pervious 4422 
Those distillations of celestial dews are conveyed in envassaled. The word has been found only in 
channels not pervious ito an eye of Bense the p assage cited, where some take it to be < 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), II. 14 i(1 + _^ 2 and t t t , h , < stu ; d , 
'MOMS substance as the brain, they might . ' 
flnde an easie either e^tnTOcro'^exiVaTmost'everywhere. Thus planted to each lewd thought's control. 
Olanville, Vanity of Dogmatizing, iv. Marston. (Imp. Diet.) 
Werenottheirjudgmentswarpedbytheclass-bias.work- pese 1 t, A Middle English form of pease 1 . 
Ingmen might be more pervious tojhe i truth. _ pese'-'t, n. and f. A Middle English form of 
peace. 
H. Spencer, Study of Sociol., p. 250. 
2. Pervading; permeating. [Rare.] peseta (pe-sa'ta), n. [Sp., dim., < pesa, weight. 
They have an agility to move from place to place with Cf. peso.] 1. A silver coin of modern Spain. 
speed and subtilty, like light ; to have their way free and 
pervious through all places. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 1835), I. 385. 
What is this little, agile, pervious Fire, 
This flutt'ring Motion, which we call the Mind? 
Prior, Solomon, iii. 
3. Open; patent; patulous; perforate: applied 
in anatomy and zoology to organs which may 
be impervious at some time, or under some cir- 
cumstances. 4. In bot., possessing an opening 
or passageway. 
perviousness (per'vi-us-nes), . The property 
of being pervious. 
perviset, '. t. [< L. pervisus, pp. of pervidere, 
look through, < per, through, + videre, see : see 
vision. Cf. revise, etc., and see peruse.] To ob- 
serve; examine; inspect. [Rare.] 
Obverse. Reverse. 
Peseta of Alfonso XII., in the British Museum. (Size of the original.) 
It is equal to 19.3 United States cents, or 9Jd. sterling. 
There is a gold coin of 20 pesetas and a silver coin of 5 
pesetas. 
2. In Peru, the fifth part of the silver sol, equal 
to a French franc. 
gingle Qr ^^ Syri&0 tndatlon o f 
Old and New Testaments, it is supposed to have 
been made by Christians in the second century, and pos- 
sesses high authority. The Old Testament is translated 
directly from the Hebrew. 2 Peter, 2 and 3 John, Jude, 
and Revelation are wanting. 
peshwa (pesh'wa), n. [Mahratti, a leader, 
guide.] Among the Mahrattas, originally, a 
chief minister: later, the chief or prince of the 
pery 2 t, An obsolete form of pirry. 
pes't, . A Middle English form of peace. 
, t We ; ' ' 5 now P. as8ed Clare Hall, the state whereof Peshito, PesMttO (pe-she'to), n. [Literally, 
these two days we have thoroughly permsed, and com- .""^r"" .'^ 
muned with the company. 
State Paper, May 18, 1549 (J. Bradford's Works, Parker 
[Soc., 1853, IL 369). 
peryif, n. [ME., also pirie, pyrie; < AS. pirige, 
a pear-tree, < peru,pere: see pear 1 .] A pear- 
tree. 
Thus I lete hym sitte upon the pyrie, 
And Januarie ^May^ge myrie ce QI ^ 
f J f Mahrattas. The last of the peshwas surren- 
dered to Sir John Malcolm in 1817. Also peish- 
pes^t; n. A Middle English form of piece. It 'subsequently passed into the hands of the rajas of 
PBS 3 (pez), H.; pi. pedes (pe dez). [L., = E. Satara and then the peshwds. Encyc. Brit., XXIV. 743. 
foot: see foot.~\ In anat. and eool. : (a) The The minister (or Pets/woA) of the king of the Mahrattas 
foot ; the third and distal segment of the hind has become the hereditary sovereign. Brougham. 
limb of a vertebrate, consisting of the tarsus, peshwaship (pesh'wa-ship), n. [< peshwa + 
metatarsus, and phalanges: the correlative of -ship.'] The office or 'dignity of a peshwa. En- 
manus of the fore limb. (6) A foot-like part or eye. Brit., XV. 291. 
organ; a peduncle, or base of support AMuc- peskily (pes'ki-li), adv. Annoyingly; hence, 
tor POlllOiS Pedls, a small muscle along the inner plan- vorv ATrri-ATnnlv in n Tinrl aonao rPnll TT a 1 
tar border of the loot, inserted into the inner side of the JSZi extre - m .f v > m f ' ba 3en8e> Ll"Ollpq., U.b.J 
base of the first phalanx of the great toe. Also called Pesky (pes'ki), a. [Perhaps a var. of "pesty (< 
abductor hallucis. - Flexor brevls pollicis pedls. Same 
as flexor brevis hallucis. Flexor communis digit orum 
pedls. Same &sfiexor longus difritorum. Seefiexor. Pes 
accessorius. a smooth white eminence, variable in size, 
situated at the junction of the posterior and descending 
cornua of the lateral ventricle, formed by the protrusion 
inward of the collateral fissure. Also called eminentia 
coilateralis.'Pes anserinus fasciae latze, the radiating npqkv 
ligamentous structure at the insertion of the sartorius, i' ~0 r 
gracilis, and semitendinosus, on the inner side of the "* _ __ 
knee. Pes anserinus major, the radiating trunks of a.] Excessive- 
the facial nerve as they pass through the parotid gland, ly ; as, pesty 
and emerge on the face. Pes anserinus minor, the R ] ow rfV>llon 
infra-orbital plexus(whichsee, underjAiras). Pesanse- ?i c -, L q- ' 
rinus nervi median!. Same as plexus anserinus nervi u - b -J 
mediani. Pes antlcus. Same as marara, 1. Pes calca- pCSO (pa'sd), n. 
neus. Same ZB talipes calcaneus. Pes cavus. Same as [Sp., a dollar, 
pest + -y 1 ). Cf. the reverse relation of nasty 
for nasty; cf. also perk 2 and pert 1 , etc.] Trou- 
blesome; annoying; plaguy. [Colloq., U. S.] 
I got caught in those pesky blackberry-bushes in the 
graveyard, and I do believe I ve torn my breeches all to 
pieces. 
H. B. Stmce, Oldtown, p. 66. 
lit, a weight, 
= Pg. It. pe- 
so, weight, < 
ML. pensum, 
a weight: see 
poise, n.] The 
cugus. Pes varus. Same as talipes va- poise, n.J me 
sus pedls, a plantar muscle at the fore Spanish dollar. 
tarsus, above the flexor tendons, and in- a fift dnllsir 1 
ase of the first phalanx of the great toe. T?f 5.V j 
Also called du- 
ro. Also, a mod- 
ern coin of various 
American states 
(ArgentineRepub- 
lic, Chili, etc.), 
talipes cavus. Pes corouse radiatffl, the foot of the 
corona radiata where it passes into the internal capsule. 
Pes equlnovarUB. Same as talipes equinovarus. Pes 
equinus. Same as talipes equinns.tea nippocampi 
major, the enlarged lower section of the hippocampus 
major. Pes hippocampi minor. Same as hippocampus 
minor. Pes pedunculi. Same as crusta. Pes valgus. 
Same as talipes valsnt8.Pea varus. Same as tolipex va 
rus, Transversus pedir 
part of the metatarsus, ab 
serted into the base of the first phalanx of the great toe. 
Also called caput breve or transversum adductoris hallucis, 
and hattucal transverse muscle. 
pesablet, a. A Middle English form of peace- 
able. 
pesade (pe-zad'), n. [<F. pesade, < peser =Sp , 
Pg. pesar = It. pesare, < L. pensare, weigh : see worth from 69.8 to 
poise.] In the manege, the motion of a horse s*- 6 United States 
when he raises his fore quarters, keeping his fngis a tableof its 
hind feet on the ground without advancing; values in United 
rearing. Imp. Diet. States cents : 
pesage (pe-zazh'), n. [< OF. pesage (= Pg.pe- Argentine Re- 
sagem), < peser, weigh: see poise.] A custom -P" 6 ! 1 ?---- 9&B 
or duty paid for weighing merchandise. Craig. 
pesanet, Same as pusane. 
pesant 1 ^ a. [ME., also pesaunt, < OF. (and F. ) 
pesant(= Sp. Pg. It. pesante), heavy, lit. weigh- 
ing down, ppr. of peser, weigh: see poise.] 
Heavy. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), i. 119. .. 
Sa?t* f r . An , ^ solete rT 8 Pelling of peasant. pe sont . [ME., < OF. peson, pezon, a weight, 
pesante (pe-zan te), a. [It.: see pesanfl.] In a smafl coin, also a whirl on a spindle, F. Jon 
l^'J^^7r & T^ 6m ?- &Si r-- n6& ^ a teelyard,'< peser, weigh: seepoise] A^- 
equivalent to marcando, but not implying the strument in the form of a stafff with balls or 
.... 
Costa Rica... 
Guatemala . . 
Honduras . . . 
Nicaragua . . . 
San Salvador . 
Chili 
Colombia . . . 
Cuba ......... 92.6 
912 
Reverse. 
Silver Peso of Chili, in the British Museum. 
(Size of the original.) 
pest 
pessary (pes'a-ri), . ; pi. pessaries (-riz). [< F. 
pessaire = Sp. pesario = Pg. It. pessario, < LL. 
pessarium, a pessary, < \i.pessum,pessus, a pes- 
sary, < Gr. TTEo-adf , an oval pebble used in play- 
ing a game like draughts, a pessary.] In med., 
an instrument made, in various forms, of elas- 
tic or rigid materials, and worn in the vagina 
to remedy various uterine displacements. 
pesset, . A Middle English form of peace. 
pessimism (pes'i-mizm), n. [= F. pessimisme 
= Sp. pesimismo = Pg. It. pesgimismo, < Gr. pes- 
simifimus (Schopenhauer, 1819), < NL. *pessi- 
misiHiis, < L. pessimus, worst; superl. (pejor, 
worse, compar.) of mains, bad: see male 3 .] 1. 
In metapli. : (a) The doctrine that this world 
is the worst possible. 
A Schopenhauer, with logic and learning and wit, teach- 
ing pessimism teaching that this is the worst of all pos- 
sible worlds, and inferring that sleep is better than waking, 
and death than sleep all the talent in the world cannot 
save him from being odious. 
Emerson, Letters and Social Aims (1876), p. 122. 
(6) The doctrine that the development of the 
universe has such a law that it must ultimately 
reach, or at least tend toward, the same non- 
existence from which it sprang. This doctrine has 
been associated (and probably is logically associated) with 
the feeling that existence is in itself an evil, and is due to 
a radically evil principle of separation and of strife the 
will. It is also in harmony with psychological monism. 
Compare optimism. 
2. The tendency to exaggerate in thought the 
evils of life, or to look only upon its dark side ; 
a melancholy or depressing spirit or view of life. 
Perhaps the great charm of the Elegy is to be found in 
its embodying that pensively stingless pessimism which 
comes with the first gray hair. 
Lowell, New Princeton Rev., I. 171. 
3. The worst possible condition ; the point of 
greatest deterioration. [Bare.] 
Public criticism is, upon works of fine literature, at the 
very point of pessimism. 
Southey, Letters (1812), n. 253. (Dairies.) 
pessimist (pes'i-mist), n. and a. [= F. pessi- 
mists = Sp. pesimista = Pg. It. pessimista, < 
NL. "pessimista, <l*.pessimus, worst: see pessi- 
mism.'] I. n. 1. One who accepts the meta- 
physical doctrine of pessimism, in either sense. 
2. One who exaggerates the evils of life or 
is disposed to see only its dark side ; one who is 
given to melancholy or depressing views of life. 
II. a. Same as pessimistic. 
pessimistic (pes-i-mis'tik), a. [< pessimist + 
-ic.] Pertaining to, characterized by, or of the 
nature of pessimism, in any sense. =Syn. Cynical, 
etc. See misanthropic. 
pessimistical (pes-i-mis'ti-kal), a. [(pessimistic 
+ -al.] Same a,s pessimistic. 
pessimize (pes'i-miz), v. i. ; pret. and pp. pessi- 
mizcd, ppr. pessimizing. [< L. pessimus, worst, 
+ -ize.] To hold or express the belief or doc- 
trines of a pessimist. Saturday Sev. (Imp. 
Diet.) 
pessomancy (pes'6-man-si), . [< Gr. macof, 
an oval stone used in a game like draughts, -f 
ftavreia, divination, < [tdvrie, a prophet. ] Divina- 
tion by means of pebbles. 
pessonert, . [ME.,< OF. *peschonier (l),<pesch- 
er, < L. piscare, fish: see piseator.~] A fisher- 
man or fishmonger. York Plays, Index, p. Ixxvii. 
pessular (pes'u-lar), a. [< pessulus + -ar3.] 
Pertaining to the pessulus, or having its char- 
acter. 
pessulus (pes'u-lus), . ; pi. pessuli (-li). 
< L. pessulus, the bolt of a door, < Gr. 
a peg, pin, gag.] In 
ornith., the cross- 
bone of the syrinx; 
the gristly or bony 
bar across the lower 
end of the windpipe, 
at the point where 
the trachea forks 
into right and left 
bronchi. 
pest (pest), n. [< F. 
peSt = Sp. Pg. It. 
nfuff ( T, neatie a 
peSW, S Ll. peSlt-S, a tire tracheal 
deadlv epidemic dis- 
17 i r , . 
Base, plague, pestl- 
Iflnpe T*llin dpRtnif 
lence, ruin, U< 
tion ; with formative 
-ti, from a root variously sought in perdere, de- 
stroy (see perdition), inpetere, fall upon, attack 
(see petition), in pati, suffer (see passion, pa- 
tient), or elsewhere.] 1. Plague; pestilence; 
a deadly epidemic disease. 
Let fierce AchiUes . . . 
The god propitiate, and the pest assuage. 
Pope, Iliad, i. 192. 
[NL., 
A, bifurcation of trachea : aba, 
last entire tracheal ring. *. last en- 
tire tracheal ring, viewed from be- 
low ' crossed by the pessulus. C. bi- 
furcation of trachea and bronchi. 
viewed from below : a, oessulus, the 
bolt-bar, or bone of divarication; b t>, 
next succeeding tracheal half-rings. 
