phase 
\Ve may congratulate ourselves on having reached a 
phntK of civilization in which the rights "f life and per- 
sonal lilierty no longer require Inculcating. 
;/. >/./!,./, Social statics, p. 1:11. 
That peculiar i>hii*e in the life of the (freek common 
nealths which intervenes lietwecn oligarchy and dcmuc- 
racy the age of the tyrannies. Knciir. Jlrit., XI. (M. 
2. Ill axti'u/i., tlio particular appearance prc- 
sented by the moon or by a planet at a given 
time; one of the recurring appearances of tin- 
moon or a planet in respect to the apparent 
form of the illuminated part of its disk. 
At nch times as these planets show their full phnutt 
they are found in be sphicrical, and only lose this figure 
by virtue of position to the sun, to whom they owe their 
light. Derham, Astro Theology, v. 1. 
Chief the planter, If he wealth desire. 
Should note the phase* of the ncklo moon. 
Hfiniiiier, The Sugar Cane, I. 
3. In physics, a particular value, especially at 
the zero of time, of the uniformly varying an- 
gular quantity upon which a simple harmonic 
motion, or a simple element of a harmonic mo- 
liou, depends. The position of the moving object may 
be expressed by means of a sum or Hums of term* of the 
form A sin (M i c), where / is the time. The value of 
M. + c, at any instant, especially when t = 0, Is the 
phase. Two simple harmonic motions A sin (lit + c) and 
M sin (lit + n) are said to dltfer in phase, meaning that 
there is a constant difference In their contemporaneous 
phases. 
The distance whereby one set of waves is In advance of 
another is called the difference ot phase. 
SpoUinmode, Polarisation, p. 82. 
We have within the annalar regions two electro-motive 
forces at right angles, and differing in phone. 
Science, XIII. 100. 
phase 2 , . f. A bad spelling of faze. 
phasel, . See/oseP. 
phaseless (faz'les), a. [(phasel + -less.] Un- 
changing: devoid of change in aspect or state. 
A I>IHI*-II-<:< and unceasing gloom. 
/'" . Tale of the Ragged Mountains. 
Phaseolese (fa-se-6'le-e), n. pi. [NL. (Bentham, 
1835), < FAoMOMM + -ex.} A tribe of legumi- 
nous plants of the suborder Papilionaccse, dis- 
tinguished by racemose or fascicled flowers, 
usually from the axils, stamens diadelphons or 
nearly so, two-valved pods, pinnate leaves of 
three entire or lobed leaflets, each with a pair 
of stipels, and twining or prostrate habit. It In- 
cludes ft suhtrihcs and 47 genera, of which the principal 
are Phamoltts (the type), Apinn, Butea, Cajanvi, Clitiiria, 
Dvlichoit, Erjilhrina, Galactia, Kennedya, Mucuna, Physo- 
stitjina, and lihynchogia. 
phaseolite (fa-se'o-Ht), n. [< Phascolus + -te 2 .] 
A generic name proposed by Unger, under 
which have been included various remains of 
fossil plants, principally leaves, which are sup- 
posed to belong to the Leguminosse, and some of 
which appear to be closely allied to the living 
genus Phaseolus, 
Phaseolus(fa-se'o-lus),. [NL. (Rivinus,1691), 
< L. plMseol'us, faseolus, also phaselus, faselus, 
(. Gr. 0<ioT//0c, also tftaorjo^o^, 0ao*/oXof, a Kind of 
bean: see phasel, /fl.se/ 3 .] A genus of legumi- 
nous plants, type of the tribe Phascolese and 
the subtribe Euphaseoleff, distinguished by the 
spiral keel, orbicular banner, longitudinally 
liearded style, and flowers clustered above the 
jniilille of the peduncle. There re about 60 species, 
widely dispersed through warmer regions, with about 100 
well-marked varieties due to long cultivation. They are 
twining or prostrate plants, with leaves of three leaflets, 
persistent striate stipules, white, yellowish, red, violet, or 
purplish flowers, ana long straight or curving pods. To 
this genus belong most of the beans of culinary use, for 
\\hirh see bean*, kidney-bean, haricot, and green gram 
(under gram*). P. multijlorvfi, the scarlet runner, is often 
cultivated for ornament. P. ptrennit, the wild bean-vine 
(see cut under /'"/). and P. diivrK\fvliwt, a trailing plant 
remarkable for its polymorphous leaves, with two other 
species, all purplish-flowered, are native to the eastern 
United States. See Strophnntylre. 
phases, M. Plural dpluHlt. 
Phasianella(fa"si-a-nerii), . [NL. (Lamarck), 
fern. dim. of L. plifixidiuiti, pheasant : 
ini/.] The typical genus 
of Plni.iiin<i Ilitlii; containing 
shells brilliantly polished 
and colored, calling to mind 
the tints of a pheasant, and 
hence MbOAdMMUM t-shi'lln. 
Phasianellidae (fa/si-a-uel'- 
i-de). i. pi. [NL.,< "Plmsi- 
iniclln + -ifiie.J A family of 
gastropods ; the pheasant- 
slii'lls. They are generallyranked 
as a subfamily, called Phanantl- 
liiite, of the family Turbinidee. 
They are distinguished by their 
nacreous shell. The species alxmud 
chiefly in the Australian seas. 
Phasianidae (fa-si-an'i-de), 
. rxTT s ri. i 
n.pl. [NL., < Pliamanua + 
4439 
-irlir.] A family of Risorial or gallinaceous 
birds containing tlio most magnificent repre- 
sentatives of tin- order tliillimi; as tlie peacock, 
all the various species of pheasants, the do- 
mestic hen, (lie turkey, and the guinea-fowl. 
The last two, respectively the American and the African 
representatives, are Mimetliiiri excluded as the type* of 
separate families. The Pharianid/r are specially charac- 
teristic of Asia and the islands zoologically related. There 
are alxmt 76 species, included in many genera. The lead- 
ing types are Pavo and Potyptedron, the peacocks and pea- 
rock-pheasants ; Argus or Anfiitianiu, the argus-pheas- 
ants; I'luuianut, the common pheasant*, such as have 
been Introduced in Europe; Chrytotophttjt or Thaumalea, 
the golden and Amhcrstian pheasants; I'vcraiia, the pu- 
cras pheasants ; Crosmptilon, the eared or mow pheasants ; 
Kuplncamut, the macartneys, flrebacks, kaleege*, and sil- 
ver pheasants ; Lophiiphont*, the monauls or impeyans ; 
Crriarnit, the tragopans, satyrs, or honied pheasants; 
Oalliu, the domestic cock and hen, descended from the 
jungle-fowl; Ithayinis, the hlood-nheaaanta ; Melratirix, 
tin- turkeys of America; and Numida, Gutttm, Acryttium, 
A'telaxtftt, and Phtuddu*, genera of African guinea-fowls. 
These genera are by Elliot grouped In no fewer than 
eight Bll bf am Illes /' volume, l.itphnphorirur, Melraffrintr, 
Phanianinff, Kuplttca/min, Gallinte, Aytlaitliiur, and JVu- 
mnlinH-. See further under Phasuiiius and pheasant. 
Phasianinse (fa"si-a-ni'ne), n.pl. [NL., < 1'lui- 
fi/iiiiiin + -JH/B.] The Pliaxianidse, exclusive of 
the Pavoninse, .Mi'li'iujrinse, and Numidime, or 
still further restricted to forms resembling the 
genus Phaxianus; the pheasants proper. Some 
authors compose the subfamily of five genera 
Phasiantis, Tltaumalea, Euj>loca>ni<s, Lobioplia- 
sis, and Ithaginis. 
phasianine (fa'si-a-nin), a. Of or pertaining 
to the Pliasiauinte. 
Phasianomorphae (fa-si-a-no-m&r'fe), n. pi. 
tNL., < Gr. <paaiav6f, a pheasant, + fu>p<$, form.] 
n Sundevall's system of classification, a cohort 
of GaUinse, composed of the pheasants proper, or 
Phasianidee, with the guinea-fowls, partridges, 
quails, and hemipodes ( Tnrnicidse). 
phasianomorphic (fa-si-a-no-mdr'fik), a. [< 
PliaxiantHitorplue + -ic.] Of or pertaining to 
the Plutsianomorplise. 
Phasianurus (fa'si-a-nu'rus), n. [NL. (Wag- 
ler, 1832), < Gr. gooiMwrff. a pheasant, + ovpa, 
tail.] A genus of AnatiAte: same as Dafila. 
Phasianus (fa-si-a'nus), n. [NL., < L. phasta- 
nus,<. Gr.$aainv6f, a pheasant: see pheasant.'] 
pheasant 
other genera (Kuplocamwi and Tlintimalea). See further 
under phcaitni. 
phasic (fa'zik), a. [< /lAnw 1 + -ir.] Pertain- 
ing to or of the nature of a phase. 
Phasidus (fa-si'dus), . fNL. (Cassin, 1856), 
appar. irreg. < Gr. Qaa(iavA$), a pheasant, + 
form.] A notable genus of African guinea- 
fowls of the family \umidlda, having as type 
/'. niiji-r, the only species. The head is bare, 
the tarsi are spurred, and the plumage is black. 
phasis (fa'nis), n. ; pi. pint*/-.* (-sez). [ML. : see 
pAoAe 1 .] In outrun., a phase. 
phasm (fttxm), n. [< L. plt.?nia, < Gr. ipaa/ia, 
an apparition, < Qdtiv, ; shine : see pliaxei. Cf. 
ptaMHM.] Appearance; fancied apparition; 
phantom. [Rare.] 
Such phatmt, such apparitions, are most of those excel- 
lencies which men applaud In themselves. 
Decay of Christian Piety, p. 83. 
phasma (fas'ma), w. [NL., < li.phasma, < Gr. 
<jM<7n, an apparition : nee pIiasM.j 1. PI. phas- 
inata (-ma-tft). Same as pliasin . 2. [can.] A 
genus of gressorial or ambulatorial orthopte- 
rous insects, typical of the family Pltaamiiltr. 
Pheasant-shell \Pha 
Recvcs's Pheasant ( Phasianus or Syrmatifus 
reeveti). 
The typical genus of the family 
Phaianid and subfamily Phan- 
anitise, formerly ut- arly conterminous 
with the family, now restricted to 
such forms as Phasianus colchicus, 
the common pheasant, long domes- 
ticated in Europe. They have a much- 
lengthened tall, with long acuminate middle 
feathers, and the head crestless but provided 
with lateral tufts. At least Ifi species are com- 
monly referred to this genus (in several sec- 
tions, ranked by some authors as genera). One 
of the most remarkable is P. (Syrntatictu) 
renxri, of northern China, in which the tail 
reaches the maximum length of 5 or 6 feet. 
The plumage Is beautifully varied with black, 
white, chestnut, and golden yellow. P. (On- 
tretu) tenUicfti is the cheer, or Wallich's pheas- 
ant, of the Himalayas, with a long, broad tail 
and much-varied plumage. P. (Graphophasia- 
uwt) soemmfringi is Snmmering's pheasant, 
of Japan, with coppery-metallic plumage ana 
very long tail. /'. (CWopAtmu) rUMi is a gor- 
geously colored pheasantof the mountains near 
Mngpo, in rhlna. Certain green -breasted 
pheasants, as P. crrsicvlor of Japan and P. elegant of China, 
form a small group. Ring-necked pheasants, as P. insig- 
nix and /'. wonyvlictu, have a white ring around the neck. 
The above-named approach more and more nearly to the 
ordinm-y pheasant as domesticated In Europe, of which the 
Turkestan P. tthaui is a near relative. The silver and 
golden pheasants, though long-tailed, are now placed In 
Phasma ntbicuntlHm, female. (One half natural size.) 
It formerly contained all the curious creatures known 
as walkinp-gticks, but is now. restricted to certain tropical 
forms. Lichttnstein, 1796. 
Phasmidae (fas'mi-de), n. pi. [NL. (Serville, 
1831), < Phasma + -te.] A family of Orthop- 
tera, typified by the genus Phasma, composing 
with the Afantidfe the series Gressoria or Am- 
bula toria . They are known as specten, leaf-insects, wallc- 
ing-leave*, vxUlciny-sticIrs, etc., from their extraordinary 
protective mimicry of the twigs and leaves upon which 
they live. The Ixxly is usually long and slender, and the 
wings, when not abortive, are foliaceous. A member of 
this family, Diapheromtrafemorata, is the common walk- 
ing-stick of the northern and eastern United States. See 
cut under Pha*ma. 
Phasmina (fas-mi'na), n.pl. [NL., < Phasma + 
-ittrt 2 .] A group of orthopterous insects corre- 
sponding to the family Phasmidie. 
Phasmomantis (fas-mo-mau'tis), . [NL., < 
Gr. (fdaua, an appearance. + paime, an insect 
so called: see Mantis.'] A genus of Mantidte, 
containing the common praying-mantis or rear- 
horse of the United States, P. Carolina. The fe- 
male is about three inches long, of a pale pea-green color ; 
the male is smaller, grayish, with dark-barred fore tibia;. 
See cut under Mantis. 
phassachatet (f as'a-kat), n. [< Gr. 6aoaa, a ring- 
dove, 4- axar>K, agate: see agate 2 .] The lead- 
colored agate. 
phaulographic (fa-lo-graf 'ik), a. [< Gr. ifraidoc, 
bad, worthless, + ypa^fiv, write.] Relating to 
bad or worthless literature. Haeckel. [Rare.] 
Ph. B. An abbreviation of the Latin (Middle 
Latin or New Latin) Philosophise Baccalaurevs, 
Bachelor of Philosophy. 
Ph. D. An abbreviation of the Latin (Middle 
Latin or New Latin) Philosophise Doctor, Doctor 
of Philosophy. 
pheasant (fez'ant), n. [Early mod. E. also 
phesant,fesant; < \lE.frsant, fesaiint (with ex- 
crescent t), earlier fesaun, < AF. fesaut, fe- 
saunt, OY.faisim, F.faisan = ~Pr.faisan,fayhan 
= Sp.faisan = Pg.feisSo = It. fayiano, fasano = 
D. Jazant = MLG. fasant,phasyan = MHG./n- 
K(in,fasant, G./nsaM(also OHG./rti7ion, MllG. 
pfasehan, pfasehuon, simulating htton, hen) O 
Bohem. Pol. lui:liant = Russ. bn:lnnitu, fii:anfi 
= Hung. fdt:d) = Dan. Sw. fasan, < L. phasi- 
OHHS (ML. fiiiiinniifi), m., also phaxiaiia, (., < Gr. 
