pigment-granule 
structureless masses of which pigment usually 
consists, 
pigmentless (pig'in<;nt-les). n. [< pigment + 
-/c.s.v.J Free from pigment : destitute of color- 
iug matter, 
pigment-molecule (pi^'mtini -mol'e-kul), . 
Same as IHI/IIII iil-t/riiiiiilf. 
pigmentosa (pig-men-to'sii). . [NL., fern. 
' IHI/IIII ii/nx/is: see /lit/nit 'ii Inm.] Same as 
tn in. 
pigmentose (plg'men-tos), a. [< NL. *>/<// - 
/o.s-u.v, < lj. /</(/ ///i, pigment: see /ni/iiiinl.\ 
Full Of pifTlllelll. 
pigmentous (pig'men-tus), a. [< pigment + 
-tuts. ] Same as pii/iiii-iiliuw. 
pigment-printing '(pitf'inciit-prin ting), . A 
stylo, of calico-printing in which ordinary pig- 
ments are mechanically lixed on the fabric by 
means of albuminous cement. K. II. Kiin/hl. 
pigment-spot (pi^'ment -spot). . 1. A definite 
pigmeiiteil spot, or circumscribed pigmentary 
area; specifically, the so-called eye-spot of cer- 
tain animalcules, as infusoriansand rotifers. 
2. In hot., a reddish or brownish spot present 
in certain spores. 
pig-metal (pig'mefal), n. Metal in pigs, as it 
is produced from the ore in the first operation of 
smelting. Fig-metal scales, a pair of scales arranged 
for weighing pig-metal. An irun truck of proper dimen- 
sions to receive a furnace-charge traverses on rails upon 
the platform of the scales. 
pigmeyt, An obsolete form of ]>i/i/ in i/. 
pigmy, n. See /'.'/.'/'"// 
pignerate, c. /. Sec /lii/mtrnti'. 
pignon (pm'yon), n . [< F. pignon, the kernel 
of a pine-cone, also a gable, gable-end, = 8p. 
piflon = Pg. pinh&o, the kernel of a pine-cone, 
< li.pinea, a pine-nut, pine-cone, pine: see^ine- 
a/.] 1. An edible seed of the cones of certain 
pines, as Pinna Pinea, the nut- or stone-pine of 
southern Europe. 2. In arch., a gable: the 
usual French architectural term, sometimes 
used in English. 
pignorate, pignerate (pig'no-, -ne-rat), v. t.; 
pret. and pp. /lii/itomtnl, pigneratea, ppr.nigno- 
fiiling, jtigncrating. [< L. pigneratun (ML. also 
pignoratus), pp. of pignerare (ML. also piano- 
rare), pledge, pignerari, take as a pledge (> It. 
pignorare = Pg. penhorar = OF. pignorer, 
pledge), < pignus (pigncr-, pignor-), a pledge: 
see pignus.] 1. Topledge; pawn; mortgage. 
2. To take in pawn, as a pawnbroker. Bloinit. 
pignorate (pig no-rat), a. [< ML. pignoratits, 
pp.: see the verb.] Pignorative. 
Pignorate and hypothecary rights were unknown as 
rights protected by action at the time now being dealt 
with. Encyc. Brit., XX. 690. 
pignoration (pig-no-ra'shon), n. [= OF. pi- 
t/iioration, < ML. pignoratio(n-), LL. pignera- 
tio(n-), a pledging, pawning, < L. pignerare, pp. 
pigneratits, pledge: see pignorate.] 1. The act 
of pledging or pawning. 2. In civil law, the 
holding of cattle that have done damage as se- 
curity till satisfaction is made. See pignus. 
pignorative (pig'no-ra-tiv), a. [= F. pignora- 
lif= Sp. pignoratii'o = Pg. pennorativo = It. 
pignorativo, < ML. *pignorativus, < pignorare, 
pp. pignoratus, pawn, pledge: see pignorate.'] 
Pledging; pawning. Bouvier. [Bare.] 
pignus (pig nus), n. [< L. pignus (pigner-, pig- 
itor-), a pledge, < \/ ' pae, in pangere, fix, fasten, 
pacisci, agree, contract.] A pledge ; the deposit 
of a thing, or the transfer of possession of it 
or dominion over it, as security for the perform- 
ance of an obligation. The essential idea In the Ko- 
man and civil law is the putting of property, whether of 
a chattel, or land, or territorial jurisdiction (or servants 
or children, when they are regarded as property), under 
the hand of the 1 Tcditor or pledgee as security, so that, 
although the right of the owner was not extinguished, 
the creditor or pledgee could enforce his claim without 
legal proceedings or any effort to gain possesMo.i , and 
this is also the essential idea in pawn and also in the 
strict use of ;rfo/;w ; while hypothec and mortgage imply 
that the owner retains possession, and that the' creditor 
has only a right of action, or a right to demand possession 
in the contingencies agreed on. 
pignut (pig'nut), it. 1. Same as haickiiHt. 
I with my long nails will dig thee pig-mitt. 
Shak., Tempest, ii. 2. 172. 
Jtrtt Sold. Fight like hogs for acorns! 
See. Sold. Venture our lives for pig-nutt ! 
Fletcher, Bonduca, I. 2. 
2. The fruit of a North American tree, the 
brown hickory. Hicnrin i/lnhni (Cnri/ti /ion-ilia); 
also, the tree itself. The nut is thin-shelled, oily, at 
first sweet, then bitterish; it is eaten by swine. Tliew(ul 
is very tough and is used like that of the shcllbark, though 
the tree is not so large. 
There are also several sorts of hickories, called pig nut*. 
some of which have as thin n shell as the best French wal- 
4483 
nuts, and yield their moil very easily ; they are all of the 
walnut kind. Bemriey, Virginia, II. U 14. 
3. The fruit of Otitplttilra triandra and O. di- 
iniili-ii. of the West Indies and South America. 
The kernel with the embryo removed Is edible, and yields 
(one species at least) a fine limpid oil. In Guiana a species 
of Omphalfa affords an oil said to be admirably adapted 
for lubricating, there called mabevil. Also called eoonut 
and breadnut. 
pig-pen ( pig'pen), n. A pen for pigs i ; a pigsty. 
pig-rat (pig'rat), n. The large bandicoot-rat of 
India, NtteUa liniiilimlii. See cut ttXesokia. 
pigroot (pig'riit), . Any plant of the genus 
SMyrfMMMM. 
pigsconce (pig'skons), n. A pig-headed fellow ; 
a blockhead. 
Ding. He Is 
Vopig-feonce, mistress. 
Secret, lie has an excellent headpiece. 
Mammjrr, City Madam, III. 1. 
These representatives of ihe pig-tconcct of the popula- 
tion judged by circumstances ; airy shows and seems had 
no effect on them. O. Meredith, The Egoist, xxxvil. 
pig's-face (pigz'fas), M. A plant. See .Mi-xi m- 
pigskin (pig'skin), n. 1. The skin of a pig, 
especially when prepared for saddlery, binding. 
or other purposes. 2. A saddle. [Colloq.] 
He was my governor, and no better master ever sat In 
pig-skin. Dickeia. 
pigsneyt, pigsnyt (pigz'ni), n. [Also pigsnye, 
pigsnii ; < ME. piggesnye, piggesneyghe, lit. 
'pigVeye'; pigges, gen. of pigge, pig; neyghe, 
a variant, with attracted n of indef. art., of 
eyghe, etc., eye: see eye 1 .'] 1. A pig's eye: 
used, like eye and apple of the eye, to denote 
something especially cherished; hence, as a 
term of endearment used of or to a woman, a 
darling. 
She was a prlmerole, a piggcmye. 
Chaucer, Miller's Tale, 1. 82. 
Miso, mine own pigtnif, thou shall hear news of Dame- 
Us. Sir P. Sidney, Arcadia, III 
Thou art, 
As I believe, thevinmty of his heart. 
MaKringer, Picture, II. 1. 
2. An eye : applied to a woman's eye. [Humor- 
ous.] 
Shine upon me but benignly, 
With that one. and that other ptgtneg. 
S. Bvtler, Hudlbras, n. i. 660. 
3. The carnation pink. 
pigsticker (pig'stik'er), w. 1. A pork-butcher; 
a pig-killer. 2. A boar-hunter. [Anglo-In- 
dian.] 
Owing to the courage, horsemanship, and skill with his 
spear required in the pigsticker, ... it (chasing the wild 
boar] must be regarded as an admirable training for cav- 
alry officers. Athenxum, No. 3226, p. 256. 
3. A long-bladed pocket-knife. [Slang.] 
pigsty (pig'stl), n. ; pi. pigsties (-stiz). A sty or 
pen for pigs; a pig-pen. 
To go and lire In a pigtty onpnrpose to spite Wakem. 
George Eliot, Mill on the Floss, II. 8. 
pig'S-Wash (pigz'wosh), . Swill. 
Moral evil is unattainabillty of Pig's-wanh. 
Carlytt, Latter-Day Pamphlets, Jesuitism. 
pig's-wrack (pigz'rak). M. The Irish moss, 
Cnondrus crixpus: so called in England because 
boiled with meal and potatoes and used as food 
for pigs. 
pigtail (pig'tal), . 1. The tail of a pig. 2. A 
cue formed of the hair of the head, as distin- 
guished from that of the periwig. This was re- 
tained by certain classes, as the sailors of the British navy, 
after it had gone out of use in polite society. In this 
way it survived as late as 1825. Seei<i, 1. [Colloq.] 
Should we he so apt as we are now to compassionate the 
misfortunes, and to forgive the insincerity of Charles I,, if 
his pictures had portrayed him in a bob- wig and a pig-tail.' 
Bulicer, Pelham, xllv. 
Yonder still more ancient gentleman in powdered hair 
slowly along. 
W. Besant, Fifty Years Ago, p. 49. 
3. A person who wears a pigtail or cue. [Col- 
loq.] 4. Tobacco twisted into a rope or cord. 
I bequeath to Mr. John Qrattan ... my silver box in 
which the freedom of the city of Corke was presented to 
me; in which I desire the said John to keep the tobacco 
he usually cheweth, called pigtail. Sw\ft, Will. 
pigtailed (pig'tald), a. [< pigtail + -<*J2 ] 1. 
Having a tail like a pig's. 
The additions to the Zoological Society's Gardens dur- 
ing the past week include a PiytaOed Monkey. 
Nature, XL. 628. 
2. Wearing a pigtail or cue; having the hair 
done up into a cue. 
Dapur. I. e. the fortress of Tabor, of the Amorites, de- 
fended by piiitnilrrl 1 1 it tiles against Rameses II. 
Jmtr. Anthrnp. In*., XVIII. 229. 
and pigtail . . . walks slowly along. 
t, Fif 
pike 
Pigtailed baboon, the . -ha. -ma. Pigtailed macaque 
or monkey, M'tnti-n* tfinfflrinux of Java, Sumatra, Bor- 
neo, ami "i' M:il;c\ |i. niiiHiilii, having a short tall, 
pigweed ipij,''e,l), . 1. A plant, one df the 
no(>;.el'cit.-. t'lirini/HxIiiini iilliiini, also called 
lamVf^fM/rttn and ///i-/j. It is sometimes 
used as a pot-herb. The name extends more or 
less to other species of the genus. 2. The 
green amaranth. AiiuiriiMtii.* >< tintl/siui, a com- 
mon weed around stiosand barn-yards. Winged 
pigweed, a coarse branching herb, Cycbiloina platyjtJiiil- 
turn, found from the upi>er Mississippi westward, resem- 
bling goosefoot : but marked by a horizontal wing encir- 
cling the calyx In fruit. 
pigwiggint, pig-widgint, . [Also /'</<'.'/.'/' ,/(/- 
iridi/toit : appar. a fanciful name, prob. based 
on Puck or j'ixy.] A fairy; a dwarf; hence, 
anything very small : also used adjectively. 
Piffuriggrn was this fairy knight, 
One wond'rous gracious In the sight 
Of fair queen Mab. Draytan, Nymphldla, st 12. 
By Scotch Invasion to be made a prey 
To such pigiridgin myrmidons as they. 
Clraetlaml Ilrrirrd (IMKi). (Xarft.1 
pik (pik), n. A Turkish unit of length, a cubit. 
There are three chief piks the Stambouli or khalebl, the 
endazeh, and the beladi or massri. The longest Is the 
Stambouli, which Is 26.80 English Inches In c<intaiil!n<. 
pie (26.86 in Wallachla, 20.43 In Moldarla, and 26.65 In 
Kgypt). ITie plk endazeh varies from 25.06 Inches In Egypt 
to 25.70 In <'onstantinople. The pik lieladi is J2.21 Inches 
in Egypt. Formerly the law of Wallachla prescribed that 
the plk khalebl should be 2 feet 2 inches and 10 lines and 
the plk endazeh 2 feet 1 Inch and Mines English measure. 
pika (pi'ka), n. A small rodent quadruped of 
the genus Lagomyx, family Lagomyidee, belong- 
ing to the duplicidentate or lagomorphic series 
of the i;n<i< a i HI. inhabiting alpine regions of 
the northern hemisphere. It is of about the size of 
a rat, with soft fur, large rounded ears, and very short toll. 
There are several species. Also called calling-hare, little 
chief hare, rat-hare, and cony. See cut under Lagomys. 
pika-squirrel (pi'ka-skwur'el), n. A chinchilla; 
any species of the genus Chinchilla, 
If the foregoing (species of Lagidium] lie called rabbit- 
squirrels, the Chinchilla Itself (C. lanlgera) may be termed 
* pika squirrel. Stand. Xat. Hitt., V. 86. 
pike 1 (pik), n. [Early mod. E. alsopyke; < ME. 
pike, pyke, pyk, a sharp point, an iron point or 
tip of a staff or spear, a piked staff or spear, < 
AS. pic, in earliest form piic, a pike (glossing 
ML. ocisculnm for 'aciculum, a needle or pin), 
also in cornp. horn-pic, a peak, pinnacle (rare 
in all uses), = MD. pijcke, a pike, spear, later 
pieke, D. piek, a pike, spear, flourish with the 
pen, dash, = MLG. pek, LG. pelc, pick, a pike, 
spear, = G. pike, pieke, a pike, spear, spade 
at cards, piek, a spade at cards, = Sw. pik, a 
pike, spear, = Dan. pike, a pike, spear, pik, a 
pike, peak (naut.), = OF. pique, picque, a pike, 
spear, pikeman, spade at cards, F. pique, pike, 
spear, spade at cards, = Sp. Pg. pica, t., a pike, 
spear, pikeman, = Olt. pica, It. picca, a pike, 
spear, peak (ML. pica, a pike, spear, pickax) ; 
also Sp. pica, m .. sharp point, peak, top, point 
of land, pickax, spout, beak, bill, = Pg. pica, 
m., peak, top, summit, = Olt. pico } in., dim. 
picchio, an iron hammer, beetle, pickax, etc. 
(ML. picas, a hook) (the Teut. and Rom. forms 
and senses show more or less reaction); also 
in Celtic : Ir. pice, a pike, fork, = Gael, pic, a 
pike, spear, pickax, = W. pig, a point, pike, 
bill, beak, = Bret, pik, a pike, point, pickax ; cf . 
Ir.picidh, a pike, spear, pitchfork ; peac, a sharp- 
pointed thing, etc., whence ult. E. peak (see 
peak 1 ); prob. orig. with initial s, < L. spica, 
f., spicum, uent .. a point, ear of grain, top or 
t uft of a plant, LL. also a pin, whence ult. E. 
spike : see spike. Cf . pick 1 , tne forms pick 1 and 
pike 1 in noun and verb uses being more or less 
confused. Hence pike 1 , r., pike*, pike 3 , and, 
through OF. and F.,pike^a.nd pique, as well as 
pickefl, piquet, etc.] 1. A sharp point; a spike. 
specifically (a) A point of iron or other metal forming 
the head or tip of a staff or spear. (6) A central spike 
sometimes used In targets and bucklers, to which it was 
affixed by means of a screw, (c) In turning, a point or 
center on which to fasten anything to be turned. 
Hard wood, prepared for the lathe with rasping, they 
pitch between the piket. J. Motnn. 
(d) A thorn; a prickle. (e\) The pointed end of a shoe, 
such as were formerly in fashion, called pikrd thorn, era- 
cotes, etc. See cat under cracov. 
It was ordained In the Parliament of Westminster, anno 
146S. . . . " that no man weare shoes or boots having pike* 
passing two inches in length." 
J. Bryant, On Rowley's Poems. (Latham.) 
2. A staff or shaft having at the end a sharp 
point or tip, usually of iron or steel, specifically 
(at) Such a staff used in walking ; a pilgrim's staff ; a pike- 
staff. 
They were redy for to wende 
With pyke and with sclavyn 
As palmers were in Psynvm. 
Richard Coer de Lion, 1. 611. 
