peasantry 
4346 peba 
A bold peasantry, their country's pride, pease-pudding (pez'pud"iiig), . Pease-por- or by admixture of other substances, as coal- 
When once destroy'd, can never be supplied. ridsre cooked in a bag or mold and made very dust, tar, etc. These machines are, in general, grind- 
Goldsmith, Des. Vil., 1. 55. . .5 ersaud pressers, which pulp the material in order to ren- 
2t. Rusticity ; coarseness. pease-soup (pez'sop), n. Same as pea-soup. ^^^^ "* "^^ " ** "^ ' 
As a gentleman, you could never have descended to su li peaseweep (pez'wep), . [Imitative.] 1. Same peat . moor (pet'mor), n. Same us peat-moss. 
Bulled, Remains (Thyer's ed.), p. 332. (Latham.) &8 pewit (b). [Local, Eng.] In the United States such deposits are called 
.., ' Qoo .-nrl Pease weep, pease weep, swamps or bogs. See peat 1 and peat-moss. 
peascod,". oee peasecod. Harry my iiest and gar me greet. Old rime. 
il. pease, formerly peasen,pea- ' , ,. .; i , Peat is very largely dug in the moorlands of Somerset- 
O TV, r,rpPT! finnri. L,,mmnus clilons. 8hire| near E^ington and Shapwick, between Glastonbury 
and Highbridge. Some of these beds have been worked 
for fuel from the time of the Romans, and probably earlier, 
while others are of more recent formation. The peat moors 
or "turbary lands" have an irregular distribution; and 
the peat, which in places is 14 or 15 feet thick, is due large- 
"le growth of the common sedge (Carex), whence 
ioor derives its name. 
'.ward, Geol. of England and Wales (2d ed.), p. 526. 
Tom'. ""Do wi' "em ! why, pepperif every one's faces as we peat-mOSS (pet'mos), n. 1. Moss entering into 
pese, to which, regarded as a plural, i 
mod. E. form jjcal), < AS. pise, piose. 
taking peas from their pods, 
pea-shooter (pe'sh6"ter), n. 
Sum tyme it happenethe that men fynden summe as 
grete as a pese, and summe lasse ; and thei ben als harde as 
tho of Ynde. Mandeville, Travels, p. 158. 
comes near, 'cept the young gals, and breaks windows wi 
them too, some on 'em shoots so hard." 
T. Hughes, Tom Brown at Rugby, I. iv. 
Not unlike unto the unskilful! painter, who having 
drawn the twinnes of Hippocrates (who were as like as p eaglee ' s operation. See operation. 
one pease is to another) . ^ Euphue9 an(J hj9 England . p | asonti . * An obso l ete plural of^a, e l 
Lenticula is a poultz [pulse] called chittes, whiche . . . pea-SOUp (pe'sop), . A soup made chiefly of 
I translate peason. peas. 
Udall, tr. of Apophthegms of Erasmus, p. 101, margin, pea-spawn (pe'span), . See spawn. 
2. Peas collectively. For the distinction be- peastone (pe'ston), n. Same as pisolite, 
tweenpeas and pease, see pea^. peasy (pe'zi), . [<pease^ + -y 1 .'] Lead ore in 
Hit most be a cnect, a crouned wyght small grains about the size of peas. [North. 
That knowth that quaysy [sickness] from ben & pese. Eng.] 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 215. p ea tl (pet), n. [< ME. "pete (ML. AL. peta), 
Al kyndes of pulse, as beanes, peason, fytches, tares, and 
suche other, are rype twyse in the yeare [in Hispaniola]. 
peat. 
[ed. Arber, p. 73). 
3. A small size of coal: same as pea-coal. S. 
Wilson, Steam Boilers, p. 268. 
pease 2 t (pez), v. t. Same as peace. 
Send it her, that may her harte pease. 
Court of Love, 1. 397. 
For the mast/nfie of the saied quarrelles and debates. 
Hall, Henry VI., an. 4. 
peaseboltt (pez'bolt), . Pease- or pulse-straw. 
Davies. 
With straw-wisp and pease-bolt, with fern and the brake, 
For sparing of fuel, some brew and do bake. 
Tuner, October's Husbandry, st. 38. 
peasecod, peascod (pez'kod), n. [Formerly also 
pescod; < ME. pesecodde, pescodde; < pease^ + 
cod 1 .] The legume or pericarp of the pea; a 
pea-pod. Peasecods were much used in rural England 
as a means of divination in affairs of the heart. Mm pea- 
cod. 
Not yet old enough for a man, nor young enough for a 
boy ; as a squash is before 'tis a peascod, or a codling when 
'tis almost an apple. Shalt., T. N., i. 5. 167. 
Were women as little as they are good, 
A pescod would make them a gown and a hood. 
Cf. beat 3 , sod, < beeft, v., mend (a fire, 
Cf . purse, var. of burse.'] 1 . Partly de- 
various conditions of climate and topography, 
and of considerable importance in certain re- 
gions as fuel. Peat occurs in many countries and in 
different latitudes, but always either in swampy local- 
ities or in damp and foggy regions. It is formed of vege- 
table matter undergoing decay, and in some respects it is 
the modern representative of the coal of the earlier geo- 
logical epochs, and its formation illustrates the conditions 
the composition of or producing peat; moss 
of the genus Sphagnum. 2. A peat-bog or 
-swamp: a name frequently given in Great 
Britain to those accumulations of peaty matter 
which in the United States are commonly 
known as peat-bogs. 
Peat mosses cover many thousand square miles of Europe 
and North America. About one seventh of Ireland is cov- 
ered with bogs, that of Allen alone comprising 238,500 
acres, with an average depth of 26 feet. 
A. Geikie, Text Book of Geol. (2d ed.), p. 444. 
pea-tree (pe'tre), M. 1. Any plant of the legu- 
minous genus Caragana. The Chinese pea-tree is 
C. Chamlagu, a low or spreading shrub occasionally planted 
for ornament. The Siberian pea-tree is C. arborescens, a 
shrub or low tree. Its seeds are fed to fowls and are of 
some culinary use ; its leaves yield a blue dye. It is some- 
times planted for ornament. 
2. A shrub of the genus Sesbania. s. (Agati) 
nndiflora, sometimes specified as West Indian pea-tree, 
.n East Indian shrub naturalized in Florida and some 
of the West Indies, having white or red flowers 3 or 4 
inches long. Swamp pea-tree, the fuller name of plants 
of this genus, is applied somewhat particularly to S. oeci- 
._ r , dentale. 
under which coal has originated. Peat is abundant in P eat-reek (pet'rek), n. The smoke of peat. 
northern Europe, and particularly so in Ireland, where i p eat . reek flavor, a special flavor communicated to 
Is perhaps of greater importance as fuel than in any otbj wnisky which is distilled with peat used as fuel. This fla- 
country. It occurs in India, especially in the NeUgherry 
hills and in Bengal ; also in various parts of the United 
vor is frequently simulated by adding a little creosote to 
States, and there" are in the latter country regions (es- Sin /i*'m A snil mivArl witVi npar- 
pecially in New England) where it is occasionally used as peat-SOll (pet soil), n. A SOU 
fuel. The vegetation of which peat is made up in the va- ' 
rious countries where it occurs is quite different, and oc- 
species which have taken part in 
portant element in much of the European peat. Thepeat 
of Bengal, on the other hand, Is said to be formed almost 
the soil of a peat-moss or -bog that has been re- 
claimed for agricultural purposes. 
peat-spade (pet'spad), n. A spade having a 
wing set at right angles to its blade, for con- 
01 ucngtu, uu mo uuioi imnu, ID OMU va uo ,. i,nu ,,,,., venience in cutting blocks of peat from a bank, 
exclusively from one plant, the wild rice, Oryza sylmstris. rjeatV (pe'ti), a. [< peat 1 + -w 1 .] Resembling 
The peat of New England is made up of a considerable -,/. .fhniimlinf/in npat- composed of ueat 
variety of aquatic plants. Peat is very spongy, and con- P eat ' abounding m peat , C( 
tains a large amount of water near the surface ; the deeper An old peaty soil extends for miles along the estuary of 
down it is taken, the more compact it is. A great variety the Thames, though hidden beneath the surface, 
of processes for compressing and hot-drying it have been Huxley, Physiography, p. 234. 
.ke them a gown and a hood. invented and put in use in different parts of the world. 
Witif Recreations (WM). (Nares.) % A gmall Wock of peat -bog or -moss, resem- PeaUCellier Cell. _ See cell. 
The pea that may be extracted from a ripe peascod is a blm g an ordinary brick in shape, cut and dried peau d Orange (po do-ronzn ). [* ., lit. orange- 
living body, in which, however, the vital activities are, f -, skin': peau, skin; a 7 for de, of; orange, orange.] 
for the time, almost quiescent. ! pprnm a dpcnrnHnn consisting' in a slight 
"-- ' There other with there spades the peats are squaring out. MM., a oecori >uu*uug 
Drayton, Polyolbion, xxv. 143. 
Carbonized peat. Same as peat-charcoal. Meadow- 
land peat, peat composed of decayed coarse grass mingled 
with soft subsoil. 
peat 2 t, n. and a. An obsolete variant of pet 1 . 
peat-bed (pet'bed), n. Same as peat-bog and 
peat-moss, 2. 
The Torbay Submerged Forest comprises peat-beds that 
have yielded Roman remains, and these beds rest on clay or 
estuarine mud which contains relics of the Bronze period. * .,._.-..,, 
Woodward, GeoL of England and Wales (2d ed.), p. 625. pea-weevil (pe we"vl), n 
Huxley, Physiography, p. 220. 
peasecod-belliedt (pez'kod-bePid), a. Having 
the lower part project- \] 
ing and stiffly quilted 
and bombasted: said 
of the doublet fashion- 
able at the close of the 
sixteenth century. The 
lower point sometimes pro- 
jected so far as to cover the 
sword-belt in front. Com- 
pare belly-doublet and pease- 
cod-cuirass. 
peasecod-cuirasst 
(pez'kod-kwe-ras"), n. 
A cuirass having a 
form similar to that of 
the peasecod-bellied 
doublet, introduced 
about the time of 
Henry III. of France. 
Breastplates of this fashion 
S^SSe 1 ^? $Te "easecoa.-'elHea . 
active prosecution of the religious wars, when these fantas- 
tic forms gave way to others, plainer and more practical. 
peasecod-doublet (pez'kod-dub"let), n. A 
roughening of the surface with bosses resem- 
bling those of the skin of an orange. 
pea-vine (pe'vln), . 1. Any climbing pea- 
plant, generally the common pea. 2. Specifi- 
cally (o) A plant of the genus Amplricarpiea. 
See hog-peanut. [U. S.] (6) Vicia Americana, a 
common species throughout the United States, 
with from four to eight pairs of leaflets, and 
" i flowers a few in a cluster. 
A kind of curculio, 
peat-bog (pet'bog), n. The common name in 
the United States for those accumulations of 
peat which are known by this name in Great 
Britain, but also, and more generally (except 
in Ireland), as peat-mosses and peat-moors. 
peat-charcoal (pet'char"k61), n. Charcoalmade 
by carbonizing peat. This is done in various ways, 
as in piles, open kilns, pits, and ovens. Peat-charcoal has 
been much experimented with, and used in metallurgical 
operations to some extent for fully three hundred years. 
The carbonization of ordinary air-dried peat produces a 
very friable charcoal, and the denser the peat is made, by 
compression or in other ways, the better the article pro- 
duced. 
In France peat-charcoal, under the name of Charbon roux, 
is much used for making gunpowder. Ure, Diet., III. 527. 
peasecod-bellied doublet. See peasecod-bellied. ' ''-'-;-"'*< .!-.-' ..., -,. 
lease-crowfDez'kro^.B. The cor, tprT1 , peat-coal (pet'kol), . A soft lignite, of earthy 
sea-swallow. [Local, British.] 
character. 
They are now lost, or converted to other uses, even lit- 
erally to plough-shares and peas-hooks. - , ~ * 
Defoe, Tour through Great Britain, II. 203. peat-gas (pet gas), n. 
pease-meal (pez'mel), . A flour made from lat ion of peat, 
pease. In founding it is sometimes used for facing molds Peat-nagg (pet nag),_M. 
for brasswork, and also in place of strong sand to give 
tenacity to weak sand. 
ie bog. 
Gas made by the distil- 
Bruehus pisi, which infests peas. It is an indige- 
nous North Ameri- 
can insect, which 
probably fed on 
some other legume 
before the cultivat- 
ed pea was intro- 
duced; it has spread 
to Europe, and is 
now found in Great 
Britain and along 
the Mediterranean. 
The egg is laid on 
the outside of the 
pod, and the newly 
hatched larva bur- 
rows into the near- 
est pea, in which it 
feeds and grows to 
full size. Before 
transforming to the 
pupa it provides for 
its exit by cutting a 
round hole through 
all but the outer 
membrane of the 
pea. The beetle does 
not issue until the 
following spring. 
Pea-weevil (Bruchus pisi). 
, beetle, side view; b, larva ; t, pupa. 
(Small figures indicate natural sizes.) 
See Bruchus. Also called pea-beetle, 
pease-porridge (pez'por'ij), 
made of pease-meal. 
. A porridge 
been dug. [Scotch.] 
peat-machine (pet'ma-shen"), 
similar in principle to the brick-machine, for 
preparing peat for fuel, either without addition 
peazet, An obsolete form of pause. Spenser. 
A machine, peba(pe'ba),ra. [S.Amer.] A kind of armadillo, 
Danypiis peba ; also, the seven- or nine-banded 
armadillo, Tatusia septemtincta or novemcincta. 
