4466 
only botanic remedies, discarding those which 
are poisonous. 
physionotrace (tiz-i-on'o-tras), n. [F., < phy- 
.ii/)ii(i(ii/ic), physiognomy, + trace, trace.] 
instrument for tracing the outlines of a f: 
An 
ace. 
physiography 
ipeiv, write.] A word of rather variable mean- 
ing, but, as most generally used, nearly or quite 
the equivalent otphygicalgeograpky (which see, 
under physical). Also called geophysics, 
This term [physical geography] as here used is synony- 
mous with Phiisioi/faiihy, which has been proposed in its 
stead. (Jfi'A-jV, Elem. Lessons in Phys. Geog.,p. 3, note. 
[For the use of the word physiography by Huxley, as mean- 
ing a peculiar kind of physical geography, see the follow- 
ing quotation. 
The attempt to convey scientific conceptions without 
the appeal to observation which can alone give such con- 
ceptions firmness and reality appears to me to be in di- 
rect antagonism to the fundamental principle! of scien- 
tific education. Physiography has very little to do with 
this sort of "Physical Geography." 
Huxley, Physiography (2d ed.), vii.] 
Microscopic physiography. Same as lilhology or pe- 
trography: a term thus far used only in the translation 
from the German of an important work by Rosenbusch, 
bearing the title "Mikroskopische Physiographic." 
physiolatry (fiz-i-ol'a-tri), n. [< Gr. fvoif, na- 
ture, + ?MTp?ia, worship.] The worship of the 
powers or agencies of nature ; nature-worship. 
A pantheistic philosophy based on the physiolatry of 
theVedas. M. Williams. 
physiologer (fiz-i-ol'p-jer), . [< physiolog-y + 
-er 1 .] A physical philosopher, or philosopher 
of the Ionic school. See Ionic. 
The generality of the old pliisiologers before Aristotle 
and Democritus did pursue the atomical way, which is to 
resolve the corporeal phenomena, not into forms, quali- 
ties, and species, but into figures, motions, and pliancies. 
Cudworth, Intellectual System, p. 171. 
The earliest philosophers or phyoiologen had occupied physiotypy (fiz'i-o-ti-pi), n. [< Gr. fatt, na- 
themselves chiefly with what we may call cosmology. ture, + ri'Trof, type.] bame as nature-printing. 
Encyc. Brit., XVIII. 792. Physiphora (fi-zif 'o-ra), n. Same as Physopli- 
physiologic (fiz*i-o-loj'ik), a. [= F. physio- ora, 2. 
physique (fi-zek'), *. [< F. physique, m., natu- 
ral constitution, physique : aeephysic.] Phys- 
ical structure or organization, especially of a 
human being. 
for tracing 
Chretien, in 1786, had invented an instrument which he 
denominated the physionotrace, by which the profile out- 
line of a face could be taken with mathematical precision, 
both as to figure and dimensions. 
The Century, XXXVIII. 779. 
physiophilosophy (fiz"i-o-fi-los'o-fi), . [< Gr. 
0('<7<f, nature, + <J>i%oao<j>ta, philosophy.] The 
philosophy of nature. 
physiophyly (fiz-i-of i-li), . [< Gr. <piaif, na- 
ture, -r 0L'/oi>, a tribe : seeph yliiiii, /ihylc.] The 
tribal history of function; that branch of phy- 
logeny which treats of function alone, without 
reference to form, the tribal history or phylo- 
geny of which latter Haeckel calls morp]t(tj>hyly. 
Physiophyly, . . . the tribal history of the functions, or 
the history of the palaxmtological development of the vi- 
tal activities, has, in the case of most organisms, not yet 
been examined. In the case of man, a large part of the 
history of culture falls under this head. 
Haeckel, Evol. of Man (trans.), I. 24. 
physiosophic (fiz"i-o-sof'ik), a. [< phys-ioso- 
)ih-y + -ic.] Pertaining to physiosophy. 
physiosophy (fiz-i-os'o-fi), n. [< Gr. Qi'otc., na- 
ture, + auijtla, wisdom.] A doctrine concerning 
the secrets of nature. 
Fanciful ideas of the vaguest kind of physiosophy. 
(f anther, Encyc. Brit., XX. 437. 
Of or pertaining to physiology. 
In early society, incest laws do not recognize physiologic 
conditions, but only social conditions. 
J. W. Powell, Science, IV. 472. 
So method is more alluring in physiologic studies than 
this of accurate measurement and description. 
N. A. Rev., CXXVI. 553. 
physiological (fiz"i-o-loj'i-kal), a. [< physio- 
logic + -al.] Of a physiologic character. 
The Mosaical philosophy in the physiological part there- 
of is the same with the Cartesian. 
Dr. H. More, Def. of Philosophic Cabbala, App. i. 8. 
The most characteristic physioloijical peculiarity of the 
plant is its power of manufacturing protein from chemi- 
cal compounds of a less complex nature. 
Huxley, Anat. Invert., p. 47. 
Physiological antidote, an antidote of opposite phar- 
macodynamic properties to the poison. Physiological 
DOtany. chemistry, illusion, optics, etc. See the nouns. 
Physiological test, the test for a poison of giving the 
suspected suDstanue to some living animal. Physiologi- 
cal time, the entire interval of time between an impres- 
sion on ai i organ of sense and the muscular reaction ; re- 
action-time. 
physiologically (flz'i-94oj'i-kal-i), adr. Ac- 
cording to the principles of physiology; as re- 
gards physiology. 
physiologist (fiz-i-ol'o-jist), . [= F, physiolo- 
gists = Sp. fisiologinta = Pg. physMoijista ; as 
physiolog-y + -ist.] One who is versed in 
physiology. 
phy" ' 
physiplogize (fiz-i-ol'o-jiz), v. i.; pret. and pp. 
physioloyized, ppr. paygtologizing. [< physiol- 
og-y + -ize.] To reason or discourse of the na- 
ture of things. 
They who first theologized did physioloyizc after this 
manner. Cudworth, Intellectual System, p. 120. 
physiology (fiz-i-ol'o-ji), n. [Formerly also 
iu, 
phisiohgie; < F. physiologic = Sp. fisiologia = 
Pg. physiologia = It. fisiologia, < L. 
< Gr. (pvaiohoyta, natural philosophy, 
(> L. physiologus), discoursing of nature, as a 
noun a natural philosopher, < tpimc., nature (see 
phys-ic), + -/loyi'a, < Myeiv, speak : see -ology.] 
If. Natural philosophy. 
The unparalleld Des Cartis hath unridled their dark 
physiology and to wonder solv'd their motions. 
Glam-ille, Vanity of Dogmatizing, xviii. 
2. The sum of scientific knowledge concerning 
the functions of living things. The subject com- 
prises two grand divisions, namely anitnal and vegetable 
physiology; when specially applied to the functions in 
man, the term human physiology is used. 
Physiology is the science of vital power. 
Huxley and Youmans, Physiol., 370. 
physiomedicalism (fiz"i-o-med'i-kal-izm), n. 
[< Gr. 0i'mf, nature, + E. medical + -ism.'] The 
doctrines or practices of the physiomedicalists. 
physiomedicalist (fiz"i-o-med'i-kal-ist), H. [< 
Gr. 0i'<T<f, nature, + E. medical + -ist.] An ad- 
herent or practitioner of that school of medi- 
cine which, in its treatment of disease, uses 
Out of this strong, ancient, and far-spreading root of 
domestic piety the powerful physique and the healthy 
mental and moral nature of the Roman grew. 
Faiths of the World, p. 191. 
physitheism (fiz'i-the-izm), . [< Gr. 0i><7<f, na- 
ture, + feof, God, + -ism.'] The attribution of 
physical or bodily form to the Deity. 
physitheistic (fiz"i-the-is'tik), a. [< Gr. fvatf, 
nature, + ftrdf , God, + -istec.] Of or pertaining 
to physitheism. Pop. Sci. Mo., XXXVI. 208. 
physiurgic (fiz-i-er'jik), a. [< Gr. fvotc., nature, 
-f- ipyov, work. Cf. thetirgie.] See the quota- 
tion. 
Thus Natural History and Natural Philosophy are re- 
spectively represented by Physiurgic Somatology and An- 
thropurgic Somatology : the one signifying the science of 
bodies, in so far as operated upon in the course of nature, 
without the intervention of man ; the other, the science 
of bodies so far as man, by his knowledge of the convert- 
ible powers of nature, is able to operate upon them. 
Boiering, in Int. to Beutham's Works, 6. 
physnomyt (fiz'no-mi), . Same as physiog- 
nomy. 
Physocalymma (fi"so-ka-lim'a), n. [NL. (Pohl, 
1827), < Gr. tpvoa, a bladder, + na).v/i/M, a cover- 
ing (calyx): see Calymma.] A genus of poly- 
petalous trees of the order Lythrarieee and tribe 
Ly threes, characterized by the change of the four- 
celled ovary in fruit into a small one-celled and 
many-seeded thin-walled capsule, inclosed with- 
in the enlarged bladdery calyx. The only species, 
P. fioribundum, is a Brazilian tree with opposite oblong 
roughish leaves and ample terminal loose-flowered purple 
panicles. Each flower is composed of two broad concave 
bracts which at first inclose the roundish flower-bud, an 
eight-toothed and bell-shaped purple calyx, eight wavy 
petals, and a row of twenty-four long stamens bearing 
curved versatile anthers. The beautifully striped rose- 
colored wood is the tulip-wood of English cabinet-makers, 
also known as Brazilian pinktoood. See tulip-U'ood. 
physocele (fi'so-sel), . [< Gr. pvaa, breath, 
wind, air-bubble, + Kt/^r/, tumor.] A hernia 
containing gas. 
physoclist (fl'so-klist), n. and a. I. n. A mem- 
ber of the I'hysoclisti. 
II. a. Same as physoclistous. 
Physoclisti (fl-so-klis'ti), n. pi [NL., pi. of 
"physoclistus : see pJtysoelistous.] In ichth.. a 
group of teleost fishes having the duct be- 
tween the air-bladder and the intestine closed : 
opposed to I'liysostomi. it includes the acanthopte- 
rygiaii fishes, and also the synentognathous fishes, the sub- 
brachial and jugular malacopterygians, the lophobran- 
chiates, and the plectognaths. In Cope's system of clas- 
sification it is a primary group of actinopterotis fishes with- 
out a pneumatic duct, with the parietal bones separated 
by the supraoccipital, and the ventrals thoracic or jugular 
and without basilar segments. 
physoclistic (fi-so-klis'tik), a. Same as physo- 
i-lixtotin. Encyc. Brit., XVI. 671. 
physoclistous (fi-so-klis'tus), a. [< NL. "pliy- 
soclistus, < Gr. <j>voa, bellows, + lAeiarvf, that 
maybe closed, < HAeieiv, close : see close 1 . ~\ Hav 
physophorous 
ing no air-bladder, or having the air-bladder 
closed, as a fish ; belonging to the Pliysoclisti, or 
having their characters. 
Physograda (fi-sog'ra-da), . pi. [NL., neut. 
gl. of physogradtts : see physogrttde.] 1 . In De 
lainvilie's classification of acalephs, a group 
of oceanic hydrozoans, provided with hollow 
vesicular organs which buoy them up and en- 
able them to float. 2. In a restricted sense, 
an order or suborder of siphonophorous hydro- 
zoans, represented by such forms as the Physa- 
liiilse: distinguished from the Cltondrograda, as 
Velellidse. See cut under Pliynalia. 
physograde (fi'so-grad), . and n. [< NL. pliy- 
mMjradiix, < Gr. ipvaa, bellows, + L. gradi, step, 
walk, go.] I. . Moving by means of a vesicu- 
lar float or buoy; of or pertaining to the Pliy- 
sograda. 
II. n. A member of the Physograda. 
physohematometra, physohaematometra (fi- 
so-heui"a-tc3-me'tra), . [NL.,< Gr. Qiiaa, a bub- 
ble, + a!ja(r-), blood, + ui/rpa, uterus.] The 
S/esence of blood and gas in the uterus. 
ysohydrometra (fi-so-hi-dro-me'tra), . 
" [NL., < Gr. 0i'(ja, a bubble, + Map (Mp-), water, 
+ ftr/rpa, uterus : see hydrometra 2 .] The pres- 
ence of gas and serum in the uterus. 
physoid (fi'soid), a. [< NL. Physa, q. v., + Gr. 
f (itof , f orm . ] Of or relating to the Physida ; like 
the Pliysidse, although not of that family ; phys- 
iform. 
Physolobium (fi-so-16'bi-um), n. [NL. (Hue- 
gel, 1837), < Gr. (fivaa, bellows, + /lo/3of, a pod, 
lobe : see lobe.] A section of the plant-genus 
Kennedya. ' See liladder-pod. 
physometra (fl-so-me'tra), n. [NL., < Gr. <j>vaa, 
a bubble, + /if/rpa, uterus. ] The presence of gas 
in the uterus. 
Physqmycetes (fi"so-ml-se'tez), n. pi. [NL., < 
Gr. <j>iiaa, bellows, + fivKqi;, pi. fiim/Tef, a fungus, 
mushroom.] A small section of Fungi, char- 
acterized by the total absence of a hymenium, 
and by the vesicular fruit inclosing an indefi- 
nite number or mass of sporidia. Also called 
Vesiculiferi. 
Physonota (fi-so-no'ta), . [NL. (Boheman, 
1854), < Gr. ijivaa, bellows, -I- viirof, back.] An 
American genus of 
leaf -beetles or chryso- 
melids, with about 50 
species, characterized 
by having the third 
antennal joint longer 
than the second, and 
the fourth equal to the 
third, p. unipunctata,\vr. 
quinquepunctata, is the so- 
called five-spotted tortoise- 
beetle, whose larva has 20 
smooth spines and feeds on 
the leaves of sunflowers. 
Physophora (fi-sof'o-ra), . [NL., < Gr. 
bellows, + -<t>6po(, (tyepetv = E. Sear 1 .] 1. The 
typical genus of Physophoridse, containing such 
species as P. hydrostatica, which float by nu- 
merous vesicular organs. 2. Inentom., agenus 
of dipterous insects. Also Physiphora. Fallen, 
1810. 3. [Used as a plural.] Same as Physo- 
phoree. 
Physophorae (fi-sof'o-re), n. pi. [NL., pi. of 
Pnysophora.] An order of siphonophorous 
oceanic hydrozoans, having the proximal end 
modified into a float or pneumatophore (as dis- 
tinguished from a somatocyst). They are mostly 
monoscious, and are sometimes provided with nectocaly- 
ces, and the polypites are united by an unbranchedor lit- 
tle-branched coenosarc, of filiform, globular, or discoidal 
shape. The group is contrasted with Calycophors, as one 
of two orders of Siphonophora, and contains a number of 
families, as Physophoridie and others. Also written Phy- 
sophora, Fhysophorida, Physophoridse. See cuts under hy- 
dranth, hydrophyllium, and Hydrozoa. 
physophoran (fl-sof 'o-rau), a. and n. [< Phy- 
sophora + -an.] I. a. Of or pertaining to the 
( Lines sho 1 
II. n. A member of the order Physophorse; 
a physophorous hydrozoan. 
physophore (fi'so-for), . [< NL. Physophora.] 
Same as pliysophoran. 
Physophorida (fi-so-for'i-da), . pi. [NL., < 
Physophora + -ida.] Same as Physophorae. 
Physophoridae (fi-so-for'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Physophora + -idee.] 1. A family of physoph- 
orous hydrozoans, represented by the genus 
Physopltora ; one of several families of the or- 
der Pnysophorce. See cuts tinder /ii/dranth. liy- 
drophyl/ium, and Hydrozoa. 2. Same as Phy- 
sophorx. 
physophorous (fi-sof'o-rus), a. [< Plujsophora 
+ -ous] Same as physojriioran. 
