phenicin 
duced by the action of nitrosulphurie acid mi 
rarl>olie Mi-iil (phenol). 
phenicious (io-nisii'ns), </. [Prop, 'phenieeous; 
< L. /iim iiii-i'im, < Or. Qoiv'ntnn;, purple-red, < 
</x>i vi, purple: see plimi.r. \ Of Or pertaining to 
phenicin; of thecolorof phenicin. Also film m- 
CIIIIIS. 
phenicoptert, phoenicoptert (fen-i-kop'ter), . 
[< f.pffnicopten = 1'g. fli' i lii'ii/iii ni = It./' iii- 
<-iilli'i'il,fi-ilil'iinli I'll, <L. /i/ili liirn/ill i H.v.OJl 1 . i.wi v- 
Kcinrfpof, a bird, supposed to bo the flamingo, lit . 
red-fcuthereil, < 0omf (tjioivtn-), purple-red (see 
l>lirni.r), + TfTfpov, feather, wing.] A flamingo. 
He IVitellius] Wended together the livers of giltln c<l , 
tlie brains if phca.Hants and pcai neks, ('indues of jiheiu- 
ciititfi'x. ami the melts uf lampreys. 
//tiJrrn-iU, Apology, P. 381. 
Phenicopterus (fe-ui-kop'te-rus), n. See /'//- 
nimjiti >~ii*. 
phenix, phoenix 1 (fe'niks), n. [Formerly finis, 
but now i>liciiijc or phoenix, after the L. spelling; 
< MK. ./<!>,< AS../i-H<> = ])./( = MLC..JI- 
The name has no obvious connection with 0oi- 
v(f, purple-red, purple, red, also the palm, date- 
palm, date, also a kind of grass, etc., also [</).] 
a I'henician : see Phenician. It is by some iden- 
tified with Kgypt. bennu, a bird (supposed to be 
a small heron) sacred to Osiris, emblem of the 
soul, and also symbol of a certain cycle of 
time.] 1. In anc. Oriental myth., a wonderful 
liinl of great beauty, which, after living 500 or 
COO years in the Arabian wilderness, the only 
one of its kind, built for itself a funeral pile of 
spices and aromatic gums, lighted the pile with 
the fanning of its wings, and was burned upon 
it, but from its ashes revived in the freshness 
of youth . Hence the phenix often serves as an emblem 
of immortality. Allusions to this myth are found in the 
hieroglyphic writings, and the fable survives in popular 
forms in Arabia, Persia, and India. By heralds the phenix 
Is always represented in the midst of flames. 
Than the Brid Fenix comethe, and brennethe him self 
tu Askes. ilandeville, Travels, p. 48. 
Kor, as there is but one phoenix In the world, so there is 
but one tree in Arabia wherein she buyldeth. 
Lyly, Euphues (ed. Arber), p. 312. 
The bird pfurnix is supposed to have taken that name of 
this date tree (called In Greek <t>oin() ; for it was assured 
unto me that me said bird died with the tree, and revived 
of itself as the tree sprung again. 
Holland, tr. of Pliny, xiii. 4. 
Hence 2. A person of unique excellence; one 
of singular distinction or peerless beauty; a 
paragon. 
For Qod's love let him not be a phenix, let him not be 
alone. Latimer, 1st Sermon bef. Edw. VI., 1549. 
That incomparable Queene, most deservedly called the 
Phanix of her sex. Coryat, Crudities, I. 43. 
The Ilajl repaid me for my docility by vaunting meevery- 
where as the very phoenix of physicians. 
R. F. Burton, El-Medinah, p. BO. 
3. In enfant., the geometrid moth Cidaria ribe- 
si /i rin, whose larva feeds on the currant and 
gooseberry: a collectors' name in England. 
The small phenix is C. gilaceiita. Chinese phe- 
nix. Same as fvng-hicany. Phenix badge, a medal 
struck in the reign of Elizabeth about 15T4, bearing on the 
obverse a portrait of Elizabeth, and on the reverse a pht-nix 
in flames with cipher and crown al>ove. The inscriptions 
seem to refer to the plague then raging. It was probably 
worn by the immediate favorites and courtiers of Elizabeth. 
Phenix fowls. See Japanese long-tailed fowls, under 
Japanese. Phenix post. Seejxwtl. 
pheniX-Stone (fe niks-ston), M. An artificial 
stone in which furnace-slag is used iu place of 
sand. 
phenocryst (fe'no-krist), H. [< Gr.^m'veiv, show, 
+ K/n'OTfa/uor), crystal: see crystal.'] Oue of 
the prominent crystals In a porphyritic rock. 
phenogam, . Seeph&noi/itni. 
Phenogamia (fe-uo-ga'uii-a), u. pi. See I'tta- 
neniifitniin. 
phenogamic, phenogamous, n. See phteno- 
i/innii: iilncniii/ainnu.1. 
phenol (fe'uol), H. [< F. )>ln'not, said to be < Gr. 
yaivrii; shine, appear (but prob. < <t>oiv(ts), pnr- 
ple-red), 4- -<>/.] 1. Plienyl alcohol, C 6 H 5 OH, 
more commonly called carbolic acid. 2. The 
general name of a compound formed from ben- 
i substitution of 
i benzene jiucleus. 
ary alcohols, as they con- 
tain the uronp ('Oil, and all have weak acid properties. 
Phenol-camphor, camphorated phenol ; camphor com- 
bined with earlwlic acid. 
phonological, phrenological (fe-no-loj'i-kal), 
it. [< plif>u>lo<j-y + -ii'-al.} Pertaining to phe- 
nology. 
Ml I 
phenologist, phaenologist (fe-nol'o-jist). n. [< 
/i/iiiinliii/-i/ + -int.] OIK- who in fOMd in phe- 
nologv. \iiliin , X.XXIX. 1-. 
phenology, phaenology (fe-noi'o-ji), n. [Short 
for phenomenology, with a rertneted ppnc*- 
tion.] That branch of applied meteorology 
which (rents of the influence of i-linmtc on the 
rccnrreneeof the annual phenomena of animal 
anil vegetable life. 80 far as it concenis plant-growth, 
phenology is also a branch of botany, and records dates of 
building, le;illiiK, blooming, unit fruiting, in nniiT turi.i i . 
late these epochs witli tin attendant progress of meteoro- 
logieal conditions. AllloIlK till- Jillel R-lUl of alliliml III' , 
tlie migration of birds has been especially studied as a de- 
partment of phenology. 
phenomena. Plural of phenomenon 
phenomenal (fe-nom'e-nal), . [Also 
innl ; = l'\ /ilii'iniiiiiiiiil = Sp. fiiiiniKiial; as 
phenomenon + -at.] 1. Of, pertaining to, or of 
the nature of phenomena, or the appearances 
of things, as distinguished from the things in 
themselves; pertaining to the occurrences or 
changing phases of matter or mind. 
Mill, ... in holding that all knowledge ia only rela- 
tive and phenomenal, and that causation is merely inva- 
riable sequence, cuts at the roots of our belief both In 
matter and force. Dauaon, Nature and the Bible, p. 1SS. 
The basis of Flcbte's system is an absolute Ego, of which 
the Ego of consciousness is at best phenomenal. 
Veitch, Introd. to Uescartes'a Method, p. 1 \\iv. 
The Phenomenal Is the Real ; there is no other real that 
we can distinguish from it. 
11. Sidytridc, Methods of Ethics, p. 120. 
Thought must alter the phenomenal sequence, no donbt ; 
but so also does mere emotion, and again sensation. 
F. H. Bradley, Mind, XIII. 20. 
2. Of the nature of a phenomenon, or extraor- 
dinary fact in nature ; so surprising or extraor- 
dinary as to arrest the attention or excite won- 
der; impressively notable or important; be- 
yond what is common or usual; remarkable: 
as, the phenomenal growth of the United States ; 
a brain of phenomenal size.pnenomenal ideal- 
ism. Same as Berkeleian idealism (which see, under ideal- 
iftn\ 
II. n. That which is in the nature of a phe- 
nomenon. [Rare.] 
The greatness of the change is sufficiently hinted In the 
Vision of St. John : "I saw a new heaven and a new earth ; 
for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, 
and there was no more sea " (Rev. xxi. 1). In the matter 
of elementals, the new earth will be identical with the old ; 
in the matter of plienmnrnab, the new earth will be differ- 
ent from the old. Boardman, Creative Week, p. 289. 
phenomenalism (fe-nom'e-nal-izm), n. [= F. 
phenomenaliume ; &s pJtenomenal + -iswi.] The 
the real are identical that phenomena are the 
only realities. Also called externalism. 
Phenomenalism ... is that philosophy which holds 
that all existences, all possible objects of thought, are of 
two kinds only, external and internal phenomena ; or sen- 
suous objects, such as color, shape, hardness, or groups of 
these, and the unsensuous ideas we have of sensuous ob- 
jects. ./. C. Shairp, Culture and Religion, p. 58. 
phenomenalist (fe-nom'e-nal-ist), n. [< phe- 
iiinntnal-ixni + -M.] An adherent or disciple 
of phenomenalism. 
phenomenality (fe-nom-e-nal'i-ti), . [= F. 
pheiiomeiialite; as phenomenal + -ity.'] The 
character of being phenomenal, in either sense 
of that word. 
phenomenalize (fe-nom'e-nal-iz), v. t. ; pret. 
and pp. phenonienalised, ppr. phenomenalizing. 
[< phenomenal + -ize.~\ To represent as a phe- 
nomenon ; cause to figure as a phenomenon. 
His [Locke's] Integrity is also illustrated in hU acknow- 
ledgment of the unimaginable, and in this sense Incog- 
nizable, in our thought of Substance. He tries to ///.. 
nomenalize it ; but he tinds that it cannot be phenomenal- 
/.-"'. and yet that we cannot dispense with it. 
Eneyc. Brit., XIV. 70. 
phenomenally (fe-nom'e-nal-i), adv. 1. As a 
phenomenon ; as a mere phase or appearance. 
2. In an extraordinary or surprising manner 
or degree. 
phenomenism (fe-nom'e-nizm), n. [< phenom- 
CHIIII + -ixwi.] The doctrine or principles of 
the phenomenists. 
phenomenist (fe-nom'e-nist), n. [< phenome- 
non 4- -int.] One who believes only in what he 
observes, or in phenomena, having no regard 
to their causes or consequences; one who re- 
jects a priori reasoning or necessary primary 
principles; one who does not believe in an in- 
variable connection between cause and effect, 
but holds this to be nothing more than a habit- 
ually observed sequence. 
pheriomenize (fe-nom'e-mz), e. t.; pret. and pp. 
mcui-cil, ppr. phenomcHizinff. [< i>li< ninii- 
+ -('-< .] To bring into the world of ex- 
perience. 
phenyle 
phenomenological (fe-nom c-no-loj'i-kiil). a. 
[< pin nil/in mi in'j-i/ + -ir-iii.] Of or pertaining 
to piieiioiiienoli-}ry ; ivhited or relating to phe- 
nomenology. 
My metaphysic in psychological or phenvmrnvloyical 
metaphyslc "<"' > 
phenomenology (tV'-nom-e-nol'o-ji), . [= F. 
liltt'-iioiHi-iintin/i' = \'\f. I'l" mini' imliiijiii. ir. fai- 
v6/icva, phenomena, + -/; ',< '" ; ">'. speak: see 
-ology.\ A description or history of phenomena. 
phenomenon (t'e-nom'e-uon), .; pi. \iliiiiiiiin- 
na (-nil). [Fotmerij also /;//,<////'/. = F. 
/ilii'ito'iii' in =(i.pliiiiu>iiiin = Sw../i-H;r = I);in. 
I'liinimen = 8p. fenomeno = It. ft inriiii no = Pg. 
/iln nomeno, < JJL.pliH /////'", < (ir. q>an>6/ifvmi, 
pi. $aiv6tu-va, that which appeurH or is seen, 
nent . of p:iss. part, of paivciv, shine, show, pass. 
QaiveoOai, appear, < y <jxn', extended form of 
V/^a = Skt. lihd, shine: see />//.', fitn-i, etc. 
Of. phantasm, phantom, phantasy, fancy, etc.] 
1. Inphilox., an appearance or immediate ob- 
ject of experience, asdistiuguished from a thing 
in itself. 
How pltif nil and ridiculous are the grounds upon which 
such men pretend to account for the lowest am) common- 
est phamomena of nature without recurring to a Uod and 
Providence ! South, Sermons, IV. ix. 
The term appearance Is used to denote not only that 
which reveals itself to our observation, as existent, lint 
also to signify that which only seems to be, In contrast to 
that which truly Is. There is thus not merely a certain 
vagueness in the word, hut It even Involves a kind of con- 
tradiction to the sense in which It is used when employed 
for phanomenon. In consequence of thin, the term * 
not/union has been naturalized In our language as a philo- 
sophical substitute for the term appearance. 
Sir W. Bamttton, Metaph., viii. 
A phenomenon, as commonly understood, is what Is 
manifest, sensible, evident, the implication being that 
there are eyes to see, ears to hear, and so forth. 
J. Ward, Encyc. Brit., XX. 38. 
And do we need any more evidence to convince us that 
phenomena by which I mean the effects produced upon 
our consciousness by unknown external agencies are all 
that we can compare and classify, and are therefore all 
that we can know? J. FiOre, Cosmic Philos., I. 20. 
2. In science, a fact directly observed, being 
either (a) an individual circumstance or occur- 
rence, such as the emergence of a temporary 
star, or more usually (6) a regular kind of fact 
observed on certain kinds of occasion, such as 
the electrical sparks seen in combing the hair 
of some persons in cold, dry weather. 
In fiction, the principles are given, to find the fact* ; 
in history, the facts are given, to find the principles ; and 
the writer who does not explain the phenomena as well as 
state them performs only one half of his office. 
Macaulay, History. 
We do not inquire respecting this human nature what 
are the laws under which its varied phenomena may be 
generalized, and accommodate our acts to them. 
H. Spencer, Social Statics, p. 607. 
Last night we watched from our roof that lovely phe- 
nomenon, the approach of Venus to the moon. 
J. F. Clarke, Self-Culture, p. 119. 
3. Any extraordinary occurrence or fact in 
nature; something strange and uncommon; a 
prodigy ; a very remarkable personage or per- 
former. 
"This, sir," said Mr. Vincent Crummies, bringing the 
Maiden forward, "this is the infant phenimeniin, Miss 
Ninetta Crummies." Dietem, Nicholas Nickleby, xxiii. 
Chess-board phenomenon, the effect produced by cross- 
ing the visual axes in front of a chess-board or other simi- 
lar object, so that there Is a partial superposition of the 
images in the two eyes, and an appearance as if the objects 
were nearer and smaller. Entoptic phenomena. See 
entaptie. Leldenfrost phenomenon. See spheroidal 
condition, under ipheroidai Peltier's phenomenon. 
See Pettier e feet (under e/ect\ and thermo-electricity. = Syn. 
3. Prodigy, marvel, wonder. 
phenozygOUS (fe-noz'i-gus), a. K Gr. t^aivciv, 
show, + Ct'j-ov, yoke: see yoke.] ^laving, as a 
skull, the zygomatic arches visible directly 
from above; having the bizygomatic diameter 
greater than the maximum transverse frontal 
diameter, and the angle of Quatrefages posi- 
tive. 
phenyl, phenyle (fe'nil), n. [< F. phenyle; as 
]ihen(ol) + -y?.] An organic radical (CcH 5 ; in 
the free state, CjoHjo) found in phenol (or car- 
bolic acid), benzol, and aniline. It crystallizes from 
alcohol In colorless nacreous scales of an agreeable odor, 
which melt at 70* C. and sublime at a higher temperature. 
- Phenyl brown. See brotm. 
phenylamide (fe-nil-am'id or -id), n. [(.phenyl 
+ amiitc."] A compound formed by the sub- 
stitution of one or more amido-groups for the 
hydrogen of benzene. The phenylamides are very 
feeble bases. The most Important commercially Is ani- 
line. 
phenylamine (fe-nil-am'in), H. [< phenyl + 
a mini:'] Same as aiiilhn. 
phenyle, . See phenyl. 
