pavement 
They found in Ano-Caprca, some years ago, a statue and 
a rich pavement under ground, as they had occasion to 
turn up the earth that lay upon them. 
Addison, Remarks on Italy (ed. liohn), I. 445. 
Here is a fine street pavement brought to light, here a 
fragment of a theater. E. A. Freeman, Venice, p. 87. 
2. The material of which sxich a flooring is made : 
as, the pavement is tile. 
At last he sold the pavements of his yard, 
Which covered were with blocks of tin. 
Thomas Stulcely (Child's Ballads, VII. 309). 
For ev'n in heaven his looks and thoughts 
Were always downward bent ; admiring more 
The riches of heaven's pavement, trodden gold, 
Thau aught divine or holy. Milton, P. L., i. 682. 
3. The flagged or paved footway on each side 
of a street; a sidewalk. 
All householders, or, if empty, the owners of house, to 
keep the pavement before said house in repair. 
Ashton, Social Life in Reign of Queen Anne, II. 157. 
4. In anat. and zoiil., a paved structure ; a for- 
mation like pavement. 5. In coal-mining, the 
seam of fire-clay which usually underlies a seam 
of coal. [Scotch.] Pavement epithelium. See 
"" Muin. 
pavement (pav'ment), v. t. [< pavement, n.~\ 
To pave ; floor with stone, bricks, tiles, or the 
like. 
How gorgeously arched, how richly pavemented. 
Bp. Hall, Select Thoughts, i. 7. 
(pav'ment-pip), . A tube or 
pipe leading from a gas- or water-main to the 
surface of the ground, to afford access to a 
valve or to protect a small pipe rising to the 
street-level. 
pavement-rammer (pav'ment-ram i 'er), n. A 
power-machine used to ram down the blocks in 
paving a roadway. 
paven*, n. See pavan. 
paven 2 (pa'vn), p. a. [Irreg. pp. of pave, v. 
Cf. proven.'] Paved. [Rare.] 
Up and down the paven sand 
I would tramp, while Day's great lamp 
Rose or set, on sea and laud. 
R. H. Stoddard, By the Margent of the Sea. 
paver (pa' ver), n. [Formerly n\so pavier, pavior, 
paviour; < ME. pacer, < OF. paveur, paver, < 
paver, pave : see pave.] 1. One who lays pave- 
ments, or whose occupation is to pave. 2. A 
slab or brick used for paving. 
Had it been paved either with diamond pavier made of 
free stone, ... or with other pavier . . . which we call 
Ashler, ... it would have made the whole Piazza much 
more glorious. Coryat, Crudities, I. 219. 
3. A rammer for driving paving-stones. 
pavesadet, pavisadet (pav-e-sad', -i-sad'), n. 
[< OF. pavesade, paroisade, F. pavesade = Sp. 
pavesadas = Pg.fOVegada,^ It.paresata, a port- 
able hurdle carried into the field for protection 
to an archer, < pavese, a shield, cover: see pav- 
ise."] 1. Any extended or continuous defense 
of a temporary nature, as a screen, parapet, or 
the like, used in warfare. 2. A canvas screen 
extended along the side of a vessel when going 
into action, to prevent the enemy from observ- 
ing operations on board. 
pavesadot, . Same as pavesade. 
paveset, pavesset, n. and v. See pavise. 
Pavetta (pa-vet'a), n. [NL. (Linnaeus, 1737); 
from a native name in Malabar, India.] A ge- 
nus of shrubs of the order Eubiaeese, the madder 
family, and the tribe Ixoreee, distinguished by 
the very slender long-exserted style and the 
two-seeded drupe. There are about 80 species, found 
in the tropics of the Old World and in South Africa. They 
bear opposite leaves with stipules often united into a 
loose sheath, and white or greenish flowers in branching 
three-forked corymbs. P. Borbnnica and several other 
species are cultivated under glass as ornamental ever- 
greens. The bitter roots of P. Indica are used as a purga- 
tive, and are made into knife-handles by the Hindus. 
paviaget, Same as pavage. 
pavian, n. See pavan. 
pavid (pav'id), a. [= Sp. ptividu = Pg. It. pu- 
vido, < L. pavidits, fearful, timorous, < pavere, 
be afraid.] Timid. [Rare.] 
As eagles go forth and bring home to their eaglets the 
lamb or the pavid kid, I say there are men who . . - vic- 
tual their nests by plunder. 
Thackeray, On a Medal of George IV. 
pavidity (pa-vid'i-ti), n. [< pavid + -ity."] 
Fearfulness; timidity. Coles, 1717. 
paviert (pa'vi-er), n. An obsolete variant of 
paver. 
pavilion (pa-vil'yon ), . [Formerly also imvil- 
lioii; < ME. pavilion, pavylloun, paveylon, pa- 
vilon = MLG. paulun, paulune, pawelune, LG. 
bawelin = G. pavilion = OF. pavilion, paveillon, F. 
pavilion, a tent, papillon, a butterfly, = Sp. ptt- 
bellon = Pg.panlliSo = H.paviglione, pitilii/tione, 
a tent or pavilion, = Vf.pabefl, < L.j)apirto(w-), 
433C 
a butterfly, a tent or pavilion : see Papilla."] 
1. A tent; a temporary movable habitation; 
particularly, a large tent raised on posts. 
Ami whan thei gon to Werre, thei leiden hire Houses 
with hem upon Charlottes, as men don Tentcs or Pamjl- 
louns. MandevUle, Travels, p. 248. 
The Switzers . . . tore in pieces the most sumptuous 
Pavilions . to make themselves coates and breeches. 
Coryat, Crudities, I. 42, sig. E. 
Pitch our pavilion here upon the sward. 
Tennyson, Princess, iii. 
Hence 2. A canopy; a covering. 
After the rain, when, with never a stain, 
The pavilion of heaven is bare. Shelley, The Cloud. 
3. In arch. : (a) A building of small or moder- 
ate size, isolated, but properly in a relation of 
more or less dependence on a larger or princi- 
pal building. The term is also used arbitrarily, usu- 
ally to designate a building, as a belvedere or other cov- 
ered shelter, or even a large and fully appointed build- 
ing in a park or at the seaside, appropriated to purposes 
of amusement (6) A part of a building of con- 
siderable size projecting from the main body, 
particularly in the middle or at an angle of a 
front. It is usually carried up higher than the other 
parts of the building, and is often distinguished also by 
more elaborate decorative treatment. 
4. In apiculture, the middle hive in a collateral 
system. 5. In her., a tent used as a bearing: 
rare and represented in various ways, as a wall- 
tent, bell-tent, etc., at the choice of the artist. 
6f. A coif or wig. 
Shal no seriaunte for that seruyse were a selk houe, 
Ne pelour in hus paueylon for pledyng at the barre. 
Piers Plowman (CX iv. 452. 
7. In anat., the outer ear ; the pinna or auricle 
of the ear. 8. In brilliant-cutting, the sloping 
surfaces between the girdle and culet, taken 
together; also, the whole lower or pyramidal 
part of the stone, taken from the girdle and in- 
cluding the culet or collet. See brilliant. 9. 
In music. See pavilion. 10. A flag or ensign ; 
specifically, the flag carried at the gaff of the 
mizzenmast or on the flagstaff at the stern of a 
ship to indicate her nationality. 11. A gold 
coin struck by Ed- 
ward the Black 
Prince for circula- 
tion in France : it 
weighed from 67 to 
83 grains. The pavil- 
ion d'or ('gold pavil- 
ion *) was a French gold 
coin struck by Philip VI. 
of Valois in the four- 
teenth century: it weigh- 
ed about 79 grains. Also 
called ryot or royal. 
Chinese pavilion, a 
pole having crosspieces, 
and on the top a conical 
pavilion or hat on which 
are hung numerous little 
bells, to be jingled by 
shaking the pole up and 
down : a showy contri- 
vance occasionally used 
in military bands. Pa- 
vilion facet, one of the 
four largest facets in the 
pavilion of a brilliant. 
They are pentagonal in 
form, and surround the 
culet, their points reach- 
ing to thegirdle. See cuts 
under brilliant. Pavll- 
lon roof, a roof slop- 
ing or hipped equally 
on all sides. Gwlt. Pa- 
vilion System, in the pri nce| British Museum. 
construction of hospi- original.) 
tals, a method of dispos- 
ing the plan tn such manner that the various wards and 
departments occupy separate blocks or pavilions, isolated 
from each other, and connected merely by open corridors. 
pavilion (pa-vil'yon), v. t. [< pavilion, .] 1. 
To furnish with pavilions or tents; fill with 
tents. 
Jacob in Mahanaim, where he saw 
The field pavHitm'd with his guardians bright. 
Milton, P. L., ri. 215. 
2. To shelter with or as with a tent. 
So with his battening flocks the careful swain 
Abides pavilioned on the grassy plain. 
Fenton, in Pope's Odyssey, iv. 
A wild rose-tree 
Pavilions him in bloom. Keats, Endymion, ii. 
pavilion (pa- ve-lyon'), n. [F.: see pavilion."] In 
musical instruments of the metal wind group, 
the bell or flaring mouth of the tube Flute i 
pavilion, an organ-stop the pipes of which are surmount- 
ed by a bell. 
pavimentt, n. An obsolete form of pavement. 
pavin (pav'in), n. See pavan. Beau, and Fl. 
paving (pa'ving), . [Verbal n. of pare, v."] 1. 
The laying of floors, streets, etc., with pave- 
ment. 2. Pavement. 
Pavise, i4th century. 
Reverse. 
of Edward the Black 
(Size of the 
Pavoncella 
The grass began to grow ... in the crevices of the 
basement paving. Dickens, Uombey and Son, xxiii. 
paving-beetle (pa'ving-be'tl), . A pavers' 
rammer. 
paving-machine (pa'ving-ma-shen*), . 1. A 
steam-rammer or machine-paver ; a pavement- 
rammer. The ram is usually suspended at the end of a 
pivoted arm that projects from the machine and can be 
moved at will to direct the blows. 
2. A machine consisting of a hollow roller, 
sometimes carrying a furnace suspended to 
the axle within the roller, used to soften and 
compress the surface of an asphalt pavement. 
Also called paving-roller. 
paving-stone (pa'ving-ston), . A stone pre- 
part-d for use in paving. 
paving-tile (pa' ving-til), . A flat brick or tile 
for use in laying floors, etc. ; a paver. These 
tiles are often covered with a hard glaze, and are some- 
times decorated with patterns in color. Such decorated 
tiles were abundantly used in medieval architecture, par- 
ticularly in France, and this use has recently been revived. 
See encaustic. 
pavior, paviour, n. Same as paver. 
pavisadet, See pavesade. 
paviset (pav'is), . [Early mod. E. also pa- 
rats, pin-ice, pari#se, parish, 
palveise, < ME. pavise, pavese, 
pavesse, parys, < OF. *paveis, 
pavois, pavesche = Sp. paves 
= Pg. pavez = It. pavese, pa- 
vesce, < ML. pavensis, a large 
shield ; origin uncertain. The 
form suggests a local origin, 
perhaps, like OF. Pavois, Pa- 
t'ious, < Pavia, a city in Italy.] 
1 . A shield of large size, four 
or five feet long and broad 
enough to cover the whole person, used espe- 
cially in sieges. In the quotation the word is 
used of a broad-brimmed hat. 
One he henttis a hode of scharlette fulle riche, 
A pavys pillione hatt, that pighte was fulle faire 
With perry of the oryent, and precyous stones. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3461. 
2. Same as pavesade. 
Owre men had bynne in great daunger [from Indian 
arrows] if they had not byn defended by the cages or 
pauisses of the shyppes and their targettes. 
11. Eden, tr. of Peter Martyr (First Books on America, ed. 
[Arber, p. 158). 
paviset (pav'is), v. t. [< pavise, .] To pro- 
vide with large shields. 
They had moche adoo, sauynge they were well pauessed, 
for they on the walles caste downe stoones, and hurt many. 
Berners, tr. of Froissart's Chrou., II. xc. 
pavisert (pav'is-er), n. [ME., also pavyser, < 
OF. paraisier, pavesier, pavoisier, pavoiseur, a 
soldier armed with a pavise, < pavois, a pavise : 
see pavise.'] 1 . A soldier who earned a pavise, 
or large shield. 
Theire prayes and theire presoneres passes one aftyre, 
With pylours. and pavusers, and pryse mene of armes. 
Morte Arthure (E. E. T. S.), 1. 3005. 
2. According to some authors, a man who car- 
ried the pavise for the protection of another, as 
a crossbowman or archer. 
Pavo (pa'vo), n. [L., a peacock: seepea^."] 1. 
In ornitli., the typical genus of Paroninse, hav- 
ing the upper tail-coverts in the male developed 
into a magnificent train capable of being erected 
and spread into a disk, the tarsi spurred, and the 
head crested; the peacocks. The common peacock 
is P. cristatus. P. muticus or spiciferus inhabits Java, and 
is very distinct from the former. A third sup- 
posed species, related to the Hrst, is P. nigri- 
pennis. See peafmd. 
2. A southern constellation, the Pea- 
cock, situated south of Sagittarius. 
pavon (pav'on), . [< OF. pavon, a 
peacock, < L. pavo(n-), a peacock: see 
Pavo.] A small pennon fastened to 
the shaft of a medieval lance. 
The Paeon was a peculiar shaped flag, some- 
what like a gryon attached to a spear. 
Preble, Hist. Flag, p. 19. 
Pavonaria (pav-o-na'ri-a), n, 
L. pavo(n-), a peacock, + -aria.] A 
notable genus of pennatulaceous alcy- 
onarian polyps, haying non-retractile 
polypites on one side of the slender p ava n. 
polypidom. 
pavonazetto (pa-vo-na-zet'to), . [< It. pavo- 
ini-^etto, dim. of pavonazzo, purple, < pavone, a 
peacock, < L. pavo(n-), a peacock: see Pan>.~\ 
Sec murlile, 1. 
Pavoncella (pav-on-sel'a), H. [NL. (Leach, 
ISKi), < It. i>itr<>iic< : ilfi,the"\npvfing.] A genus of 
fighting sandpipers of the family $eo1i>]>aei<iie, 
