pectinalis 
pectinalis (pek-ti-ml'lis), .: i>l. //<.""'- 
(-16*). [XI.,. (M. mwfu/H*): see /r/i/m/.J SallH- 
. .. 
aS tllflillll'IHt. 
pectinate (pek'li-nat),. [< L.jjetta<x, c-omb- 
like prop. pp. ol' pectinnrr ..... nib, card, < /<- 
(nt/aeombi *<,/,->,.] Having teeth like a 
comb: formed iis or into a, pectination; comb- 
like in figure; pectinated: its, tin- iirrtimiti 
muscles of Hi.' heart; iicctinate scales of a 
lish; iii'/'liiiiit' armature of the preoperciilnm. 
.sncdtically (a) Having n pectcn, pectination, i.r comb- 
likr |.:ni "i oi W ui; pectinated: as, the pectinate claw of 
i liinl ('') In tat., having resemblance to the teeth of a 
uomh, or iirnmk'ed like them: speclllcallv applied to a 
pimuilitl.l "i:ui, particularly a ^'""L"? 
segments, like' the teeth of n comb. Doubly pecunate 
(or dunUy bipeetiaate), In entoin., having tw.> long pro 
ceases or teetb originating from each aide of all or 
most of the joints, as hl|>ectinatc antenna. Pectinate 
antennse in entvtn., antenna; having the joints nearly 
uiiinl Sort, :.ii'l ei.cli joint produced in a linear branch 
on tin inner side, to that the whole has somewhat the 
appearance of a comb. The name is frequently given to 
antenna! having such branches on both sides, properly 
Wpecf /<,.. -Pectinate claws ... ymgues. claws hav- 
ing a number of long processes on the Inner or concave 
.Me.- Pectinate ligament of the Iris, festoon- Hi 
processes of elastlcllssue, passing between the ciliary 
border of the iris and the posterior part of the cornea at 
Its junction with the sclerotic. -Pectinate muscle* the 
mUBculi pectinati of the heart. See ptcKnatu*. Pec- 
tinate zone, the upper surface of the basllar membrane, 
external to ttie organ of Corti. Also called pectinate lami- 
na, pectinate portion, habenula pectinata. 
pectinated (pek'ti-na-ted), . [< pectinate H 
-lX] 1. Pectinate. 2. Interdigitated ; inter- 
laced like the teeth of two combs. [Bare.] 
To sit eross-leg'd or with our fingers pectinated or shut 
together is accounted bad. 
Sir T. Browne, Vulg. Err., v. a. 
Pectinated mineral, a mineral which presents short flla- 
ments, crystals, or branches, nearly parallel and cquidis- 
pectinately (pek'ti-nat-li), ode. In a pectinate 
manner; so as to be comb-like. 
pectinati, . Plural otpectinatm. 
pectination (pek-ti-na'shon), n. [< pectinate -r 
-ion.] 1. The state or condition of being pec- 
tinate. 2. That which is pectinate; a comb- 
like structure ; a pecten. See cut under pecten. 
The Inner edge of the middle claw is expanded or dilat- 
ed In a great many birds; in some It becomes a perfect 
comb, having a regular series of teeth. nitpeetinatiou, 
as it Is called, only occurs on the Inner edge of the middle 
claw It is beautifully shown by all the true herons, by 
the whip-poor-wills and night-hawks, by the frigate pel - 
can, etc' Covet, Key to N. A. Birds, p. 132. 
3. The state of being shut together like the 
teeth of two combs. 
For the complication or pectination of the flngures was 
an hieroglyphfck of impediment ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 
4340 
in bird* may represent, holly or In part, the pubis proper, 
or prepubis. 
pectinella (pck-ti-nel'ii), .; pi. i-ctin,lla 
[NL., dim. of L. /'"' (/'"'"<-), comb: see 
1,,-,-trn.] In .///;////, an arrangement of 
teeth mid spinous processes forming mi appen- 
dage of the stipes of the protonmln. S. . 
l<>,,il<i, sti/trx, and .'lit at <i,il<il>runi. PMMnL 
pectines, . Plural of jiectm. 
pectineus, . s.-e )H -rtiH-i<K. 
pectinibranch (pek'ti-ni-tirangk), n. and it. [< 
L. 1,,'di;, (pi-i-tin-), a comb, + brniicliiu; gills.] 
I a. Having pectinate brancliiae, or comb-like 
gills; of or pertaining to the I'n-liinhrnnclti'i. 
II M. A pectinibraneh gastropod. 
Pectinibranchia (pek'ti-ni-braiig'ki-ii), . pt 
[Nl>.: MefMtfaftttPMi.] Same as FlNtMonM- 
cliinta. 
pectinibranchian (pek'ti-ni-brang'ki-an), a. 
and n. Same as pectinibranch. 
Pectinibranchiata(pek'ti-ni-brang-ki-a'i 
;)( rSL.,neut.p\.otpectinibranchuitus: see \ <- 
tinibranchiate.] 1. In Cuviert classification, 
the sixth order of gastropods, divided into three 
families, Trochoidex, Captilovles, and MMMM- 
den 2 An oriler of prosobranchiate gastro- 
pods, having comb-like gills formed of one 
(rarely two) longitudinal series of laminae on 
the left side of the mantle over the back of the 
neck. The animal Is unisexual, and the shell generally 
spiral. The order Includes a majority of the aquatic uni- 
valves. Ctenubranchiata is a synonym. 
Also I'ectinibranchia, 1'ectinobrancliiata. 
pectinibranchiate (pek'ti-ni-brang'ki-at), a. 
and n. [< NL. pectinibranchiattui, < L. pecten 
(pectin-), a comb, + branchix, gills.] Same as 
pectinibranch. 
pectinicorn (pek'ti-ni-k6rn), a. and . [< I* 
pecten (pectin-), a comb, + cornu, horn.] I. . 
Having pectinate antennre; of or pertaining 
to the Pectinicornia. 
II . A pectinicorn beetle. 
T.i *. - i^a_^SB*: 
_ . ... _W rXTT 
Pectinicornia (pek'ti-ni-kdrtH-a), *.pl. [ 
n.] A division of lamelli 
pectinatonmbricate(pek-ti-na-t6-fim'bri-kat), 
a [< pectinate + fimbricate.'] In en tow., hav- 
ing the joints and pectinations fringed with fine 
hairs: said of pectinate antenna. 
Pectinator (peVti-na-tor), n. [NL. (E. Blytli, 
1855) < LL. pectinator, a comber, < L. pertt- 
nare, comb: see pectinate.] 1. A notable out- 
lying genus of Ethiopian octodont rodents, com- 
posing with Ctenodactylus the subfamily Cteiio- 
ftoctuliiue, having premolars present but very 
small, ears with a small antitragus, and a bushy 
tail half as long as the body. /'. spekei inhab- 
its Somaliland in eastern Africa. 2. [I. c.} 
An animal of this genus: as, Spate's pectintitor. 
pectinatUS (pek-ti-na'tus), n. ; pi. pecttnnti (-ti). 
[NL. (sc. munculitg) : see jwcfiimfe.J One of the 
museuli pectinati, or small prominent muscular 
columns on the walls of the auricular appen- 
dages of the heart. 
pectine, . See iirctiu. 
Pectinea (pek-ti-ne'a), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. 
of ix'ctiiiniH, iiettiiiifHx.'] In couch., same as 1 ec- 
Ii,ii,l.;: M> /.'. 1830- 
pectineal(pek-ti-ne'al)>- [<L.irfr'ii (/./.-), 
a eomb,+ -<'-'.] I" <in"t. () Pectinal or pec- 
tinate. (b) Having a comb-like crest or ridge: 
in this sense without implication of tooth-like 
processes, (c) Pertaining or attached to a pee- 
tinenl part, us a muscle. See peel inn n*. Also 
spelled iM'cliiiirnl.- Pectlneal fascia, the fascia cov- 
ering the pirliiiHsus and adductor longus. Pectlneal 
line lidjte or crest, a linear prominence of the haunch- 
bone' oral 'inuominaiuin, chiefly along the Iliac bone, 
then. ..... Hen extending on to the pubis. It varies greatly 
In shape and degree of development in different in.ini 
mals but represents one of the edges of a primitively 
prismatic Iliac bone, separating the iliac or ventral sur- 
face of the ilium from the sacral or articular surface. In 
ace o e um ro . 
nun it is a fulrly prominent, long, curved line represen 
iim the edge of the greater part of the brim or in 
the true pelvis, and gives attachment to the pectlnirai 
muscle- it i more fully culled OfajMaKMi lint, or ttwM 
aiopn-iiii.'i-n. sc.- .-ut under ;/'/ Pectineal process 
In &iiif"/"<<f :ipre-acetabularpii-essot the ilium, which 
'see pectinicorn'.] A division of lamelhcorn 
beetles, corresponding to the family Lucanulte. 
Pectinid* (pek-tin'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < Pecten 
(Pectin-) + -ids.] A family of monomvanan 
siphonlessbi valves, typified by the genus Pecten 
By the old con- 
chologlsta all the 
genera of the su- 
perfamily Pectina- 
eea were Included 
in It. Byrecejitcon- 
chologlsts It has 
been subdivided, 
and Is now general- 
ly restricted to Pec- 
ten and Its near rel- 
atlves. These have Ptclfn ,,<,. tr, branchUr ; m. mantle. 
gins freef l doublel r the inner pendent, nlaroentiferons, and 
with a row of ocelli at the bases of the filaments; the foot 
small, linguiform, and with a byssal groove; and sulwrbicu- 
lar valves having submedian beaksand aurlculated in front 
and behind, with a more or less Inclosed ligament, and 
with a subcircular muscular impression. The species arc 
popularly known as KaUopt, and are numerous and repre- 
sented in almost all seas. They belong mostly to the 
genera Prctfn. Clilamyt or Pieudamvnum, 
//in nifM, and Prdmn. Also called Pectenula 
Pectinaccx, Pectinea, Pectinea, Pectimdet, and 
pectiniform (pek'ti-ni-form), a. [< L. pecten 
( pectin-), a comb, + forma, form.] 1. Comb- 
like; pectinate; having pectinations or pro- 
cesses like the teeth of a comb. 2. In conch., 
having the form or appearance of a scallop, or 
bivalve of the family Peclinidee Pectiniform 
septum, the median septum betweei. the corpora caver- 
nosa of the penis or clitoris. 
pectiniliac (pek-ti-nil'i-ak), n. [< pecten (pec- 
tin-) + iliac.] Same as ilionectinxil. 
pectinite (pek'ti-nit), n. [< L. pcctrn (pectin-), 
a comb, + -ite 2 .] A fossil pecten, or some simi- 
lar shell. 
Pectinobranchiata (pek'ti-no-brang-ki-a ta), 
-n i,l [NL.] Same as Ptctiiiibranchiatti. 
PectiS (pek'tis), n. [NL. (Linnaeus, 1767), < L. 
l>n-tis, a plant also called consolida and sym- 
nhuton ] A genus of composite plants of the 
tribe Heleniindeir and the subtribe Taaetinex, 
characterized by the elongated style with very 
short obtuse branches. There are sbont 42 pecles. 
all American, found from Mexico to Brazil and Bolivia. 
They are annual or perennial herbs, diffuse or M 
and dotted with oil glands, especially over the involucre 
They bear narrow opposite leaves with a bristly base, and 
small heads of yellow flowers. P. pvnctato Is the est In 
dian marigold, a slender smooth species growing on 
sands and having linear dotted leaves. Several others are 
occasionally planted for their flowers, 
nectize (pek'ti/.X r. i.; pret. and pp. ffgluta, 
ppr ;-cfi.-iw</. [< Ur. -i/itTof, fixed, congealed 
(see /rf/r). + -'-' 1 To eongeal ; change into 
a gelatinous mass. //. >'; ' r- 
pectoralis 
pecto-antebrachialis (pek-t _ - T _. 
Us i n. [XL., prop. peeiori-anttbracMalit, \ L. 
/, -I its ( 1,1'i-lnr-j. hreast.+ N !.."<<'' l>fii-lii //,,! he 
forearm: see anli lirui-lninu.] A muscle which 
in some animals extends from the bCMMt-bOM 
to the elbow, or more exactly from the median 
rapheat the pivsternnni and third iiiesoMorne- 
lier to the back of the proximal end of the ulna. 
pectOCaulUB (pek-to-ka'lmt), n. ; pi. pMMMM 
(-H). [NI,.(Lankestcr),iniprop. for";* '('""""- 
IllM, < L. ),<<!> n (y..r(i-), comb, + i-inilis. stem. 
stalk: see caulis.] The mature internal MN 
or stalk common to the several polypidea of a 
poly/.oary. See yyinnocaulun. Encyc. /int., XIX.. 
4.16 
pectolite (pek'to-llt), . [For 'pectmolite, < 1 .. 
pecten (pectin-)', a comb, + Or. Mfcf, a stone. J 
A hydrous silicate of calcium and sodium oc- 
curring in radiated or stellate fibrous masses 
of a white or gravish color. It Is commonly found 
with the seolitea In trap-rocks, as at Bergcn Hill in N. 
Jersey. It Is closely related In crystalline form and In 
composition to the calcium silicate wollastonlte. 
pectora. . Plural otpecttu. 
pectoral (pek'to-ral), a. and w. [I. . 1 !> 
iiectoral = Pg.'peitoral = H.pettoruti, < L. / 
toralis, pertaining to the breast, < ,<'.< (ir- 
tor-), the breast, the breast-bone. II. . v Lb. 
nectorule, a breastplate, neut. of pectorali*, a. 
Hence ult. poitrel.] I. a. I. Of, pertaining to, 
or connected with the breast or chest ; thoracic 
as, a, pectoral muscle, vessel, nerve, etc.; ajx-r- 
toronimb. 2. laentum., pertaining to the pec- 
tus or lower surface of the thoraxInternal pec- 
toral muscle, the trlangularls sternl. Pectoral aorta, 
the thoracic aorta. -Pectoral arch. Hame as ptetaral 
girdle.- Pectoral cross. See erasi.- Pectoral c 
MOU nerveB, the cutaneous branches of the thoracic 
~tal.- Pectoral fln, In ichth. the thoracic limb 
of a flsh corresponding to the fore limb of a higher verte- 
brate used without reference to pectoral situation or st- 
Uchment. It Is lateral and behind the head, and In many 
cases the hind limb or ventral fln Is In advance of it. Ab- 
breviated v. Sec cuts under Jin tatifah. Pectoral 
fremltus vocal fremitus of the chest- Pectoral girdle. 
See i/tri/fcl , and cuts under omi*trrnum and Ichthiiowuna. 
Pectoral glands, lymphatic glands along the lower 
border of %e fSSSoOi major.- Pectoral int|rc08ta 
nerves the six upper thoracic Intercostals.- Pectoral 
lamlnte the coxw, or basal joints of the legs, particularly 
of the. interior p.lr.-Pectoral, Umb^ the ltar - 
posterior pair. rectoriu "">", "- ,".,-. 
upper limb of a vertebrate animal. Pectoral muscles, 
the pectorales. See pectaralit.- Pectoral nerves, tho- 
racic nerves. Pectoral ridge, the anterior or external 
bldpltal ridge of the humeros. 
It. . 1 . Armor for the breast, excluding the 
throat and the lower part of the body, (a) A 
small breastplate worn with other garments, whether con- 
cealed or visible, (ft) The plastron In the double breast- 
plate of the fifteenth century. [Rare. 1 
2. An ornament to be worn on the breast; es- 
pecially, an ornament of an unfamiliar sort, or 
of a sort to which no special name is given : as, 
an enameled pectoral. 3. Eccles.: (a) In the 
anc. Jetrish ritual, a sacerdotal breastplate of 
richly colored and embroidered cloth, worn by 
the high priest. 
They all spake andwritastheywereroovedandlnspired, 
whether illustrating the component letters engraven 
on the pectoral, so as to make up the response, or by a te 
phi m . Krelyn, True Religion. I. 864. 
(b) In the Horn. Cath. Ch., a square plate of 
gold, silver, or embroidery, either jeweled or 
enameled, formerly worn on the breast over the 
chasuble by bishops during the celebration of 
the mass. 
The pryce of all whiche crownes, pectaralet, and cappe Is 
inestymable, for they be full set with precyous stones of 
the gretest valoure that may lie. 
Sir R. Ovylforde, Pylgrymage, p. 7. 
(c) A pectoral cross. 4. A food, a drink, or a 
drug supposed to be good for persons having 
weak lungs. 
Being troubled with a cough, pectoral* were prescribed ; 
and he was thereby relieved. Wixtnan, Surgery. 
5. A pectoral part or organ, (o) One of the pecto- 
ral muscles ; a pectoralis. (6) The pectoral fln of a flsh. 
Sec I 
pectoralis (pek-to-ra'lis), *.; pi. ftctoralc* 
(-fez). [NL., < L. pectorali*, belonging to the 
breast: see pectoral.] 1. One of the pectoral 
muscles, or muscles of the breast, passing from 
the thorax to the scapular arch or its appen- 
dage. In mammals there are commonly two of those 
muscles In lower vertebrates commonly at least three; 
when two, they are the pectorala ,Mior and the < 
minor (See phrases below.) In birds an intermediate 
muscle, pedoralit mtdita, passea from the sternum to the 
n ichth., a pectoral fin. (iunther. 185- 
Pectoralis major (great pectoral muscle) a large, thick 
triangular muscle, immediately beneath the skin of tl 
breast, extending outwardly to the shoulder, and insertt 
Into the UPIKT end of the humeros. It arises chiefly from 
the clavlcteVsternnm, and costal cartilage. AlwcaUed 
ertopectorali*. See thin! cut under wnade. Pectoralis 
