pelma 
the planta; the entire under surface of the 
foot. 
pelmatogram (pel-mat'o-gram), H. [< Gr. irtt- 
im(r-), the sole of the foot, + ipa/tfia, a writing.] 
A print of the foot. 
Pelmatozoa (pel"ma-to-z6'a), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
Ttckfia, the sole of th'e foot,'+ fipox, an animal.] 
In Leuckart's classification (1848), the first class 
of Echinodermata, distinguished from Actinozua 
(sea-urchins and starfishes), and from Scyto- 
dermata (holothnrians and spoonworms), and 
divided into the two orders Cystidea and Cri- 
noidetl. The term is now used for all the crinoids or 
stalked echinoderms, divided into Crinaidea, Cystoidea, 
and Blastoidea. Same as Criiiaidea in an enlarged sense. 
pelmatozoan (pel"ma-to-z6'an), a. and n. [< 
Pelmatosoa + -an."] 1. a. Stalked, as an echi- 
noderm; pertaining to the Pelmatozoa, or hav- 
ing their characters. 
II. n. A member of the Pelmatozoa. 
Pelobates (pe-lob'a-tez), n. [NL. (J. Wagler, 
1830), < Gr. TttiAof, mud, mire, + ftarif, one who 
treads, < jiaiveiv, walk.] A genus of tailless am- 
phibians, typical of the family Pelobatidse. P. 
fusctts of Europe is an example. 
Pelobatida (pel-5-bat'i-de), . pi. [NL., < Pe- 
lobates + -idee.] A family of arciferous salient 
amphibians, typified by the genus Pelobates, 
with maxillary teeth, dilated sacral diapophy- 
ses, the coccyx connate with the sacrum, and 
the vertebra procrelian. 
Pelodryadidae (pel'o-dri-ad'i-de), n. pi. [NL., 
< Pelodryas (-dryad-) + -idee.'] In Gunther's 
classification, a family of anurous batrachians, 
typified by the genus Pelodryas, with platydac- 
tyl digits, maxillary teeth, ears developed, no 
parotoids, toes webbed, and sacral apophyses 
dilated. Its species are now usually referred to 
the Hylidse. Also I'elodryidee. 
Pelodryas (pe-lod'ri-as), n. [NL., < Gr. m?Aof, 
mud, mire, + Apv&f, a dryad : see dryad. ] A ge- 
nus of batrachians of the family Hylidee, or giv- 
ing name to the family Pelodryadidee. P. eee- 
ruleus is the great green tree-frog of Australia 
and New Guinea. 
Pelodytes (pe-lod'i-tez), . [NL. (Fitzinger), 
< Gr. in/Atif, mud, mire, + Sivt/f, a diver : see D-y- 
tes.~\ 1. A genus of tailless amphibians, typi- 
cal of the family Pelodytidx. 2. A genus of 
worms. Schneider, 1859. 
Pelodytidae (pel-o-dit'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Pelodytes + -idee.} A family of arciferous sa- 
lient amphibians, typified by the genus Pelody- 
tes. It is characterized by maxillary teeth, dilated sacral 
diapophyses, the coccyx articulating with condyles of one 
or two sacral vertebrae, proccelian vertebrae, and the uro- 
style distinct. It includes, besides Pelodytes, several paleo- 
tropical and Australian genera. 
PelogoniUffi (pe-log-o-ni'ne), n. pi. [NL. , < Pe- 
logonus + -.] A subfamily of Galgulidee, 
typified by the genus Pelogomis. Also Pelo- 
gonida. 
Pelogonus (pe-log'o-nus). n. [NL. (Latreille), 
< Gr. TrjyAof, mud, mire, + y6vf, offspring: see 
-gonous.~\ A genus of heteropterous insects of 
the family Galgulidee, typical of the subfamily 
Pelogoninse. They have the fore legs slender and am- 
bulatorial, the sharp rostrum extremely stout at the base, 
and the general surface smooth. P. americanus inhabits 
the United States from New England to Texas, and is also 
found in Cuba. It lives in herbage by the waterside, and 
is only about one fourth of an inch long. 
Pelomedusa (pe'lo-me-du'sa), . [NL., < Gr. 
TrriUf, mud, mire, + Mi-iovaa, one of the three 
Gorgons: see Medusa, 1.] A genus of African 
fresh-water tortoises, containing such as P. 
mahafie, typical of the family Pelomedusidse. 
Pelomedusidae (pe"lo-me-du'si-de), n.pl. [NL., 
< Pelomedusa + -idee.'] ' A family of pleurodi- 
rous tortoises, typified by the genus Pelomedusa. 
(a) In Gray's system it Is characterized by the depressed 
head covered with hard bony plates, a distinct moderate- 
ly developed zygomatic arch, and the temporal muscles 
covered with hard dermal shields. A number of species 
inhabit Africa and Madagascar. (f>) In Cope's system it 
is restricted to forms with not more than two digital pha- 
langes and four pairs of bones across the plastron. 
Pelomys (pel'o-mis), n. [NL. (Wilhelm Peters, 
1852), < Gr. m^of, mud, mire, + fa>f, a mouse.] 
A genus of African rodents of the family Mu- 
ridee and subfamily Murinse, having compara- 
tively broad molars, grooved incisors, compress- 
ed palate, short scaly tail, bristly fur, and the 
middle three digits of each foot longer than the 
lateral ones. A species inhabits Mozambique. 
Pelopaeus (pel-o-pe'us), n. [NL. (Latreille, 
1804), < Gr. Itf^V (HeAoTr-), Pelops, i. e. 'dark- 
face': see Peloponnesian.'] A genus of digger- 
wasps of the family Sphegidse, of slender form, 
with long petiolated abdomen and dark colors. 
Nest of Pelopseits lunafus. 
4364 
P. limatus is 
a common 
North Ameri- 
can species 
known as 
muil -dauber. 
See also cut 
under mud- 
da uber. 
Pelopid (pel'- 
6-pid), a. and 
. [< L. 1'e- 
lopidse, < Gr. 
Hf/toTr/dm, the 
descendants 
of Pelops, < II/ AOI/J (Ilf AOTT-), Pelops : see .Peto- 
ponncsian."] I. o. In Gr. myth., of or pertain- 
ing to Pelops, who is said to have been the son 
of Tantalus, or his descendants, the Pelopidse, 
notorious for their crimes. 
II. n. A. descendant of Pelops. 
Peloponnesian (pel"o-po-ne'si-an), a. and n. 
[< L. Peloponneshts, Peloponnesian, < Pelopon- 
nesus, < Gr. IIf/lo7r<SwJ7<TOf, the Peloponnesus, for 
ntAoTrof vijaof, the island of Pelops : Hffjnp, gen. 
nSojrof, Pelops, 
son of Tantalus 
(< 7re/Wf, dark, 
dark-colored, + 
01/1, eye, face); 
vijaof, island.] I. 
a. Of or pertain- 
ing to the Pel- 
oponnesus, the 
southern penin- 
sula of Greece, 
including Acha- 
ia, Elis, Arcadia, 
Sicyonia, Argo- 
lis, Laconia, 
Messenia, and 
part of Corin- 
thia Peloponne- 
sian or Dorian 
school of sculpture, 
in Gr. art, one of the 
chief schools of clas- 
sic sculpture, paral- 
lel with the Attic 
school, from which 
it differed notably in 
Peloponnesian Art. The Nike of Pa;- Hsmnrp rnhnatniinl 
onius, dedicated at Olympia by the Mes- '< s ul rc robustliual- 
senians in commemoration of the Spartan 'V an(l '" less mi- 
defeat at Sphacteria, 425 B. c. nute elaboration of 
detail. The Athe- 
nian Phidias, whose chief teacher was the Dorian Ageladas, 
united the excellences of both schools. Peloponnesian 
war, one of the principal wars of ancient Greece, 431-404 
B. c. The contestants were Athens and her allies (largely 
naval) and Sparta with allies (including several from the 
Peloponnesus, whence the name of the war). Its final out- 
come was the transference of the hegemony in Greece from 
Athens to Sparta. 
II. n. A native or an inhabitant of the Pelo- 
ponnesus. 
peloria (pe-16'ri-a), n. [NL., < Gr. n-/k>p, a 
monster.] In bot., the appearance of regular- 
ity of structure in the flowers of plants which 
normally bear irregular flowers. This restoration 
of regularity may take place in two ways either by the 
non-development of the irregular parts (regular pelo- 
ria), or by the formation of irregular parts in increased 
number, so that the symmetry of the flower is rendered 
perfect (irregular peloria). The latter, which is the more 
common, is the original peloria of Li imams : the term was 
first used of five-spurred examples of Linaria vulgaris. 
See pelorization. 
peloriate (pe-lor'i-at), a. [< peloria + -ate 1 ."] 
Characterized by peloria. 
In Linaria cymbalariapefortate flowers and other changes 
were found. Set. Amer., N. S., LX. 293. 
peloric (pe-lor'ik), a. [< peloria + -ic.~] Char- 
acterized by peloria. Darwin, Var. of Animals 
and Plants, xiv. 
pelorisation, n. See pelorization. 
pelorise, v. t. See pelorize. 
pelorism (pel'o-rizm), n. [< Gr. 7TcvU)/>, a mon- 
ster (see peloria), + -ism.~\ Same as peloria. 
Pelorism is not due to mere chance variability, but either 
to an arrest of development or to reversion. 
Darwin, Var. of Animals and Plants, I. 33. 
pelorization (pel"o-ri-za'shon), n. [< pelorize 
+ -ation."\ The becoming affected with pe- 
loria. Also spelled pelorisation. 
In some instances, by pelorization, it is found that tetra- 
dynamous plants become tetrandrous. 
JSncyc. Brit,, IV. 129. 
pelorize (pel'o-riz), v. t.-. pret. and pp. pelo- 
rized, ppr. pelorizing. [^ peloria + -ize.'] To 
affect with peloria. Also spelled pelorise. 
The most perfectly pelorised examples had six petals, 
each marked with black striae like those on the stantlnrd- 
petal. Darwin, Var. of Animals and Plants, I. 338. 
pelta 
pelorus (pe-16'rus), n. [< L. Pelorus, the tra- 
ditional pilot of Hannibal.] Naut., an instru- 
ment for detecting errors of the compass by the 
bearings of celestial objects. 
pelott, " A Middle English form of pellet. 
pelote (pe-16f), n. [F., a ball wound from wool, 
worsted, silk, etc. : see pellet."] A tuft or flock 
of hair or wool, or of a similar fiber. 
pelourt, . An obsolete form of piller*. 
pelowt, pelowet, Middle English forms of 
pillow. 
pelt 1 (pelt), v. [< ME. pelten, pilten, pulten, ap- 
par. < L. pultare, beat, strike, knock, collateral 
form of pttlsare, push, strike, beat, batter: see 
handle roughly, OF. peloter, play at ball, toss 
like a ball, = It. pelottare, pilottare, thump, cuff, 
baste (Florio) ; but the required orig. ME. 
"peleteti would not contract in ME. topelten, nor 
produce the form pulten. Cf. palt, polt 1 .] I. 
trans. If. To push; thrust. 
Fikenhild a^en hire pelte 
With his swerdes hilte. 
King Horn (E. E. T. S.), 1. 1415. 
2. To assail with missiles ; assail or strike with 
something thrown. 
The chidden billow seems to pelt the clouds. 
Shak., Othello, ii. 1. 12. 
Several such obscure persons as these we have had of 
late, who have insulted men of great abilities and worth, 
and taken pleasure to pelt them, from their coverts, with 
little objections. Bp. Atterbury, Sermons, I. xi., Pref. 
3. To throw; cast; hurl. [Rare.] 
My Phillis me with pelted apples plies. 
Dryden, tr. of Virgil's Eclogues, iii. 97. 
II. intrans. 1. To throw missiles. 
The bishop and the Duke of Gloucester's men . . . 
Do pelt so fast [with pebblestones] at one another's pate 
That many have their giddy brains knock'd out. 
Shak., 1 lien. VI., iii. 1. 82. 
2. To fall or descend (on one) with violence or 
persistency: as, a pelting rain. 
The pelting shower 
Destroys the tender herb and budding flower. 
A. PhUips, Pastorals, ii. 
At a touch sweet Pleasure melteth, 
Like to bubbles when ruin pelttth. 
Keats, Fancy. 
3. To proceed rapidly and without intermis- 
sion ; hurry on : as, the horses pelted along at 
a fine pace. [Colloq.] 4f. To bandy words; 
use abusive language; be in a passion. 
Another smother'd seems to pelt and swear. 
Shale., Lucrece, L 1418. 
5f. To submit ; become paltry. Nares. 
I found the people nothing prest to pelt, 
To yeeld, or hostage give, or tributes pay. 
Mir. for Mags., p. 166. 
pelt 1 (pelt), n. [<prfji,0.] 1. A blow or stroke 
from something thrown. 
But as Leucetius to the gates came fast 
To fire the same, Troyes Ilioneus brave 
With a huge stone a deadly pelt him gave. 
Vicars, tr. of Virgil. (Naret.) 
2f. Rage ; anger ; passion. 
That the letter which put you into such A pelt came from 
another. Wrangling Lovers (1677). (Nares.) 
pelt 2 (pelt), n. [< ME. pelt, appar. developed 
from pelter, peltry regarded as < "pelt + -er or 
-ry: see pelter 1 , peltry*. The Q.pelz, fur, skin, 
is a diff. word, MHG. pelz, belz, belliz, OHG. 
pelliz = AS. pylce (> E. pilch), < ML. pellicea, a 
skin, a furred robe, > nit. pilch and pelisse : see 
pilch, pelisse. Gt.peW-.~\ 1. The skin of a beast 
with the hair on it, especially of one of the 
smaller animals used in f urriery ; specifically, 
a fur-skin dried but not prepared for use as 
fur; a raw hide: sometimes applied to a gar- 
ment made from such a skin. 
Off shepe also comythe pelt and eke Felle. 
Political Poems, etc. (ed. Furnivall), p. 16. 
A pelt, or garments made of wolves and beares skins, 
which nobles in old time used to weare. 
Nomendator (1585). (Narei.) 
They used rawpeto clapped about them for their clothes. 
Fuller, Holy War, p. 145. 
2. The mangled quarry of a hawk; the dead 
body of a bird killed by a hawk. 3. Soft lea- 
ther used for covering inking-pads InMng- 
pelt, a sheepskin cut and stuffed in the shape of a ball 
and fitted to a handle, for use as the inking-ball of a hand- 
press. Tanned pelt, a skin tanned with the hair on, es- 
pecially one of inferior value, such as sheepskin. =Syn. 1. 
Hide, etc. See tkin. 
pelta (pel'ta), .; y\.pclt(-i&). [L. , < Gr. JTC /in?, 
a small, lignt shield, of leather, without a rim.] 
1. In classical antiq,, a small and light buckler, 
