ph 4432 
= Pg. ph or /= It. /, < L. ph, a combination phacocyst (fak'o-sist), n. [< Gr. 0<u-of, a lentil 
uied to represent the Gr.letter*,0, called *,JJM, (lens), -t- MOTH; bladder.] In hot., the nucleus 
orig. an aspirated n- orp.~\ A consonant digraph or cytioblast of a cell, often of u somewhat Icn- 
having tlie sound of/, used in the Latin or Eug- ticular form. See nucleus. 
lish,French,etc.,translitorationof'Gveekwords phacocystitis (fak'-'o-sis-ti'tis), . [NL.,<Gr. 
containing 0, as in phalanx, philosophy, graphic, tpuko*;, a lentil, the lens of the eye, + Kvarif, cyst, 
zephyr, etc., or occasionally of words from other -f -itw.'] Inflammation of the capsule of the 
languages. It rarely occurs in words other than those crystalline lens of the eye ; capsulitis. 
of the classes mentioned, and then only by error or confu- ijh aco i(l (fa'koid), a. [< Gr. 0a/M<% , like a len- 
sion. as in trhriit/ifi. ueiiftctc, ctnlter, ottpfi, ii/tlph (obsolete) r?! , . \ , /A , ->t J -i -ri 
(fron, a Greek word with i), in words having a similar til, < 0/fof, a lentil, +Mof, form.] Resembling 
aspirated p, as in seraph, pamphlet, etc., and obsolete mis- a lentil ; lentil-shaped. 
spellings like phaite for fane, prnphane for profane, pheer phacolite (fak'o-lit), n. [So called in allusion 
KOC, lentil, + /U'Sof, stone.] A variety of the 
zeolite chabazite, occurring in colorless rhom- 
bohedral crystals, lenticular in shape. These 
are often complex twins. The original was 
from Bohmisch Leipa in Bohemia. 
ually repi 
sented by/, as infancy, fantasy, fantom, fenix, etc.j some 
of these being now spelled with ph, as phantom, phemx, etc. 
Phaca (fa'ka), n. [NL. (Limueus, 1753), < Gr. 
0OK?/, lentils, lentil porridge, < <j>aK6f, the plant 
lentil.] A section of the genus Astragalus. 
Phacelia(fa-se'li-a), n. [NL. (A. L. de Jussieu, phacoscope (fak'o-skop), n. [< Gr. 0<ucrff, lentil 
1789), so called with ref. to the congested fas- (lens), + <cra-rii>,'view.] A small dark cham- 
cicle of spikes in the type, P. cireinata; < Gr. ber for exhibiting the changes of the crystalline 
0<kfXof, a bundle, fascicle.] A genus of orn a- lens of the eye in accommodation. Alsophako- 
mental plants of the order Hydropliyllaceee, scope. 
type of the tribe Phaeeliex, distinguished by Phacus (fa'kus), n. [NL., < Gr. 0a/cof, lentil.] 
the two-cleft style, wrinkled or tubercled A notable genus of flagellate infusorians, re- 
ferred to the Chloropeltidea by Stein, by Kent 
to the Ennlenidee. The several members were origi- 
nally described by Ehrenberg as species of Euytena, from 
which they differ in their more persistent forms, and 
seeds, and an inflorescence of one-sided scor- 
pioid cymes, at first densely fascicled, becom- 
ing loose and separated. There are about 65 spe- 
cies, all American, and mainly in the United States (56" in 
the west, especially NevadaandCalifornia, and in Texas, and 
about 8 in the east), a few in Mexico, and 1 from British Co- 
lumbia to the Straits of Magellan. They are delicate or 
rough-hairy plants, low and erect or diffuse, sometimes in 
greater induration of the cuticle, which often remains as 
an empty test after dissolution of its contents. They are 
such as P. triqueter, P. pyrum, and P. longicauda, all 
found in fresh water. See cut under Infusoria. 
large patches, usually with pinnately dissected leaves. PhaedranaSSa (fe-dra-nas'ii), n. [NL. (Her- 
They bear blue, violet, or white flowers, generally bell- ftp.)- lais-i < n.,. ibniinnvanna the iiarnn nf a 
shaped and with ten vertical folds within. Several spe- ' " "*>h* WT. WOfflpan wo, me name Ota 
cies are cultivated for their flowers, mostly blue-flowered nymph.] A genus of ornamental plants of the 
annuals of California, one a South American biennial or order Amaryllidess, tribe Amaryllese, and sub- 
perennial with pink flowers. tribe Cyafliiferse, known by the narrow peri- 
Phacelieae (fas-e-h'e-e), n.pl. [NL. (Bentham an th o f long erect lobes, the filaments dilated 
and Hooker, 1876), < Phacelia + -ese.] A tribe 
of gainopetalous plants of the order Hydrophyl- 
lacese, the water-leaf family, distinguished by 
the two-cleft or undivided style, and the one- 
celled ovary with placenta? slightly protruding 
from the walls, or extending toward tho center. 
It includes 10 genera and about 77 species, all of western 
North America except 1 in Japan and subarctic eastern 
Asia, and 1 in South Africa, 
phacella (fa-sel'a), u. ; pi. phacellse (-6). [NL.,< 
Gr. 0<k2/lof, ifidKc'Xof, a bundle, fascicle.] One of -Ef* 8 ' --y.- - 
the gastric filaments which in hydrozoans fonn PhaenOCffilia (fe-no-se'li-a), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
solid tentaculiform processes in the gastric cav- t* l ' wa 'i show, + xoiAof , cavity: see caHum.] Ani- 
ity in interradial groups near the genitalia. mals whose neurocrele is persistent, as all the 
phacellate (fas'e-lat), n. [< phacella +-!.] true vertebrates : opposed to Cryptocailia. Also 
Provided with phacellse, as a polyp. Phcnocailia. Wilder, Amer. Nat., XXI. 914. 
phacitis (fa-si'tis), H. [ASeopnakitig; NL.,<Gr. phaenocoelian (fe-no-se'li-an), a. Havingaper- 
qtctKof, a lentil, the lens of the eye, + -itis.] In- sistent neurocoele. 
flammation of the crystalline lens of the eye. phaenogam, phenogam (fe'iio-gam), n. [<.phte- 
nogamoiix.'] A phanerogamous plant: opposed 
and united at the base into a ring. The 4 species 
are natives of the Andes of Peru and Ecuador. They pro- 
duce broadly oblong or narrow leaves from a coated bulb, 
and a hollow scape bearing an umbel of many showy red 
or green flowers, drooping and cylindrical or narrowly 
funnelform. They are cultivated in greenhouses, under 
the name queen-luy. 
>haenocarpOUS (fe-uo-kar'pus), a. [< Gr. <t>alveiv, 
show, + /tapirof, a fruit.] In bot., bearing a 
fruit which has no adhesion to surrounding 
[Rare.] 
phaeton 
phaeophyl, phaeophyll (fe'o-fil), n. [< Gr. <txu6(, 
dusky, + (jtiM.ov, leaf.] A name proposed by 
Schiitt for the compound pigment of the Fiica- 
ccse an<l Ph9OftpOfK. The pigment is composed of 
phycophseiii, or that part of the pijfinent which is soluble 
in water, and phycoxanthin, or that part which is soluble 
in alcohol. 
phaeopus (fe'o-pus), n. [NL., < Gr. ijxuo*,, dusky, 
+ ;roi'f (TTOC!-) = E. foot.] An old name of a 
curlew, now the specific technical name of the 
whimbrel, Numenius plieeopn.t. 
Phaeosporeae (fe-o-spo're-e), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. 0aMf, dusky, dark, + airopof, a seed, + 
-ese.~] A very large class of algse, embracing, 
with the Fticaccee, all the olive and brown sea- 
weeds of the globe. The ordinary mode of multipli- 
cation is asexual, by means of zoospores, but the sexual 
mode of reproduction presents interesting complications, 
ranging from the conjugation of equivalent motile zo- 
ogametes to the impregnation of a stationary oosphere by 
motile antherozoids. There are great variations in the 
degree and development of the thallus, which is micro- 
scopic in some of the Ectocarpacete, and forms the lar- 
gest known marine organisms in Macrocystis, NereocysKs, 
and Lessonia. The J'hasosporeie include the Laminari- 
acese, Punctariacese, Sporuchnacex, Scytosiphtniacete, Ateso- 
gloeacese, Tilopteridex, Ralfmaeeie, Cutleriacese, etc. The 
class has also been called Phu i ozouKpure&, and includes a 
pail of what was formerly grouped together under the 
names of Fucoideee, itelanorporex, or Melanospermeee. 
Phaeothamnieas (fe"o-tham-ni'e-e), n. pi. [NL. 
(Lagerheim, 1885), < Ph&oiluimnion + -ese.~\ 
A small questionable family of algte, taking its 
name from the genus Pliieotltunmioii, and re- 
lated, according to Lagerheim, to the families 
Chroolepidcee and Chxtvplioracese. They have a 
palmella condition, and also produce two biciliated zoo- 
spores, which germinate directly without conjugation, so 
far as is known at present. 
Phaeothamnion (fe - o - tham ' ni - on), n. [NL. 
(Lagerheim, 1885), < Gr. 0a5f, dusky, dark, + 
(iafiviav, a small shrub, dim. of Odfivof, a bush, 
shrub.] A genus of fresh-water alga?, the 
type of the family Pltxothamuiese, forming 
brownish-yellow tufts on other algse. 
Phaeozoosporese (fe-6-xo-o-spo're-e), n. pi. 
[NL.,<Gr.0aif, dusky, dark, + Cyof, an animal, 
+ av6pof, a seed : see sjiore.'] Same as Phseo- 
sporcse. 
Pnaethon(fa'e-thon), . [NL., < Gr.0afftjv, beam- 
ing, radiant, in myth, [cap.] a son of Helios (see 
phacochoere, phacochere (fak'o-ker), n. A 
member of the genus Phaooekoffiu; a wart-hog. 
Abyssinian phacochoere. Same as halluf. 
Phacochoeridae (fak-o-ke'ri-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Phaoooh&rus + -idei.] An African family of 
to eryptoaam. 
Phaeriogamia (fe-no-ga'mi-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. Qaiveiv, show, + yapot, marriage.] In lot., 
same as Phanerogamia. 
mammals allied to the Suidse, or true swine, typ- phaenogamic, phenogamic (fe-no-gam'ik), a. 
ified by tlie genus Pluicochcerus; the wart-hogs. [< phasnogam + -a-.] Pertaining to phno- 
gams; related to or of the nature of phamo- 
aving manifest flowers ; phanerogamous. 
Pliacochceridse. There ar 
hideous aspect, with deeply 
, as a subfamily oi 
phacochoerine, phacocherine (fak-o-ke'rin), a. 
_Of or pertaining to the Phacochteri'dx. nomenon. 
:'rus), a. [< Gr. 0a/of, dusky, 
, complexion.] Of a dark or 
dusky color. 
Sn'of Phaeodaria (fe-o-da'ri-a), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
0a(of, dusky, + fldof, form, + -ana.] The order 
Tripylese, containing the silicoskeletal radiola- 
rians regarded as a class of Bhisopoda, charac- 
terized by the constant presence of large dark- 
brown pigmented granules scattered irregular- 
ly round the central capsule and covering the 
greater part of its outer surface. Also called 
Cannopylea. 
phasodarian (f e-6-da'ri-an), a. and n. [< Phxo- 
daria + -an.'] 1. a. Of or pertaining to the 
Phseodaria; tripylean, as a radiolarian. 
II. . A member of the Phseodaria; a tripy- 
lean radiolarian. 
phaeodellum (fe-o-del'um), n. ; pi. pheeodella 
(-ft). [< NL. phxodium + dim. -ellum.] One 
of the large dark pigment-granules of a pho- 
Wart-hog (Phacochotrus africanus) dium. Hoeckel. 
ttseaBSssttas&AZ ^ 
called vlake-vark by the Dutch colonists. P. africanusor mass of dark-brown pigment charactenstic of 
xliani is the Abyssinian wart-hog or phacochoere, also the capsule of phaaodarian or tripylean radio- 
called halhif and haroja. Also written Phacochmts. larians. Haeckel. 
Tropic-bird (Phatthon xtlitrcits). 
a, the totipalmate foot. 
phaeton), ppr. of 0a^f(v, 
shine.] In ornith. , the only 
genus of Phaethon tides. There 
are 3 species, P. xtherewt, P. flavi- 
rostris, and P. rubricauda, inhabit- 
ing chiefly tropical seas, and known as 
tropic-birds. Also Phaeton and Ijeptunu 
Phaethontidae (fa-e-thon'ti-de), . pi. [NL., 
< Phaethon(t-) + -idas.~\ A family of totipalmate 
oceanic birds, of the order Steganopodes, typi- 
fied by the genus Phaethon; the tropic-birds. 
In general form and aspect they resemble terns, and the 
bill in particular is sternine. The plumage is chiefly white, 
varied with black, and tinted in some places with rose or 
pink ; the bill is red or yellow. The gular sac character- 
istic of birds of this order is rudimentary and almost com- 
pletely feathered. The tail is short, but the two mid- 
dle feathers are filamentous and extraordinarily prolonged 
beyond the rest. See Phaethon and tropic-bird. Also 
Phaetonidse. 
phaeton (fa'e-tou), n. [= Sp.faeton, < F. phae- 
ton, a phaeton, < L. Phaethon, < Gr. <S>at)av, son 
of Helios (the Sun), who obtained leave from 
his father to drive the chariot of the Sun, but. 
being unable to restrain the horses, was struck 
by Zeus with a thunderbolt and dashed head- 
long into the river Po: see Phaethon.'] 1. A 
high open four-wheeled carnage: as, a park 
phaeton; a mail phaeton. See cut on follow- 
ing page. 
