patriarchism 
patriarchism (pa'tri-ar-ki/.m), . [< />nlrir<-h 
+ -i.im.] Government by a patriarch or tin- 
head of a family, who is both ruler and priest. 
patriarchship (p&'tri-tok-ehip), . [< putri- 
(in-li + -ship.] The office of a patriarch. 
patriarchy (pa'tri-ar-ki), n. [= F. patriordnte 
= It. patriarchia, < Gr. ira-pia/>xia, a patriarch- 
ate, < irarpiapxris, a patriarch: see patriarch.] 
1 . A community or aggregation of related fam- 
ilies under the authority and rule of a patriarcli 
or the eldest valid male ascendant. 2. A sys- 
tem of government by patriarchs. 3. The com- 
munity or ecclesiastical province under the 
jurisdiction of a patriarch. 
patricht, AMiddle English form ofpartri(l;ii: 
patrician 1 (pa-trish'an), a. and n. [Formerly 
also patritian; < F. patricien, < ML. as if *pa- 
trieianus, < Ii. patricius (> It. Sp. Pg. patrido), 
rarely also patritius, of the rank or dignity of 
the patres, < pater, father, pi. patres, the sena- 
tors or nobles, 'the fathers': see patres con- 
scripti and father.'] I. a. Belonging to or com- 
posed of the patres or fathers (the title of the 
senators of ancient Rome); hence, of noble 
birth; noble; senatorial; not plebeian: as, pa- 
trician families ; patrician influence. 
II. n. 1. In ancient Rome, a descendant or 
reputed descendant of one of the original citizen 
families ; hence, in general, a person of noble 
birth. 
There hath been in Rome strange insurrections ; the 
people against the senators, patricians, and nobles. 
Shak., Cor., iv. 3. 15. 
The plebs, like the English commons, contained families 
differing widely in rank and social position, among them 
those families which, as soon as an artificial barrier broke 
down, joined with the patricians to form the new nobility. 
Encyc. Brit., XVII. 526. 
2. Under the later Roman empire, a title or dig- 
nity conferred by the emperor, often upon per- 
sons of plebeian blood, or even upon foreigners. 
It was frequently given to propitiate the good will of a 
powerful chief. The title was conferred by Pope Stephen 
on Pepin the Short, and was assumed by certain rulers, as 
Charlemagne. 
Some worthy Duke or Patrifian of Venice . . . hadbeene 
some benefactor to the Towne. Coryat, Crudities, I. 152. 
No kings of Angles or Saxons ruled by an Imperial com- 
mission ; none bore the title of Consul or Patrician of the 
ancient Commonwealth. 
Ji. A. Freeman, Norm. Conq., V. 229. 
3. A member of an influential class in certain 
German and Swiss cities in the middle ages. 4. 
One who is familiar with the works of the early 
fathers of the Christian church. Coleridge. 
[Rare.] 
Patrician 2 (pa-trish'an), H. [< Patricias (see 
def.) -f- -an.] A member of a Christian body, 
probably of the fifth century, followers of one 
Patricius, who held dualistic doctrines. 
patricianhood (pa-trish'au-hud), n. [< patri- 
cian 1 + -hood.'] 1. The quality or character of 
a patrician ; nobility of birth. 
In Virginia, with its headquarters at Richmond, there 
was a good deal of ancestral patricianhood. 
Arch. Forbes, Souvenirs of some Continents, p. 142. 
2. Patricians collectively; the nobility; the 
body of those claiming honor from their de- 
scent. [Rare in both uses.] 
patricianism (pa-trish'an-izm), 11. [< patri- 
cian 1 + -ism.'] Claim to honor and preference 
on the score of noble descent ; the doctrine of 
inequality of birth. 
Simple manhood is to have a chance to play his stake 
against Fortune with honest dice, uncogged by those 
three hoary sharpers, Prerogative, Patricianism, and 
Priestcraft. Lowell, Among my Books, 1st ser., p. 280. 
patriciate (pa-trish'i-at), n. [< L. patriciatus, 
the rank or dignity of a patrician/ patriciux, a 
patrician: see patrician^.] 1. The dignity or 
position of a patrician, in any sense of that 
word. 
The nobility of office and what I may perhaps call the 
nobility of elder settlement, such as that of the Roman 
patriciate, are only two ways out of many in which certain 
families have risen to hereditary preeminence over their 
E. A. Freeman, Amer. Lects., p. 309. 
2. Patricians collectively; the patrician order; 
the aristocracy. 
While the privileges of the old patriciate rested on law or 
perhaps rather on immemorial custom, the privileges of 
the new nobility rested wholly on a sentiment of which 
men could remember the beginning. 
Encyc. Brit., XVII. 526. 
3. The period during which the holder enjoyed 
the dignity of patrician. 
We hold that this was the villa near Salena where the 
deposed Emperor Nepos was slain, during the patriciate 
of Odoacer. E. A. Freeman, Venice, p. 146. 
patricidal (pat'ri-si-dal), a. [< patricide + -al.] 
Relating to patricide ;' parricidal. Imp. Diet. 
4330 
patricide 1 (pat'ri-sid), n. [= Sp. It. patrici<lti. 
< L. as if *patrici(la (the supposed orig. form of 
pitrricitla. a parricide: see parricide^), < puti-r 
(patr-), father, + -cida, < csedere, kill.] A mur- 
derer of his father. Imp. Diet. 
patricide- (pat'ri-sid), . [= Sp. It. jHitriciilin, 
< L. as if *patricidium (the supposed orig. form 
of parricidium, parricide: see parricide^), <, pa- 
ter (patr-), father, + -cidium, < cxdere, kill.] 
The murder of a father. Imp. Diet. 
Patrick (pat'rik), n. A dialectal variant of par- 
trtdge. 
patricot (pat'ri-ko), n. [Thieves' slang.] A 
hedge-priest or orator among gipsies and beg- 
gars. Also patercove. 
Aim. A supercilious rogue ! he looks as if 
He were ihepatrico 
Mad. Or archpriest of Canters. 
B. Jonson, Staple of News, iv. 1. 
A Patrice amongst Beggars is their priest, euery hedge 
beeing his parish, euery wandring harlot and rogue his 
parishioners. Dekker, Belman of London (ed. 1808), sig. C. 3. 
patrimonial (pat-ri-mo'ni-al), a. [= F. patri- 
m(iitiI = Sp. Pg. patrimonial = It. patrimoniale, 
< L. patrimonialis, pertaining to a patrimony, 
< patrimonium, patrimony: see patrimony.] 
Pertaining to a patrimony; inherited from an 
ancestor or ancestors : as, a patrimonial estate. 
He that saw 
His patrimonial timber cast its leaf 
Sells the last scantling, and transfers the price 
To some shrewd sharper, ere it buds again. 
Cowper, Task, ill. 752. 
Patrimonial or hereditary Jurisdiction, that jurisdic- 
tion which a person exercises over others by right of in- 
heritance, or as owner of an estate. 
patrimonially (pat-ri-mo'ni-al-i), adv. By way 
of patrimony; by inheritance. 
patrimony (pat'ri-mo-ni), n. [= F. patrimoine 
= Sp. Pg. It. patrimonio, < L. patrimonium, a 
paternal estate or inheritance, < pater (pair-) = 
E. father: see father.] 1. A right or an estate 
inherited from one's ancestors; property fall- 
ing to a person on the death of his father; 
heritage. 
I pray you stand, good father, to me now ; 
Give me Bianca for my patrimony. 
Shak., T. of the S., iv. 4. 22. 
A gem but worth a private patrimony 
Is nothing ; we will eat such at a meal. 
B. Jonson, Volpone, iii. C. 
A patrimony which neither kings nor potentates can 
bequeath to their offspring. 
D. Webster, Speech at Concord, Sept. SO, 1834. 
2. A church estate or revenue ; the endowment 
of a church or religious house, 
patriot (pa'tri-qt or pat'ri-ot), n. and a. [< F. 
patriote = Sp. Pg. patriota = It. patriotto = D. 
G. Sw. Dan. patriot, one who loves his country, 
< ML. patriota, < Gr. traTpiurqc, a fellow-coun- 
tryman, < trarpia, a race (cf. irar/ticx;, from the 
forefathers, hereditary), < irartip = L. pater = 
E. father: see father.] I. n. A person who 
loves his country, and zealously supports and 
defends it and its interests. 
There are times and seasons when the best patriots are 
willing to withdraw their hands from the commonwealth, 
as Phocion in his latter days was observed to decline the 
management of affairs. Dryden, King Arthur, Ded. 
Such is the patriot's boast, where'er we roam, 
His first, best country ever is at home. 
Goldsmith, Traveller, 1. 73. 
II. a. Patriotic ; devoted to the welfare of 
one's country: as, patriot zeal. 
Ah, let not Britons doubt their social aim, 
Whose ardent bosoms catch this ancient flre ! 
Cold interest melts before the vivid flame, 
And patriot ardours but with life expire ! 
Shenstone, Elegies, ii. 
To shake thy senate, and from heights sublime 
Of patriot eloquence to flash down flre 
Upon thy foes, was never meant my task. 
Cowper, Task, ii. 217. 
patriotic (pa-tri- or pat-ri-ot'ik), a. [= F. pa- 
triotique = Sp. patri6tico = Pg. patriotieo = 
It. patriottico, patriotic, < ML. patrioticus, < Gr. 
7raTpjT(Kdf, pertaining to descent or race, or 
to a fellow-countryman, < Trarpiurtii;, a fellow- 
countryman: see patriot.] 1. Full of patriot- 
ism; actuated by the love of country. 2. In- 
spired by the love of one's country; directed 
to the public safety and welfare. 
O Thou ! who pour'd the patriotic tide 
That stream'd through Wallace's undaunted heart, 
Who dared to nobly stem tyrannic pride. 
Or nobly die, the second glorious part. 
Burns, Cottar's Saturday Night. 
patriotical (pa-tri- or pat-ri-ot'i-kal), a. [< pa- 
triotic + -al.] Same aspatriotic. [Rare.] 
patriotically (pa-tri- or pat-ri-ot'i-kal-i), adv. 
In a patriotic manner. 
patrol 
patriotism (pa'tri- or pat'ri-ot-izm). it. [< F. 
patriotiiiiue = Sp. Pg. patrioOtmo = It. patriot- 
ti.-<iii<> = D. G. patriutixHiim = tiw.patriotimn = 
Dan. piitriutixnie; as patriot + -/*/.] 1. Love 
of one's country; the passion which moves a 
person to serve his country, either in defending 
it from invasion or in protecting its rights and 
maintaining its laws and institutions. 
Being loud and vehement, either against a court or for 
a court, is no proof of patriotism. . . . Where the heart is 
right, there is true patriotism. 
Bp. Berkeley, Maxims, Kos. 2 and 32. 
All civic virtues, all the heroism and self-sacrifice of 
patriotism, spring ultimately from tlie habit men acquire 
uf regarding their nation as a great organic whole, identi- 
fying themselves with its fortunes in the past as in the 
present, and looking forward anxiously to its future des- 
tinies. Lecky, Bug. in 18th Cent., ii. 
2. Love of country embodied or personified; 
patriots collectively. 
Aristocratism rolls in its carriage, while Patriotism can- 
not trail its cannon. Carlyle. 
Patripassian (pa-tri-pas'i-an), . [< 1SL. patri- 
passiatius (see def.), < L. i>ater (patr-), father, 
+ pati, pp.passus, suffer, endure: see patient, 
pnnsioH.] A Monarchian who denied the dis- 
tinction of three persons in one God, and held 
that there is only one divine Person, who in his 
eternal nature was termed the Father, but in 
his incarnation the Son, and who suffered in 
the passion as the Son. The term is said to oc- 
cur first in literature in a treatise of Tertul- 
lian, about A. D. 200. Compare Sabellian. 
Patripassianism (pa-tri-pas'i-an-izm), . [< 
Patripassian + -ism.] The doctrines peculiar 
to the Patripassians. 
patrist (pa'trist), n. [< L. pater (patr-), father, 
+ -ist.] One who is versed in the lives or 
works of the fathers of the Christian church. 
patristic (pa-tris'tik), a. [< F. patristique ; as 
patrist + -ic.] Of or pertaining to the fathers 
of the Christian church : as, patristic theology ; 
patristic writings. 
patristical (pa-tris'ti-kal), a. [< patristic + 
-al.] Same as patristic. 
patristically (pa-tris'ti-kal-i), adv. In a pa- 
tristic manner ; after the manner of the Chris- 
tian fathers. 
patristicism (pa-tris'ti-sizm), n. [< patristic 
+ -ism.] The doctrines or mode of thought of 
the fathers of the church ; patristic thought or 
literature. 
Patristicism, or the science of the fathers, was thus es- 
sentially founded on the principle that the Scriptures con- 
tain all knowledge permitted to man. 
J. W. Draper, Hist. Intellectual Development of Europe, x. 
patristics (pa-tris'tiks), n. [PI. of patristic: 
see 'ic*.] That department of study which is 
occupied with the doctrines and writings of the 
fathers of the Christian church. Also called 
patrology. 
patrizatet, v. i. [< LL. patrizatw, pp. of pa- 
trizare, patrissare, imitate one's father, < L. 
pater, father: see father.] To imitate one's 
father. 
In testimony of his true affection to the dead father in 
his living son, this gentleman [Waterhouse] is thought to 
hare penned that most judicious and elegant Epistle, and 
presented it to the young Earl [Essex], conjuring him by 
the cogent arguments of example and rule to patrizate. 
Fuller, Worthies, Hertfordshire, II. 45. 
patrocinatet (pa-tros'i-nat), r. t. [< li.patro- 
cinatus,pp. of patrocinari (> It. patrocinare = 
Pg. Sp. Pr. patrocinar^ F. patrociner), protect, 
defend, support, < patrocinium, protection, de- 
fense, patronage : see patrociny.] To patron- 
ize; countenance. 
Unless faith be kept within its own latitude, and not 
called out to patrocinate every less necessary opinion, . . . 
there is no way in the world to satisfy unlearned persons 
in the choice of their religion. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), II. 299. 
patrocinationt (pa-tros-i-na'shon), w. [< L. as 
if *patrocinatio(n-}, < patrocinari, protect: see 
patrocinate.] Countenance ; support ; patron- 
age. 
Those shameless libels, those patrocinations of treason. 
Bp. Hall, St. Paul's Combat, i. 
patrocinyt (pa-tros'i-ni), n. [= Sp. Pg. It. 
patrocinio, < L. patrodnium, protection, patron- 
age, < patromis, a protector, a patron: see pa- 
tron.] Patrocination. 
'Tis a vain religion which gives patrociny to wickedness. 
Waterhouse, Apology (1653), p. 240. 
patrol (pa-trol'), F. ; pret. ondpp.pafroBsd, ppr. 
patroUinfj. [= D. patrouilleren = G. patrotil- 
liren = Sw. patriillerti = Dan. patrollere, < 
F. patrouiller = Sp. /m/nillur = Pg. patnil- 
har = It. pattut/liare, patrol ; the same word 
