipe, or 
an organ-stop imitating such an instrument. 
pastorless (pas'tor-les), a. [< pastor + -less.] 
Without a pastor. 
pasture 
pastor ling (pas'tor-ling), n. [(pastor + -ling 1 .] 
An insignificant or inferior pastor. Up. Hall. 
[Rare.] 
pastorlyt (pas'tor-li), a. [< pastor + -ly 1 .] Of 
or pertaining to a pastor; befitting a pastor; 
pastor-like. 
Let him advise how he can reject the Pastorly Rod, and 
Sheep-hooke of Christ. Milton, Reformation in Eng., ii. 
pastorship (pas'tor-ship), n. [(.pastor + -ship.] 
The office or dignity of pastor. Foxe. 
pastourelle (pas-to-rel'), n. [< F. pastourelle, 
a dance (see def.), a shepherd girl, fern, of 
pastoureau, OF. pastorel, pastoreau = It. pas- 
torello, a shepherd boy, dim. of L. pastor, a shep- 
herd: see pastor.] One of the figures of a qua- 
drille. 
past-perfect (past-per'fekt), a. and n. Pluper- 
fect. 
The past-perfect is to describe an action as completed at 
a past moment. The Academy, Nov. 23, 1889, p. 343. 
pastront, ii. An obsolete f orm of pastern. Pals- 
grave. 
pastry (pas'tri), n. [< pastel + ^y,~] i t . A 
place where pies, tarts, etc., are made. 
Go, ran, search, pry in every nook and angle of the kitch- 
ens, larders, and pastries. 
Beau, and Fl., Woman-Hater, i. 2. 
2. Viands made of paste, or of which paste con- 
stitutes a principal ingredient; particularly, 
the crust or cover of a pie, tart, or the like. 
Beasts of chase, or fowl of game, 
In pastry built. Milton, P. R., ii. 343. 
The raspberry jam coyly withdrew itself . . . behind a 
lattice-work of pastry. Dickens, Martin Chuzzlewit, xii. 
Vermicelli, . . . and other kinds of pastry, denoted the 
influence of Persian art on the kitchen. 
Palgrave, Central and Eastern Arabia, xiii. 
pastry-cook (pas'tri-kuk), n. 1. One whose 
occupation is the making of pastry. 2. In 
England, one who keeps a restaurant. 
pastry-man (pas'tri-man), . A pastry-cook. 
Addison. 
pastry-schoolt (pas'tri-skol), n. A school of 
cookery. 
To all Young Ladies at Edw. Kidder's Pastry School in 
little Lincoln's Inn Fields are taught all Sorts of Pastry 
and Cookery, Dutch hollow works, and Butter Works, on 
Thursdays, Fridays, and Saturdays in the Afternoon. 
Quoted in Ashton's Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, 
[I. 24. 
pasturability (pas"tur-a-bil'i-ti), n. [<pastur- 
able + -ity (see -bility).] Capability of affording 
pasture ; productiveness or power of production 
of such vegetation as supplies food to grazing 
cattle and flocks. 
A Domesday hide, which one of our latest archfeologists 
with good reason maintains is variable according to the 
arability or pagturability of the land. 
Nation, Aug. 7, 1879, p. 96. 
pasturable (pas'tur-a-bl), a. [< pasture + 
-al>le.] Fit for pasture. Bees. 
pasturage (pas'tur-aj), n. [< OF. pasturage, F. 
pdturage, pasturage, < pasturer, pasture: see 
pasture, v.] 1 . The business of feeding or graz- 
ing cattle; pastoral occupation. 2. Grazing- 
ground ; land appropriated to grazing. 
Above all things, good policy is to be used, that the 
treasures and moneys in a State be not gathered into few 
hands. . . . This is done chiefly by suppressing, or, at the 
least, keeping a strait hand upon, the devouring trades of 
usury, engrossing great pasturages, and the like. 
Bacon, Seditions and Troubles. 
3. Grass on which cattle or flocks feed. 
The soil apt for vines, and not destitute of corn, afford- 
ing pasturage for goats, whereof they have plenty. 
Sandys, Travailes, p. 22. 
4. In Scots law, the right of pasturing cattle 
on certain ground Common pasturage. See com- 
mon. 
pasture (pas'tur), . [< ME. pasture, < OF. 
pasture, F. pdiure = Sp. Pg. It. pastura, < L. 
pastura, a feeding, pasture, <pascere, pp.gastus, 
cause to feed or graze, feed, nourish, maintain, 
support, in middle use feed, graze, browse; 
akin to pabulum, food, < j/ pa, feed. From the 
same source are pastor, pastern, pastil, pastille, 
pastel, repast, impester, pester, etc.] If. Food; 
nourishment; fare. 
He preach'd 
How sweet the air of a contented conscience 
Smelt in his nose now ; ask'd 'em all forgiveness 
For their hard pasture since they liv'd with him. 
Fletcher and Shirley, Night/Walker, v. 1. 
The first pastures of our infant age. Dryden. 
2. Grass for the food of cattle or other ani- 
mals ; the food of cattle taken by grazing. 
Anon a careless herd, 
Full of the pasture, jumps along by him, 
And never stays to greet him. 
Shak., As you Like it, ii. 1. 53. 
