patrol 
as F. iidtrouilli-r, paddli- or dabble in (lie wa- 
ter, paw, paw alioiil, OF. /mli'iiiiilli r, also 
without tlir unont;. medial /', iinlniiillcr, \(- 
r, F. diiil. i>ntnilli r, i><itrn,ull< r (also willi 
(lilt, term., /nitiii/ni'i-. pitti-tint/Hrr, putrii/ni-r, pii- 
t<nii/i : r), jiiiilillr or ilalilili' in water, begrime, be- 
smear. = Sp. palutlitr,\>niM\i- or wade through 
inuii (whence appur. in camp use the exten- 
sion of tin 1 word to 'patrol' in general); with 
a. dim. trrm. F. -miill-er, etc., of freq. force, < 
OF. i>ut<; pniii; V. /ntlti- (= Sp. Pg. pata), the 
paw or foot of a beast or bird, in vulgar use 
also the hanil of a person, etc. Cf. ( i . //(/, 
an instrument for striking, the hand, also a 
puddle, niire./M/.sT/f-fH.s-x, a webfoot, web-footed 
bird, /iiifxclii'ii, strike, tap, dabble, waddle, 
splash, dial. pat..m, strike, pat (but prob. not 
related to E. pat: see pat 1 ). The D. pool 
= MLG. LG. pote = G. pfote = Dan. pote, 
paw, belongs with E. paw: see paw 1 . It is un- 
certain whether the verb or the noun precedes 
in E. use: see the noun.] I. intrans. 1. To 
go the rounds in a camp or garrison ; march 
about in order to check disorder or irregular- 
ities, as a guard. 
These out-guards of the mind are Bent abroad, 
And still patroliny beat thu neighbouring road. 
Sir K. Blackmore, Creation, vl. 
2. To go tho rounds in a city, as a body of po- 
lice. 
II. trans. To perambulate or traverse in all 
directions, as a patrol in a camp, garrison, town, 
harbor, etc., for the purpose of watching, guard- 
ing, or protecting ; go over or through in all di- 
rections as a patrolman. 
The chief part of the stories, however, turned upon the 
favorite spectre of Sleepy Hollow, the headless horseman, 
who had been heard several times of late patrolling the 
Irving, Sketch-Book, p. 443. 
adrons of 
country. 
This intervening country was patrolled by squ 
cavalry for the purpose of intercepting their pro 
Prewott, Ferd. and Isa., i 8. 
patrol (pa-trol'), [Formerly zlaopatrole; = 
D. patroelje = G. patrolle = Sw.patrull = Dan. 
patrol, < OF. patrouille, patouilte, F. patrouille 
= Sp. patrulUi = Pg. patmlha = It. pattuylia, a 
patrol: seepatrol, .] 1. A walking or march- 
ing round, as in a camp, garrison, town, or other 
place, in order to watch and protect it. 
And the sheriff s, mounted "alia cappariaonee." with their 
blue coat attendance, rode the petrorille [read patrouillf] 
about the city almost all night, and no one attempted to 
make a bonllre. North, Examen, p. 580. 
2. The guard or persons who thus go the rounds ; 
specifically, a police constable whose duty it 
is to perambulate a "beat" or district for a 
certain number of hours, for the protection 
of life and property, and the preservation of 
the peace; also, such constables collectively. 
Flank patrols. See fanki. Horse-patrol. Same 
as mounted patrol. Mounted patrol, an armed man or a 
body of armed men performing patrol duty on horseback. 
patrollotism (pa-trol'ot-izm), n. [< V.patrouil- 
lotimue, < patrouille, patrol, + dim. -ot + -iitme, 
E. -ism.'] A system of military police or patrol. 
[Kare.] 
The caricaturist promulgates his emblematic tablature : 
Le Patrouillotisine chassant le Fatriotisme, Patriotism 
driven out by I'atrallutinn. Carlyle, French Rev., I. vli. 1. 
patrolman (pa-trol 'man), H.; pi. patrolmen 
(-men). 1. A member of the police force of a 
town or city who patrols a certain " beat " ; one 
of the patrol ; a policeman ; specifically, in 
some large cities of the United States, a mem- 
ber of the principal body of the police force 
ranking below a roundsman. 
The patrolman expressed a preference for a promenade 
with us. Harper's Mag., LXXVIII. 627. 
Hence 2. One who goes over a certain course 
examining something, as the condition of an 
electric circuit. 
The chief lineman should have under his care all pole 
lines and outside construction of all kinds. . . . He should 
also have charge of the carbon-setters and urc-patrolinfn. 
Klectrio Rev. (Amer.), XVI. 16. 
patrology (pa-trol'o-ji), H. Same as patrixtirn. 
patron (pa'tron or pat'ron), n. and a. [< ME. 
patron, patroun, a patron, defender, also a pat- 
tern (see pattern), < OF. patron, F. patron, a 
patron, protector, master, captain, skipper, etc., 
also a pattern, model, = Sp. patrono, patrmi. a 
patron, also a pattern, = Pg. patrono = It. pa- 
trono, padrone, a patron, master, etc. (see pa- 
drone), = D. patroon = G. patnnir = Sw. Dan. 
patron, a patron, < L. ptitroiimt, a protector, pa- 
tron (of individuals, or of cities or provinces), 
also a defender in a court of law, an advocate, 
pleader, etc.. in ML. an example, also a pattern. 
model, < pater (pair-), father: see father. Cf. 
4881 
i, pailroiir, and finttcrx, doublets of pa- 
ii'"n."\ I. . 1. One who holds a relation of su- 
periority and service analogous to that of a 
lather; hence, a protector. 
I shall be brief and plain. All what my father, 
This country's patron, hath discours'd is true. 
Beau, and ft.. Laws of Candy, I. 2. 
Specifically (a) Among the Romans, a master who hail 
freed his slave, or a father who had emancipated his child 
and retained some rights over him after his emancipa 
tlon those who succeeded to the master or father, aa i In 
case might be, usually becoming the patrons In his place 
(6) A Roman of iligtlnctlon under whose protection an 
other, called the client, placed himself. 
It Is the client's duty 
To wait upon his j*itmn. 
Fletcher (and HaaiwjerT). Lovers' Progress, r. 1. 
(c) In Or. antio., an advocate or pleader ; a guardian ; an 
official or legal Intermediary. 
At Athens . . . domiciled strangers metocl were 
subject to a small stranger's tax, had heavier pecuniary 
burdens than the native citizen, were required to serve in 
the army and navy, and needed a patron for the transaction 
of legal business. Woolsey, In trod, to Inter. Law, ( 03. 
2. One who protects, countenances, supports, 
or encourages a person or a work; an encour- 
ager, protector, or favorer: as, & patron of the 
fine arts. 
He is the pyes pafroun and putteth It In hire ere, 
That there the thorne is thlkkcst to buylden and hreue. 
Pitrs Plowman (B\ xlL 227. 
Books such as are worthy the name of books ought to 
have no patrons but truth and reason. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, i. 36. 
Hugh was a patron of learned men, and a founder of 
monasteries. Stubbs, Medieval and Modern Hist., p. ISO. 
3. A special guardian or protector; a saint 
whose special care is invoked, and who is re- 
garded as a special guardiau : as, St. Crispin, 
the patron (or patron saint) of shoemakers. 
St. Nicholas was deemed the patron of children In gen- 
eral, but much more particularly of all schoolings, amongst 
whom the 6th of December (the saint's festival) used to be 
a very great holy day, for more than one reason. 
Rock, Church of our Fathers, III. II. 215. 
4. Eccles., one who has the right to present a 
clergyman to an ecclesiastical living, or to other 
preferment; the person who has the gift and 
disposition of a benefice. See patronage, 3. 
In 1253, however, he (Innocent IV.) recognised In the 
fullest way the rights of patrons, and undertook to abstain 
from all usurped provisions. Stubbs, Const. Hist,, i 384. 
6. A master; a host or landlord. 
Half-a-dozen little boys carried It to the inn, where I 
had to explain to the patron, in my best Spanish, that we 
wanted a carriage to go to the baths. 
Lady Braaey, Voyage of Sunbeam, I. x. 
6t. The master or captain of a galley or other 
vessel ; the officer in command of a ship. 
A good new shippe whiche mad never Jorney a fore of 
viij C tnnne. The name of the Patrotte was callyd Thomas 
Dodo. Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travel), p. If.. 
The . . . great master sent one of his gal Masses, whose 
patron was called messtre Boniface. 
Halcluyt's Voyages, II. 76. 
7t. A cartridge-case, a small cylinder of lea- 
ther, wood, or metal : same as bandoleer, 3 ; by 
extension, a larger case for holding several 
cartridges. Cat. Spec. Ex. S. K., 1862, No. 4732. 
8f. A pattern ; a model ; an example. See 
pattern. 
Trewly she 
Was her cheef patron of beaute. 
Chaucer, Death of Blanche, 1. 910. 
Ther wasse dewly proved iij. qnarteris of brod clothe 
convayed In pecea, as hit aperelh by patrons of blacke 
paper in our Comen Kof er of record. 
Emjluh QUdt (E. E. T. S.), p. 321. 
Patrons of Husbandry, an association of American agri- 
culturists, commonly known as Granger*. See grange, 4. 
II. a. Chosen as patron ; supposed to act as 
patron; tutelary: as, & patron saint, 
patron (pa'tron or pat'ron), v. t. [< patron, n.~\ 
To treat, conduct, or manage as a patron ; pa- 
tronize. 
A good cause needs not to be patron'd by passion. 
Sir T. Krmrne, Rellgio Medici, I. 5. 
Skinner, ... an undistinguished person of Oxford, pa- 
troned by Dorset R. W. Dixan, II 1st. Church of Eng., xvli. 
patronage (pat'ron-aj or pa'trpn-aj), n. [< F. 
patronage = Pg. ]>airona</c = 'It. 'patronaai/io. 
patronage, < t/LL.patronaticum, homage or ser- 
vice due to a patron, < L. patronns, a patron: 
seonnfron.] 1. The position of or the aid af- 
forded by a patron ; the countenance or sup- 
port of a patron or of patrons : often used in 
the sense of countenance or favor shown in 
a patronizing or superciliously condescending 
way. 
If there was a little savor of patronage in the generous 
hospitality she exercised among her simple neighbors, it 
was never regarded aa more than a natural emphasis of 
her undoubted claims to precedence. 
Josiah Quincy, Figures of the Past, p. 61. 
patronizer 
When AiMlfon t'CKan bis rciirn . . . 1 
toll's, opposite Will'*. Butt'lII llMlt )>< ru ,1 - t\:itll ill Illr 
('oliritlTW of \\ :n \U' k's fiiMlily, Ulin llll'lrl ttl< ;..(', 
I'f Vll'lisun kfpt a ' '-(Il-f llMll^r nil fill :vill!|| ^i,l( I tt KllS- 
M-l street. Thackeray, English lluniMiiWs, p. lo. 
2. (iiiardianship, as of a saint. 
Aiming the Roman Cathollcks every vessel Is recom- 
mended to the patronage of some particular saint. 
Addiion. 
3. The right of presentation to a church or <- 
.l,.-i;i-.ii,.|i] I,,. n.. lie.-. Ecclesiastical patronage Is re- 
stricted to endowed and established churches. It was 
abolished In the Church <>t Scotland in 1874, but still pre- 
vails almost universally in the < hurcli <>( Knglund. 
Let me add, the enntlKulty ..f live i -ix Mammm. the 
patronage ot the livings about ft, and, what Is none <>f the 
least advantages, a good neighborhood. 
Kr<l V n, Diary (1623), p. 7. 
4. The control of appointments to positions in 
the public service ; also, the offices so control 1 ei I . 
He [the President of the United States] has . . . the ex- 
clusive control of the administration of the government, 
with the vast patronage and Influence appertaining to the 
distribution of Its honors and emoluments : a patronage 
so great as to make the election of the President the rally- 
Ing point of the two great parties that divide the country. 
John C. Calhoun, Works, I. 220. 
The senators of each State divided their patronage to 
suit themselves, fulfilling the pledges of the last election 
and bribing voters for the next. ff. A. Kev., CXUI. 577. 
Arms Of patronage, In ><rr. . arms added by governors of 
provinces, lords of the manor, patrons of benetlces, etc., 
to their family arms, as a token of superiority, right, or 
jurisdiction. 
patronage! (pat'ron-aj or pa'tron-nj), r. t. [< 
patronage, n.] To patronize or support ; main- 
tain ; make good. 
Win. And am not I a prelate of the church ? 
Ulnu. Yes, as an outlaw In a castle keeps 
And useth it to patronage bin theft 
Shalt., 1 Hen. VI., 1IL 1. 48. 
patronal (pa'tron-aj or pat'ron-al), a. [< LL. 
patronalis, pertaining to a patron, < L. pln>- 
niis, a patron: see patron.'] Acting the part of 
a patron; protecting; favoring. [Kare.] 
Their penates and patronal gods might be called forth 
by charms. Sir T. Brmrne, Vulg. Err. 
patronate (pa'tron-at or pat'ron-at), H. [= F. 
patronat = Sp. "ptttronato, patrona:go = Pg. 
patronado, patronato, patrnnao = It. patronatu 
= D. patronaat = G. Sw. Dan. patroual, < LL. 
patronatus, the quality or condition of a pa- 
tron, patronship, < L. patronus, a patron, n pro- 
tector: see patron."] The right or duty of ,1 
patron. Westminster Her. [Kare.] 
patroness (pa'tron-es or pat'ron-es), H. [< ME. 
patronex, patronyxe, < OF.;*a<rc*ie, F. patroa- 
ncsse, < ML. patroniasa, a female patron, fern, 
of L. patronus, patron : see patron.} A female 
patron. 
Mistress Wilkinson was "a godly matron and . . . sin- 
gular patroness to the good saints of God and learned bish- 
" 
, quoted in J. Bradford's Letters (Parker Soc., 1853), 
III. 30. 
She . . . was ever their sure refuge and support, their 
kind and merciful patroness and friend. 
Bp. Atterbvry, Sermons, I. vl. 
patronization (pa'tron- or pat*ron-i-za'shon), 
n. [(.patronise + -ation.] The act of patron- 
izing; patronage. Also spelled patronisation. 
[Kare.T 
patronize (pS'tron-iz or pat'ron-iz), r. t.; pret. 
and pp. patronized, ppr. patroniring. [< F. pa- 
troniser, be a patron; as patron + -ize.] 1. 
To act as patron toward ; give support or coun- 
tenance to; favor; assist: as, to patronize an 
undertaking; to patronize an opinion. 
The great Addlson began to patronize the notion. 
Sterne, Tristram Shandy, I. 21. 
Patronizing a ready-made clothing establishment, he 
had exchanged bisvelvet doublet and sable cloak, with the 
richly-worked band under his chin, for a white collar and 
cravat, coat, vest, and pantaloons. 
Uatrlhorne, Seven Gables, viii. 
2. To assume the air of a patron toward; no- 
tice in a superciliously condescending way. 
Spruce . . . had a weakness for the aristocracy, who, 
knowing his graceful Infirmity, patronized him with con- 
descending dexterity. Ditratli, Sybil, I. 2. 
And patronizes the learned author In a book-notice. 
The Century, XXVI. 285. 
3. To ascribe to a person as patron or the re- 
sponsible party. [Rare.] 
For all the king's royal bounty amongst them, mentioned 
In my former, they patronized upon the queen debts to the 
amount of above 10,000. 
Court and Times of Charles I., I. 138. 
Also spelled natronix* . 
patronizer (pa'tron- or pat'ron-i-zer), n. One 
who patronizes; one who supports, counte- 
nances, or favors; a patron. Also spelled pa- 
troniser. 
