patent 
of their own selection. [Colloq. ] Patent leather, met- 
al, etc. See the nouns. Patent medicine, a drug which 
is patented, or the name of which is patented ; but usually, 
and less properly, any drug the manufacture and sale of 
which are restricted in any way, whether by patent of sub- 
stance, name, label, or the like, or by secrecy as to the 
nature and method of preparation. Patent outside, a 
newspaper printed on the outside only, sold to publish- 
ers and filled up by them like a patent inside. [Colloq.] 
Patent yellow. Seeyelloiv. =Syn. 3. Plain, obvious, pal- 
pable, unmistakable, glaring, notorious. 
II. it. 1. An official document, sometimes 
called letters patent (which see, under letter 3 ), 
conferring or granting a privilege; also, the 
privilege so granted: as, a patent of nobility; 
a patent conferring the right to engage in a 
particular trade or pursuit, maintain a place of 
amusement, or the like, usually to the exclusion 
of others. 
The cause of this fair gift in me is wanting, 
And so my patent back again is swerving. 
Shak., Sonnets, Ixxxvii. 
Thou hast a patent to abuse thy friends. 
Ford, Lover's Melancholy, i. 2. 
4326 
patentee (pat-en-te' or pa-ten-te'). . [< pat- 
I'lifl + -eel.] 'One who hold's a patent; one to 
whom a patent is granted. 
Notwithstanding the fishing ships made such good re- 
turnes, at last it was ingrossed by twenty Pattenttes. 
Quoted in Capt. John Smith's Works, II. 263. 
Michell, one of thegraspingpotejiteeswhohad purchased 
of the favourite the power of robbing the nation, was fined 
and imprisoned for life. Macaulay, Nugent's Hampden. 
patenter (pat'en-ter or pa'ten-ter), n. [< pat- 
ent* + -er*.] Same as patentee. 
patently (pat-ent-li or pa'tent-li), adv. In a 
patent manner; openly; plainly; unmistaka- 
bly: as, patently fallacious. 
patentor (pat'en-tor or pa'ten-tor), . [< pat- 
ent 1 + -or*.] 1. One who grants a patent. 2. 
One who secures a patent ; a patentee. 
patent-right (pat'ent-rit), n. The exclusive 
right secured by letters patent ; specifically, the 
exclusive privilege granted to an inventor of 
practising or exploiting his invention. 
are no more peers than I am, he [William IV.] desired them 
to appear as such in Westminster Abbey and do homage. 
Oreville, Memoirs, Sept. 8, 1831. 
2. Specifically (f) A letter of indulgence; 
an indulgence ; a pardon. 
Thanne plokked he forth a patent, a pece of an harde roche, 
Wher-on were writen two wordes on this wyse y-glosed, 
Dilige deum et proximum tuum. 
Fieri Plowman (B), xvii. 10. 
Our lige lordes seel on my patente 
That shewe I first, my body to warente. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Pardoner's Tale, 1. 51. 
(ft) The grant by a government to the author 
of a new and useful invention, or to his as- 
signs, of the exclusive right of exploiting that 
invention for a specified term of years; also, 
the instrument or letters by which a grant of 
land is made by a government to a person or cor- 
poration. By the United States Revised Statutes, sec. 
4886, etc., any person, whether a citizen or an alien, may 
obtain patent protection for the term of seventeen years 
"who has invented or discovered any new and useful art, 
machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any 
new and useful improvement thereof, not known or used 
by others in this country, and not patented or described 
in any printed publication in this or any foreign country, 
before his invention or discovery thereof, and not in pub- 
lic use or on sale for more than two years prior to his ap- 
plication, unless the same is proved to have been aban- 
doned." The fact that the invention has been first patent- 
ed in a foreign country will not debar the inventor from 
obtaining a valid patent in the United States, unless the 
same has been here "introduced into public use for more 
than two years prior to the application." But the patent 
will expire with that foreign patent having the shortest 
term. In the application of the several clauses of this 
statute, distinctions arise of difficult and delicate charac- 
ter, which are the constant subject of controversy For 
tke United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the 
Isle of Man, patents are granted (under 46 and 47 Viet., c. 
57, 1883) to any person, whether British subject or not. 
The general principles as to what constitutes an inven- 
tion or improvement are substantially the same as above 
stated. For each of the principal British colonies there 
is a separate statute. 
If the affairs committed to such officers and commis- 
or register of letters patent issued in Great 
Britain; letters patent collected together on 
parchment rolls. Every roll represents or contains the 
patents of a year, but is sometimes divided into two or 
more parts. Every sheet is numbered and is called a mem- 
brane. Usually abbreviated pat. when cited : thus, Pat. 
10 Hen. III. m. 8, means eighth membrane or sheet of the 
patent-roll of the tenth year of Henry III. When the docu- 
ment is on the back of the roll, the letter d (dorso) is add- 
ed to the citation. Brewer. 
The patent rolls of the ninth year of the reign contain 
several commissions issued by the king's authority for the 
suppression of heresy. Stubbs, Const. Hist., 404. 
patera (pat[e-ra), n. ; pi. patera (-re). [L., a 
broad flat dish or saucer, \patere, lie open : see 
patenfl . Cf. patent, patina.] 1. A shallow, 
circular, saucer-like vessel 
used by the Romans for 
pouring libations in sacri- 
ficial rites. It corresponds 
to the Greek phiale. 2. In arch., the ^j, iu - 
sentation of a flat round dish in bas-relief, used 
as an ornament in friezes, etc. Rosettes and other 
flat ornaments of various shapes, which bear no resem- 
men, according to patent, are to choose them. 
Winthrop, Hist. New England, II. 255. 
3. An invention ; a thing invented : as, the ma- 
chine is a new patent. [Colloq.] 4f. A region 
or tract of land granted by letters patent; a 
concession. [Instances of this use are still retained 
as in Holland Patent, a village in Oneida county, New 
York, situated in a tract acquired about 1789, under a grant 
from the State of New York, by a company of Hollanders.] 
He was, at a court, 3 October, 1632, "required to forbear 
exercising his gifts as a pastor or teacher publicly in our 
patent, unles it be to those he brought with him " 
Quoted in Winthrop's Hist. New England, I. 93. 
The woman dwelt now in Plimouth patent. 
Winthrop, Hist. New England, II. 191. 
Infringement of patent. See infringement. Patent 
office, an office for the granting of patents for inventions 
the bureau or department of government charged with the 
granting of patents for inventions. In the United States 
the Patent Office, created in its present form in 1836 is 
now a branch of the Department of the Interior ; its head 
is called the Commissioner of Patents. 
patent 1 (pat'ent or pa'tent), r. t. [< patent*, 
M.] 1. To grant by patent; make the subject 
of a patent; grant an exclusive right to by let- 
ters patent, 2. To obtain a patent upon; ob- 
tain an exclusive right in by securing letters 
patent. [A colloquial inversion of the preced- 
ing sense, now established.] 
patent 2 t, . A Middle English form of paten*. 
patentability (paf'en- or pa'ten-ta-bil'i-ti), n. 
[< patentable + -ity (see &*&).] Capability 
t being patented : as, the patentalrility of an 
invention, or of a tract of public land. 
patentable (pat'en- or pa"ten-ta-bl), a. [< pat- 
ent* + -able.'] Capable of beiug'patented ; suit- 
able to be patented. 
Architectural Paterae. 
blance to dishes, are now often called by this name. The 
name is also inappropriately given to the flat ornaments 
of diverse forms frequently occurring in the Perpendicu- 
lar medieval style. 
The capital [of the shaft] consists of four plain circles 
something like patera, with leaves on each side of them, 
the work above this somewhat resembling a Tuscan capi- 
tal. Pococke, Description of the East, II. ii. 89. 
Druldical patera. See druidic. 
Patera process. See j>rocess. 
>. Same as 
patererot (pat-e-ra ro), n.; pi. patereroes (-roz). 
A oorru P tion of P**nro. 
His habitation is defended by a ditch, over which he has 
wtth ^ 
UM4J MMMV IrtUU MUM. 
Smollett, Peregrine Pickle, ii. (Davits.) 
I can see the brass patararoes glittering on her poop. 
Kingsley, Westward Ho, xix. (Dames.) 
pateressa (pat-e-res'a), n. ; pi. pateressse (-e). 
[ML.; NGr. naTepiroa, a bishop's staff.] The 
pastoral staff of a Greek bishop. It has a cres- 
cent-shaped head, variously curved and orna- 
mented, and is in fact a form of the tau. 
paterfamilias (pa/'ter-fa-mil'i-as), n. [L., prop, 
two words, pater famitias : pater, father ; fa- 
milias, archaic gen. offatnilia, a family, house- 
hold: see family.] The father of a family; the 
head of a household; hence, sometimes, the 
head man of a community ; the chief of a tribe. 
In the early days of ancient Rome the archaic family, 
ruled over by the pater -familiax, and called a corporation 
by Sir H. 8. Maine, must have formed a strong and effi- 
cient form of local government at a time when central 
government was comparatively feeble. 
Westminster Rev., CXXV. 359. 
pateriform(pat'e-ri-f6rm), a. [< L. patera, aflat 
dish, + forma, form.] Having the shape of a 
patera or saucer.- Pateriform Joints of the antenna; 
or PajP 1 , m entom., joints which are round, very short, 
and dilated so as to form a nearly flat or concave apical 
surface, but a rounded basal one partly hidden in the pre- 
ceding joint. 
Paterini, n.pl. See Patarini. 
paternal (pa-ter'nal), a. [< F. paternel = Sp. 
Pg. paternal = It. paternale, < ML. paternalis, 
< L. patermis, pertaining to a father, < pater = 
paternoster 
E. father: see. father.'] 1. Of or pertaining to 
a f atlier ; proper to or characteristic of a father ; 
fatherly: as, paternal care or affection; pater- 
nal favor or admonition. 
Here I disclaim all my paternal care, 
Propinquity and property of blood, 
And as a stranger to my heart and me 
Hold thee, from this, for ever. 
Shale., Lear, i. 1. 115. 
Mr. Gladstone conceives that the duties of governments 
are paternal ; a doctrine which we shall not believe till he 
can show us some government which loves its subjects as 
a father loves a child. 
Macaulay, Gladstone on Church and State. 
2. Derived from the father; hereditary: as, a 
paternal estate. 
The omniflc Word, ... on the wings of cherubim 
Uplifted, in paternal glory rode 
Far into Chaos and the world unborn. 
Milton, P. L., vii. 219. 
Happy the man whose wish and care 
A few paternal acres bound, 
Content to breathe his native air 
In his own ground. 
Pope, Solitude. 
Paternal government. Same as paternalism. - Syn. 1. 
Parental, etc. See fatherly. 
paternalism (pa-ter'nal-izm), n. [< paternal 
+ -ism.] Paternal care or government; spe- 
cifically, excessive governmental regulation of 
the private affairs and business methods and 
interests of the people ; undue solicitude on the 
part of the central government for the protec- 
tion of the people and their interests, and in- 
terference therewith. 
The fallacy that social co-operation in the form of State 
activity is an emasculatingpatemotoni. 
Contemporary Rev. , LI. 711. 
paternalistic (pa-ter-na-lis'tik), a. [<paternal 
+ -ist + -ic.] Of or pertaining to paternalism. 
paternally (pa-ter'nal-i), adv. In a paternal 
manner ; in the manner of a father. 
paternet, An obsolete form of pattern. 
Paternian(pa-ter'ni-an),M. [<ML. Paterniani.] 
A member of a sect referred to by Augustine, 
who are said to have held that God made the 
upper parts of the human body and Satan the 
lower. They led impure lives. Also called 
Vennstian. 
paternity (pa-ter'ni-ti), n. [< F. paternite = 
Sp. patemidad = Pg. paternidade = It. pater- 
nita, < LL. paternita(t-)s, fatherly feeling or 
care, fatherhood, < L. paternus, pertaining to a 
father: nee paternal.] 1. Fathership; father- 
hood ; the relation of a father to his offspring. 
Where a spiritual paternity is evident, we need look no 
further for spiritual government, because in the paternal 
rule all power is founded. Jer. Taylor, Works, III. iv. 
2. Derivation from a father: as, the child's 
paternity is unknown. Hence 3. Origin: au- 
thorship. 
The paternity of these novels was from time to time 
warmly disputed. Scott. 
paternoster (pa'ter-nos'ter), n. [< ME. pater- 
noster = F. patendtre (also pater) = Pr. pater- 
nostre, patrenostre = Sp. padrenvestro = Pg. 
padre nosso = It. padre noslro, < ML. paternos- 
ter, < L. pater noster, the first two words of the 
Lord's Prayer in Latin : pater, father (see fa- 
ther) ; noster, our: see nostrum.] 1. The Lord's 
Prayer: so called from the first two words of 
the Latin version. 
And lewede leele laborers and land-tylynge peuple 
Persen with a pater-noster paradys other heuene. 
Passinge purgatorie penaunceles for here parflt by-leyue. 
Piers Plowman (C), xii. 295. 
So Luther thought the Pater-noster long, 
When doomed to say his beads and even-song. 
Pope, Satires of Donne, ii. 105. 
2. One of the large beads in the rosary used 
by Roman Catholics in their devotions, at 
which, in telling their beads, they repeat the 
Lord's Prayer. Every eleventh bead is a pater- 
noster. 3. Hence, the rosary itself. 
Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, bequeaths, A.D. 
1361, to his nephew, "a pair of gold paternosters of fifty 
pieces, with ornaments, together with a cross of gold in 
which is a piece of the true cross." (Test. Vet. i. 67.) 
Rock, Church of our Fathers, III. i. 330, note. 
4. An object composed of beads or of bead- 
like objects strung together like a rosary; spe- 
cifically, a fishing-line to which hooks are at- 
tached at regular intervals, and also leaden 
beads or shot to sink it ; also, in arch., a kind of 
ornament in the shape of beads, used in baguets, 
astragals, etc. 
This fish [bleak] maybe caught with a Pater-noster line : 
that is, six or eight very small hooks tied along the line, 
one half a foot above the other. 
/. Walton, Complete Angler, p. 172. 
