Paulician 
4334 
ened placenta, and numerous seeds each wilhawhite deli- 
cate lace-like wing. The tree is a favorite in cultivation, 
bly founded by Constantine of Syria during the 
latter half of the seventh century, which held 
the dualistic doctrine that all matter was evil, regions, but is injured by more northern winters 
believed that Christ, having a purely ethereal paul-pbstt (pal'post), n. Same a,spawi-l>itl. 
body, suffered only in appearance, and rejected Paul's betony. See betony. 
the authority of the Old Testament and reli- Paul's mant. See man. 
gious ordinances and ceremonies. The sect is said paultert r. ' An obsolete form of palter 
to have become extinct in the thirteenth century. The h&n1tArlv4 n An obsolete form of nalterlu 
name is probably derived from their high regard for the Paulteriyt, An < otpaiterly. 
apostle Paul. paultingt, . A variant of pelting?. G. liar- 
it is at least undoubted that the Paulicians and Bogo- '*'^#' 
miles as well as the Catharists and the Albigenses are to paumt, l'. t. An obsolete form otpalm 1 . 
be traced back to Manichceism (and Marcionitism). paume 1 *, n. A Middle English form of palm 1 . 
Encyc.Brit.,XV.iS7. paume 2 (pom), n. [F.,Tprop.jeudepaume,palm- 
Pauline (pa'lin), a. [< L. Paulinus, Paullinus, play: see palml, n., 7.] A French game, the 
of or belonging to one named Paulus, < Paulus, 
Paullus, Paul.] Of or pertaining to the apostle 
Paul, his doctrines, or his writings : as, Pauline 
theology; the Pauline epistles. 
Paulinism (pa'lin-izm), . [< Pauline + -ism.] 
The doctrines or teaching of St. Paul; the 
Pauline theology. According to the Tubingen school 
same as palm-play. 
Paume at Vei 
j. f It was in the hall of the Jen de 
ersailles that the famous revolutionary meet- 
ing of the Tiers Etat was held in 1789. 
paunce 1 !, [ME. : see paunch, pauncher.~\ 1. 
An obsolete variant of paunch. 2. In armor: 
(a) Same as cuirass. (6) Body-armor of linked 
mail ; also, the brigandine, in the sense of any 
coat of fence for the lower part of the body. 
sharp conflict took place in the apostolic church between Also paunch. 
the followers of Paul and those of Peter. The former re- nannce-'* fnnTis'* Komn O a !/>/>/> ,, ,,*,, 
garded Christianity as a universal religion, the latter as a S, / (P an ^' " A bame as panee, pansy. 
phase or development of Judaism. The doctrines of these pauncn (panch or panch), n. [Early mod. E. 
panch, panche (dial, ornaut. still also panch); < 
ME. paunche, pawnche, panche.paunce, paunch, 
belly, = D.pense,pens = MLG. pause = MHG. 
panze, G.panzen,pansen,pantsch; < OF. panche, 
of theology, founded by Ferdinand C. Baur (1792-1860), a 
sharp conflict took place in the apostolic church between 
. s o 
supposed ppostolic schools are known respectively as Paul- 
intern and Petrinism. Paulinism is also used to 
i signify 
more specifically the teachings of the Pauline epistles, es- 
pecially with reference to divine sovereignty, election, etc. 
Paulinism cannot be identified with Qentile Christianity 
in the ordinary sense as it is known to us from the post- 
apostolic age. Andover Rev., VII. 218. 
Paulinist (pa'lin-ist), n. [< Pauline + -ist.~] 
One who favors or holds to the Pauline theol- 
ogy, especially with reference to the doctrine 
of election. 
Two antagonistic parties of Paulinists and Auti-Paulin- 
ists. Quarterly Rev., CXXVI. 482. 
Paulist (pa/list), n. [< L. Paulus, Paul, + -4st.~] 
One of a body of Roman Catholic monks who 
profess to follow the example of the apostle 
Paul, also called Paulites or Sennits of St. Paul. 
pance, paunch, belly, a great-bellied doublet, 
F. pause = Walloon panchie = Pr. pansa, panga 
= Sp. panza,pancho = It. panda, panza = Wal- 
lachian pentece, < L. pantex (pantic-), paunch, 
belly, bowels.] 1. The belly; the abdomen. 
He shal haue a penaunce in his paunche and puff e at ech 
a worde. Piers Plomnan(li), xiii. 87. 
The merit of his wit was founded upon the shaking of a 
fat paunch. Steele, Guardian, No. 42. 
2. Specifically, in zool., the rumen. See cut 
under ruminant. 3. Naut. Seepanch, 2. 4f. 
Same aspaunee 1 , 2. 
work. 
. 
Paullinia (pa-lin'i-ji), n. [NL. (Linnaeus, 1737), 
named after C. F. "PauUini (1643-1712), a Ger- 
man botanical writer.] A genus of shrubby 
twining plants of the order Sapindaceee, type of 
the tribe Paulliniese, characterized by irregular 
flowers and pyriform capsule. The 125 species are 
chiefly natives of eastern tropical America, with one in 
western Africa. They bear alternate compound leaves, 
often with winged petioles, and pallid flowers in axillary 
Batter his skull, or paunch him with a stake. 
Shak., Tempest, iii. 2. 98. 
But I, remorseless, panch'd him, cut his throat. 
Chapman, Widow's Tears, v. 3. 
2. To fill the paunch of; stuff with food. 
If you did but see him after I have once turned my 
back, how negligent he is in my profit, and in what sort 
he useth to glut and panch himselfe. 
Bemxnuto, Passengers' Dialogues. (Hares.) 
racemes, from which two tendrils are generally produced. rnuiirhpVT (nan'plipr nr nfin'oliAi^ rMTf 
The pear-shaped and rigid-stalked capsules are three-ail- P auncne rt (.pan ner or pan CH6r), n. [M^. 
gled or three-winged, hairy within, and divided into from pawncliere, pancher, panchcrde, pawncherde, < 
one to three cells, each containing one or rarely two arillate 
seeds, which, in P. sorbilis of Brazil, are the source of a 
beverage and medicinal paste. (See guarana.) The seeds 
of P. cupana, added to cassava-meal and water, form a 
drink of the Orinoco' Indians. P. polyphylla of Brazil is 
called, from its use, the fish-poison tree. P. curassavica of 
South America and several West Indian species are known 
as supple-jack ; their steins furnish walking-sticks. 
Paulliniese (pa-li-ni'e-e), n. pi. [NL. (Hum- 
boldt, Bonplaud, and'Kuuth, 1815), < Paullinia 
+ -eie.~\ A tribe of plants of the polypetalous 
OF. panchiere, panciere (f., also pander, m.) (= 
It. pandora; cf. D. pantser, pantsier = MLG. 
pantzer, panser, panser, panscher = MHG. pan- 
sier, panzer, G. panzer = Sw. pansar = Dan. 
pandser, < OF. or It.) (ML. pancerea), a piece 
of armor covering the belly, a cuirass, <panclie, 
/_ j t panda), belly, paunch: see paunch.'] 
sit. Prompt. Pare., p. 38; Caxton. 
(pan'- or pan'chi-nes), n. A 
1 --bellied condition. 
[NL. paulo-post-futurum (sc. tempus, tense) : L. 
paulo, paullo, a little (abl. of paulus, paullus, 
little) ; post, after ; futurus, future.] Noting a , The gay old bovs are S a . unch V old men in the disguise 
tense of Greek verbs, the future perfect of young ones. Sickens, Sketches, Characters, vii. 
Paulownia (pa-16'ni-a), n. [NL. (Siebold and Paune (pan), n. See pone*-. 
Zuccarini, 1835), named after Anna Paulowna, Paunedt, a. An^obsolete form otpaned. 
daughter of the czar 
Paul I.] A genus of or- 
namental trees of the 
order Scrophularinese 
and the tribe Chelonex, 
characterized by the 
absence of a sterile sta- 
men and by a deeply 
cleft scurfy calyx with 
five broad and fleshy 
obtuse valvate lobes. 
There is but one species, P. 
imperials, native of Japan, 
a large tree, resembling the 
catalpa in appearance, bear- 
ing broadly heart-shaped op- 
posite soft-hairy leaves, and 
large terminal panicles of 
showy pale-violet or blue 
and brown-spotted flowers 
in early spring. The many 
large and conspicuous point- 
ed capsules are persistent 
one or two winters, contain- 
ing loose in each of their two 
cells an almond-like thick- 
a 
Branch of Paulownia imft- 
nalis. with the inflorescence and 
young leaves, a, the fruit ; 6, the 
seed. 
paunsway, . Same as panchway. 
pauper (pa/per), n. and a. [< L. pauper, poor: 
see poor.] I. n. A very poor person ; a person 
entirely destitute of property or means of sup- 
port ; particularly, one who, on account of pov- 
erty, becomes chargeable to the public ; also, 
in law, a person who, on account of poverty, 
is admitted to sue or defend in forma pauperis. 
See in forma pauperis. 
II. a. Of or pertaining to paupers : as, pauper 
labor. 
pauperess (pa'per-es), . [< pauper + -ess.'] 
A female pauper. [Rare.] 
Everybody else in the room had fits, except the wards- 
woman, an elderly, able-bodied pauperess. 
Dickens, Uncommercial Traveller, iii. (Dames.) 
pauperisation, pauperise. See pauperization, 
pauperize. 
pauperism (pa'per-izm), n. [<pauper + -ism.~] 
1. A pauper condition ; the condition of those 
who are destitute of the means of support and 
are a charge upon the community ; dependence 
on the poor-rates or some similar fund for sup- 
pause 
port, or the poverty which makes such depen- 
dence necessary. 
This is the form of relief to which I most object. It en- 
genders pauperism. Whately, Pol. Econ. 
Blind sympathy turns poverty into pauperism by incon- 
siderate gifts. It weakens instead of strengthening those 
it tries to help. J. F. Clarke, Self-Culture, p. 148. 
2. Paupers collectively. 
In the autumn of the year 1(528 the western counties were 
annoyed by an influx of Irish pauperism. 
Jtibton-Turner, Vagrants and Vagrancy, p. 148. 
= Syn. 1. Indigence, Destitution, etc. (see poverty), mendi- 
cancy, beggary. 
pauperization (pa/'per-i-za'shpn), . [< pau- 
perize + -ation.~\ The act or process of mak- 
ing paupers of or reducing to pauperism. Also 
spelled pauperisation. 
The chasm which threatens to engulf our social system 
is still further widened by the destruction of small cap- 
italists in the battle of competition, and the growth of 
great monopolies, advancing pad passu with the pauper- 
ization of the laboring class. If. A. liev., CXLIII. 102. 
pauperize (pa'per-iz), r. t. ; pret. and pp. pau- 
perized, ppr. pauperizing. [< pauper + -ize.~] 
To reduce to pauperism; make a pauper of. 
Also spelled panperi.it'. 
All gifts have an inevitable tendency to pauperize the 
recipient. Dickens, Hard Times, xvii. 
pauperoust (pa'per-us), a. [< pauper + -os.] 
Poor. S. Ward, Sermons, p. 17;i. 
Pauropida (pa-rop'i-da), n. pi. [NL.] Same 
as Pauropoda. 
Pauropidse (pa-rop'i-de), .n. pi. [NL.] Same 
as Pauropodidse. 
Panropoda (pa-rop'o-da), n. pi. [NL. : see 
Pauropus.'] An order of Myriapoda, repre- 
sented by the family Pauropodidee, intermedi- 
ate to some extent between Chilognatha and 
Chilopoda, and in some respects unlike either 
of these. The genera are Pauropus and Eurypauropus, 
the former of cylindric form, the latter expanded and de- 
pressed. There are no trachea; ; the antenna; are branch- 
ed ; there are six or eight segments behind the head ; the 
young hatch with three pairs of legs, a number subse- 
quently increased. These myriapods are of minute size, 
about one twentieth of an inch long, and are found in 
damp places. Also Pauropida. 
Pauropodidae (pa-ro-pod'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Pauropus (-pod-) + -idff.~] A family of myria- 
pods, typified by the genus Pauropus, and rep- 
resenting an order Pauropoda. Also Pauropi- 
Pauropus (pa'ro-pus), n. [NL., < Gr. navpof, 
little, small (= L. paulus, little), + nol-f (rod-) 
= E./pot] The typical genus of the family Pau- 
ropodidse and the group Pauropoda, framed for 
the reception of Pauropus liuxleyi, a minute cen- 
tiped discovered in Kent, England, by Sir 
John Lubbock in 1866. It has also been re- 
ferred to the family Polyxenidse. Another spe- 
cies of Pauropus occurs in North America. 
pausal (pa'zal), a. [< pause + -al.'] Relating 
to a pause or to pauses. Smith's Diet, of the 
Bible. 
pausationt (pa-za' shon), n. [< ME. pausacion, 
< OF. *pausation = It. pausazione, < LL. pau- 
satio(n-), a halting, < L. pausare, halt, cease, 
< pausa, pause, cessation: see pause.'] Stop; 
stay; rest; pause. 
To faint and to freshe the pausacion. 
Ballade in Commendation of our Lady, 1. 61. 
pause (paz), n. [< ME. pause, pawse = D. poos 
= MLG. pose = MHG. puse, Gr. pause = S w. pans 
= Dan. pause, < OF. pause, pose, a pause, stop, 
moment, F. pause = Sp. Pg. It. pausa, < L. 
pausa, a pause, halt (used before and after, 
but not during, the classical period), < Gr. irav- 
aif, a halt, stop, cessation, < irareiv, cause to 
cease or stop, iraveaBat, cease. Cf. pause, .] 
1. A temporary stop or rest ; a cessation or in- 
termission of action or motion, as of speaking, 
singing, or playing. 
Give me some breath, some little pause, my lord, 
Before I positively speak herein. 
Shak., Rich. III., iv. 2. 24. 
In the pauses of the wind, 
Sometimes I heard you sing within. 
Tennyson, Miller's Daughter. 
The Highlander made a pause, saying, " This place is 
much changed since I was here twenty years ago." 
Shairp, Poetic Interpretation of Nature, p. 113. 
2. A cessation proceeding from doubt or un- 
certainty; hesitation; suspense. 
I stand in pause where I shall first begin. 
Shot., Hamlet, iii. 3. 42. 
3. A break or rest in writing or speaking. 
He writes with warmth, which usually neglects method. 
and those partitions and pauses which men educated in 
the schools observe. Locke. 
