pendicle 
pendicle (pen'di-kl I, . | < L. /irili<-nliix. some- 
thing Imngin";, a conl, :i noose, < /H inli-n; hang: 
sci> />< mli ill. | 1. A sniiill |iii'cc of grim ml .either 
ilcpeiiiliii".' mi :i larger 1'iiriii or let sc|iiir:ilcly 
I iv tin- owner; a croft. [Scotch.] Hence 2. 
i icni'i-iilly, an appendage. 
hy noon wo Inul conn- ill M'_'ht nf the mill, . . . which, 
as n jiriiilulr nf Silverado mini', we liclil to be ail outlying 
province i>f our nn 
/,'. /.. .Vfrivii*//i, Silvrni.lo SjuatteM, I'. I ' . 
pendicler (pen'ili-kler), ii. |< /i<m/icle + -'.] 
One wild cultivates a penilicle or croft; nil in- 
ferior or small tenant. (Scotch.] 
pending (pcn'ding), />. a. [< L. iH-inli-ii(t-)*, 
|ieniliii". hanging, as in jn inli-nli- lili. the suit 
lieniliii!.' : see jiiiiili-ii I .\ I >e| lem I i ii"; : remaining 
iindefiiled; not terminated: as, u /leiidiiiii suit ; 
while the case \\as />< iiiliiuj. 
pending (pen'diii";), prep. [First in ' /n inlmii 
the suit," tr. L. / mli nt< lilr, where prmlinii ( I,. 
lii'inli'iili) is prop. ppr. of iirnil (L. /n mli n ). 
hang, agreeing with tlio substantive used uh- 
soluteK : see i" mliiii/, /i. n., pi'inl-. The saino 
on N| met ion appeal's in the use of during.'} For 
the time of the continuance of; during; in the 
pcrioil covered by: as, / HI/UK/ the suit; peiul- 
iiuj the negotiation. When used of an action, pend- 
ing properly Indicates the period t>e(ore final judgment. 
Sometimes It is more loosely used to Include the time 
which may elapse b'.'fore alien judgment is satisfied. 
Meanwhile, anil landing the arrangement of the pro- 
ceedings, and a fair division of the speechifying, the punliu 
In the large room were eyeing . . . the empty platform 
and the ladies In the Music (isllery. 
Didtent, Nicholas Nlckleby, II. 
Mr. i'.'s bachelor's box, a temporary abode which he 
occupies pcndiny the erection of a vicarage, . . . Is a cosy 
little habitation. Him Draddon, Hostages to fortune. 
pendle 4, . [< V.pcndule,<. ML. pendulum, some- 
thing hanging: see pendule.] A pendant; an 
ear-ring. [Scotch.] 
This lady gaed up the Parliament stair, 
\\ i' penales in her lugs sue honnie. 
Hichie Stone (Child's Ballads, VIII. 2S6X 
pendle a (pen'dl), adv. [Cf. pendlei.] Head- 
long; suddenly. [Local, Eng.] 
pendle" (pen'dl), n. [Perhaps < W. and Corn. 
/ifii, head.] A local name in England of va- 
rious beds of the Silurian and Jurassic, as of 
certain thick flagstones in the lower Ludlow 
near Malvern, of a gray o61itic limestone near 
Stonesfield, of a limestone at Blisworth, and of 
a fissile argillaceous limestone near the base of 
the Purbeck beds at Hartwell. 
The top stratum In the stone-quarry at Isllp, co. Oxon, 
ia called the ^vw/fr-roek. There is a mountain called 
Pendle Hill. BalliuxU. 
pendragon (pen-drag'on), . [< W. pen, ahead, 
+ dragon, a leader.] A chief leader; a gen- 
eralissimo; a chief king. The title was conferred 
of old on British chiefs in times of great danger, when 
they were invested with dictatorial power. 
The dread 1'endrtujon, Britain's King of kings. 
, Lancelot and Klaine. 
4371 
2. A stamlanl dock, especially one forming nn 
ornamental object, as part of a elnnniey--ei . 
There are also divers curious rlovks, watches, and pen- 
..f i-M|iiiitc oik. /;.././,,. IHary, Sept. , 1680. 
pendulent (pen'du-leut), a. [I'rop. */'/''; 
< iiniiliili' + -enttfor'-ant).] Pendulous; hang- 
ing. 
Wayward old willow-trees, which . . . shed, from myri- 
ads i>{ iiriuluient gold catkins, when the 
pendulum 
rnjb'il the^rriorf if otnltati" of tin ji,-iiiliiliim. A rimplf 
i hi tin- in- < li.nitcal M-IIIW In a matrri il jiatti. I. 
saspendi-il hy a weightleim rod and niovii.f without fri< 
tloo. Aslnuh " l.'lil :itl:i'-li. .1 by a hiring, it. .,pi],T.i\i 
mates to an ideal titnijib- ji-iHluhnn I In- j>< 1 10,1 ,,f oscil- 
hilion c.f a -iu,],li |M ipliihiiii III vaello U 
tln-m, H fragrance , 
west wind shook 
keenly and refreshingly sweet 
//. II. l-rnton. Year In Eden, Tit 
pendragonship (pen-drag'on-ship), . [< pen- 
ilr<ii/i>ii + -.v/n/i.] The state, condition, orpow- 
er of a pendragon. 
The Dragon of the great Pendravonship, 
That crown'd the state pavilion of the HIM,'. 
Tennyson, Guinevere. 
pen-driver (peu'dri'ver), . A clerk or writer. 
[Jocular.] 
She . . . looked round on the circle of fresh-faced pen- 
driven for explanation. The Century, XXXVII. 680. 
pendro (pi'n'clro), . A certain disease in sheep. 
pendular (pen'du-lftr), a. [< pendulum + -nr 3 .] 
Of or relating to a pendulum: as, pnxlulnr vi- 
imition. 
pendulate (pen'du-lat), v. i. ; pret. and pp. /</- 
ilnliiti'il, ppr. /n ml i<ln ti nit. [< L. pmdulnx, hang- 
ing (see pendulous), + -ate 2 .] To hang or swing 
freely; swing; dangle: vibrate as a pendulum. 
The Ill-starred scoundrel (on the gallows] pendulate* be- 
tween Heaven and Earth, a thing rejected of both. 
Carli/lf, Diamond Necklace, xvl. 
pendulatoryt, [< pendulate + -ory.] Hang- 
ing: pendulous. 
1 have seen above five hundred hanged, but I noyer saw 
any have a hctter countenance in ills dangling and prndi- 
t'i'i if [i rail /* ;i >!*(/" '| it; su ;i--inu. 
rn/iihnrl, tr. of Rabelais, 1. 42. (/*in>.) 
pendulet (pen'dul), H. [< V. pi-mlule = Sp. p6n- 
iluln = Pg. pendulo = It. priidnln, pendolo = D. 
pt'nilulr =r<i. /ii-iiili / = SW./K mli l,/inid>/l = Dan. 
pedel,(. NL. pi nduluiii, a pendulum: see ;/<- 
iln/nni. Cf. pendle 1 . "] 1. A pendulum. 
By a familiar Instance, the hammer is raised by a li. , I 
that uln-,'1 by 11 consequence ot other wheels; those are 
moved l,y a spring, ttendule, or IM^C. 
Eeelyn, True Religion. I. li 
pendulet (pen'du-let), n. [< F. / mlii/i I. < / - 
iln/i -. a pendiile: see ;xW/c.] In jewelry, game 
as /// nililiil. 
penduline (pen'du-lin), u. and u. [< NL. /'/- 
iluliiiitx, q. v.] I. n. 1. Building a pendulous 
or pensile nest: as, the /w//ir titmou.se, 
.fy/itliiiliix iM-iulii/tiuix. 2. Pendulous or pen- 
sile, as a bird's nest. 
The penduline form of the neat. 
C. Smtinton, Brit Birds (1886X p. :il. 
II, . A titmouse of the genus ./-.'i/iV/m/ic, 
(or I'ltidttlintm). 
Pendulinua (pen-du-li'nus), n. [NL., dim. of 
L. iiexdulux, hanging: see pen<tulouM.] In or- 
nith.: (a) An extensive genus of American ori- 
oles or hangnests of the family Icteridte: so 
named by Vieillot in 1816 from their pensile or 
pendulous nests. ThetypelsP.rtyfyasfCT-. The birds 
are, however, usually Included in the larger genus Icterus. 
Also called A ontAornut and Bananivanu. (J) A genus 
of titmice of the family Fartdte: synonymous 
with JKgithalus. Bream, 1828. 
pendulosity(pen-du-los'i-ti),n. [< pendulous + 
-i-ty.~\ The state of being pendulous; suspen- 
sion. 
Suetonius delivereth of Germanicus that he had slender 
legs, but Increased them by riding after meals : that Is, the 
humours descending upon their penduloritu, they having 
no support or suppendiuieous stability. 
Sir T. Brmme, Vulg. Err., T. IS. 
pendulous (pen'du-lus), a. [< L. pcndulus, hang- 
ing, hanging down, pendent, < penderc, hang, 
be suspended: see pendent. Cf. j>endulum..~l 1. 
Hanging loosely or swinging freely from a fixed 
point above; hanging; swinging; loosely pen- 
dent : as, pendulous ears. 
I see him yonder with his pipe pendulout in his hand, 
and the ashes falling out of It. 
Sterne. Tristram Shandy, vlll. 24. 
So blend the turrets and shadows there 
That all seem pendulou* In air. 
Poe, The Doomed City. 
The elm-trees reach their long, pendulov* branches al- 
most to the ground. Longfellow, Hyperion, III. 1. 
2. In zoiil., specifically applied (n) To the 
pensile nests of birds, which hang 
like a purse or pouch from the 
support. (6) To the penis, clito- 
ris, or scrotum when loosely hang- 
ing from the perineum or abdo- 
men, as in various monkeys, mar- 
supials, etc. 3. In lit.. same as 
pendent, more especially when 
the flexure is from weakness of 
the support. 4f. In suspense; 
wavering; doubting; undecided. 
Whosoever was found jtrnduliiu* and 
hrangling in his Religion was brought by 
a Sergeant, called Familiar, before the 
said Council of Inquisition. 
llineell, Letters, I. v. 42. 
He (man) must be nothing, believe no- 
thing, be of no opinion, but live under 
an indifference to all truths and talse- 
hoods, in &pendulou state of mind. 
/;//. AUerbury, Sermons, II. x. 
Pendulous or Inverted oscillating 
engine. Seeengine. Pendulous pal- 
pi, in I'uiuw . palpi which are unusually 
long and hang below the mouth, 
pendulously (pen'du-lus-li), adv. 
Ions manner: waveringly. 
pendulousness (penMn-lus-nes), M. The state 
of being pendulous, or hanging and swinging, 
pendulum (pen'du-lnm), n. [NL., a pendulum, 
neut. of L. pendulum, hanging, hanging down : 
BMcBflJ 1. Anything that 
hangs down from a point of 
attachment and is free to 
swing. 2. In mrrA.,abody 
so suspended from a fixed 
._ . point as to move to and fro 
: by the alternate action of 
gravity and its acquired 
energy of motion. The time 
occupied by a single oscillation 
or suini.' is counted from the time of the descent of the 
pendulum from the highest point on one side till It at- 
tains the highest IK. hit mi the opposite side. This time is 
where ir = 3.14159+,^ is the acceleration of gravity. (Is the 
length of the pendulum, anil A 1s the total arc of oscillation. 
The quantity In parentheses Is not affected by the radical 
sign. It will lie seen that, unless the arc ls v. n In 
llsalmoatindi < ndi m t Its magnitude. \. i/'/-.><,,'i 

Peiiduliiii 
period Isalmostinil' . 
peiululttm in any (>ciidlllnill not -m. j.!> It,. -ann foi nillht 
for the period applies. / being the mjiiare of Die radius of 
gyration divided uy the distance of the c.-nt< i ,,f m,t\itv 
from the ails of rotation. The common dock p, minium 
usually consista of a rod of metal or wood, suspended so as 
to move freely about the point of suspension, and having 
a flat circular piece of brass or other heavy material, called 
a &*, attached to Its lower end. The metal rod, lioweTer, 
is subject to variations In length In consequence of changes 
of tenincrature, and, as the accuracy of the pendulum con- 
sidered as a regulating power depends upon Its always 
maintaining the same length, various combinations of 
two different metals, as brass and steel, under the name 
of compensation penduluna, have been adopted In order to 
counteract the effects of changes of temperature. These 
take particular names, according to their forms and ma 
terlals. as the gridiron pendulum, the mercurial pendu- 
lum, the If ner pendulum, etc. The yridirim pendulum i' 
composed of parallel rods of brass 
and steel, arranged hi one plane, 
and so connected together that the 
different degrees of ex panslon of the 
different metals compensate each 
other and maintain the compound 
rod of fixed length. The mercurial 
pendulum, devised by Graham, con- 
sista of one rod with a vessel con- 
taining mercury at the lower end, 
so adjusted In quantity that, what- 
ever alterations take place in the 
length of the pendulum, the center 
of oscillation remains the same, the 
mercury ascending when the rod de- 
scends, and vice versa. Another 
form of compensation or compen- 
sating pendulum employs a curved 
bar composed of Iron and brass 
brazed together, which is attached 
to the rod in a horizontal position, 
the brass downward. The unequal 
expansion of the metalsunderarise Gridiron MercurUI 
of temperature tends to lilt the cen- Pendulum. Pendulum, 
ter of gravity of the bob, and thus 
to compensate for the simultaneous Increase in length of 
the rod. The pendulum is of great importance as the reg- 
ulating power of clocks. Our clocks are nothing more than 
Cdulnms with wheel-work attached to register the nnm- 
of vibrations, and with a weight or spring having force 
enough to counteract retarding effects of friction and the 
resistance of the air. A recenible pendulum is a pendulum 
so arranged that it may be suspended from either of two 
axes on its length at unequal distances from its center of 
gravity, and so placed that in the two positions each be- 
comes axis of suspension and axis of oscillation, so that 
the time of vibration shall be the same in both positions. 
Hessel's reversible pendulum is symmetrical in external 
figure with respect to the plane equidistant from the two 
axes. Such a pendulum eliminates the effect of the atmo- 
sphere. A pendulum which makes exactly one oscillation 
per second is called a ttecondu pendulum (also written tec- 
and*' pendulum and tecond't pendulum). The length of a 
pendulum Is the length of the simple pendnlum having the 
same period that is, the distance between the point of 
suspension and the center of oscillation (see rrn/rri). In 
the latitude of New York, and at the level of the sea, the 
length of the seconds pendulum is 39.1 inches nearly. As 
the force of gravity diminishes toward the equator and In- 
creases toward the poles, the seconds pendulum is shorter 
In lower latitudes and longer In higher. Besides its use 
as a regulator In clocks, the pendulum in applied t<> deter- 
mine the relative and absolute acceleration of inavity at 
different places, and In this way the figure of the earth. 
3. A chandelier or lamp pendent from a ceil- 
ing. 4. A guard-ring of a watch and its at- 
tachment, by which the watch is attached to 
a chain Axis of oscillation of a pendulum. See 
axiti. Ballistic pendulum. See baUittic. Conical 
pendulum, a pendulum not restricted to move In one 
plane, the center of gravity being only restricted to the 
surface of a sphere. Cycloldal pendulum, a pendulum 
so constructed as to vibrate in the arc of a cycloid instead 
of a circular arc, like the common pendulum. The vibra- 
tions of such a pendulum are perfectly Isochronous. 
In a pendu- Electric pendulum, (a) See electric, (b) A pendulum 
that at some point of its path clows a circuit, this In turn 
either reporting the beats of the pendulum at distant sta- 
tions for time-comparisons, or directly controlling a num- 
ber of clocks. See electric Hoc*, under doclft. Foucanlt's 
pendnlum, a conical pendulum with a very long wire 
and a heavy lion, designed to exhibit the revolution of the 
earth. At the north pole, the plane of oscillation, really 
remaining fixed, would appear to rotate about the vertical 
once in twenty-four hours. At the equator there would 
be no such effect; and at other latitudes there should 
be a slower rotation. See compontian a/rotation*, under 
rotation Gyroscopic, hydrometrtc, etc .. pendulum. 
See the adjectives. Invariable pendulum, a pendn- 
lum intended to be carried from station to station, and 
to be oscillated at each so aa to determine the relative 
acceleration of gravity at those points. This method 
assumes that the pendulum Is not bent nor Its knife- 
edges altered In position or sharpness In the coarse of 
transportation. Hence it 1s called iiirorioMr, not aa be- 
ing incapable of change, but aa being secured against 
change for a limited time. Long and short pendulum, 
a |M-ndnliim for tieterminini: the absolute force of gravity, 
consisting of a bob suspended byawire the length of which 
Pendulous Nest 
of Crated Ca- 
cique (CacffHS ft- 
IriHt). 
