Pileopsis 
Pileopsis (pil-e-op'sis), n. [NL. (Lamarck, 
1811!), < L. iiili'iix, /lilh'iis, a cap, + Or. WKJ. ap- 
pearance.] A ge- 
nus of bonnet- 
limpets of the 
family Calyptra- 
iVte, having the 
shell pileate in 
form, with round- 
ed aperture, pos- 
FooUcap-lunpet (Pilnftii kuHfarical. J^J-JQJ sliirall V T6- 
curved apex, and horseshoe-shaped muscular 
impression. P. huttgarica is a common European *pe- 
cle*, known as the Hungarian bonnet-limptt or foolscap- 
limpet. I'll/lulu* ii a synonym. 
pileorhiza (pil'e-o-ri'zii), .; pi. pileorhiza 
(-ze). [NL., < IJ. pileus, "pilleus, a cap, + Gr. 
pifa, a root.] In bot., the root-cap. 
pileorhize (pil'e-o-riz), n. Same as pileorhiza. 
pileous (pi'le-us)', a. [< L. pilus, a hair, the 
hair: see pile*.'] Same as pilous. 
pile-pier (pil'per), n. In hyilraul. engin., a pier 
supported on piles. 
pile-plank (pil'plangk), . One of a number 
of planks, about nine inches broad and from 
two to four inches thick, sharpened at their 
lower end, and driven with their edges close 
together into the ground in hydraulic works, as 
to make a coffer-dam. 
piler 1 (pi'ler), n. [< piles, v., + -er 1 .] One who 
piles or forms into a heap. 
pller 2 t, A Middle English form of pillar. 
piles (pilz), n. pi. [< NL. pila, piles, pi. of 
L. pila, a ball : see pile 3 .'] A disease originat- 
ing in the morbid dilatation of the veins of the 
lower part of the rectum, and upon the verge 
of the anus ; hemorrhoids. Constipation favors 
their development. 
pile-shoe (pir sh8), n. An iron point fitted on 
a pile. 
pile-start (pil'start), n. The pintail duck, Da- 
Hid acuta. J. P. Giraud, 1844. [Long Island.] 
pileti, . Plural o 
1-1-7 
B * 
-v-oji 
: ' fi . 
Pilgrim, In the recognUed 
drew rn at Rome in the 
i8th century. 
used in the middle ages, having a knob upon the 
shaft, near the head, to prevent it. from pene- 
trating too deeply. 
pileum (pil'e-um), n. ; pi. pilea (-a). [NL., < L. 
pileutn, a cap: see pileus.] In ornith., the cap 
or whole top of the nead, from the base of the 
bill to the nape, and laterally about to the level 
of the upper border of the eyes, it 1> divided Into 
three sections, the forehead or front, the vertex or corona, 
and the hindhead or occiput See diagram under Wrdl. 
pileus (pil'e-us), . ; pi. pilei (-i). [L. pileux, 
also pileumj also pilleus, pilleum, a cap or brim- 
less hat of felt, made to fit close, a felt skull- 
cap, = Gr. TriAof, felt, a felt cap or hat, felt 
cloth, etc.] 1. Among the ancient Romans, 
a conical cap or hat of felt ; a cap or skull- 
cap. 2. In bot., the expanded cap-like or um- 
brella-like summit of the stipe, bearing the 
hymenium, in hymenomycetous fungi: same as 
cop 1 , 2 (a). See cuts under Agaricus and 
Fungi. 3. In ornith., same as pileum. 4. 
[cap.] [NL.] A genus of echinoderms. 
pile-warp (pil'warp), n. Same as nap-warp. 
pile-weaving (pil weaving), n. A process of 
weaving iu which a third thread is introduced, 
and formed into loops by weaving it over wires 
laid across the entire breadth of the cloth. 
The wires are subsequently drawn out, leaving the loops 
standing, or the loops may he cut so as to form a nap or 
cut pile. 
pile-wire (pil'wir), . A wire used in pile- 
weaving. In the manufacture of cut-pile fabrics 
grooved pile-wires are used, laid with the grooves facing 
the outer part* of the loops of the pile. In cutting the 
pile-threads the knife slides edge upward through the 
groove or channel in the wire, thus making the cutting 
uniform, without danger of injuring the warp or weft. 
pilework (pil'werk), . Work consisting of 
piles, as that upon which lacustrine dwellings 
are supported, or that constructed for many 
purposes in hydraulic engineering. See cut in 
next column. 
The wants and habits of the people had changed, and 
the age of the Swiss pilncork* was at an end. 
Str J. Lubbodt, Pre-historic Times, vi. 
pile-worm (pil'wenn), . A worm or some 
similar animal, as a gribble or shipwonn. found 
embedded in the timber of submerged piles. 
See I.iiiinnriii. Tcrnl/i. 
pile-Worn (pil' worn). . Worn to such n point 
that the pile or nap has grown thin, so as to 
show the threads of the stuff; threadbare. 
Your pilricorn coat. 
Cast-Iron Pilework in Whanrn at Deptford and Black w.ill, England. 
.1, elevation : B, plan : C. C. sections, a a. piles ; . a (tilde- 
pile : < . a rtay-plie ; J d. iron land-ties. 
pilewort (pil'wert), . One of the buttercups, 
Ranunculus Ficaria, common in Europe and 
western Asia. It produces annually grain-like tubers, 
sometimes gathered for food, and locally fancied to have 
fallen from above. Also called etlamlint and fgurort. 
Great pilewort, an old name of the ilgwort Serophularia 
nodasa. 
pilfer (pil'fer), r. [< OF. pelfrer, rob, plunder, 
< pelfrc, plunder, booty, spoi'l ; cf. pilfeicr, rob : 
see pelf.] I. intrant. To steal in small quanti- 
ties; practise petty theft. 
Every string Is told, 
Kr fear some pilfriiuj hand should make too bold. 
Dryden. 
The Malayans, who inhabit on both sides the Strelghts 
of Malacca, are In general a bold people : and yet I do not 
find any of them addicted to Robbery, but only the pilfer- 
ing poorer sort. Dampitr, Voyages, II. L 166. 
II. tranx. To steal or gain by petty theft; 
filch. 
He would not pilfer the victory, and the defeat was 
easy. BkWOH. 
pilferer (pil'fer-er), w. One who pilfers or 
practises petty theft. 
To glory some advance a lying claim. 
Thieves of renown and pAftren of fame. 
Young, Love of Fame, lii. 88. 
= 8yn. Thitf, etc. See robber. 
pilferingly (pirfer-ing-li), adv. In a pilfering su( 
manner; with petty theft; filchingly. 
pilferyt (pil'fer-i), n. [< pilfer + -ft (see -cry).] 
The act of pilfering; petty theft; also, the 
thing stolen. 
They eat bread, and drunk water, a* a whole*ome pen- 
ance, enjoined them by their confessor*, for base pUfrrit*. 
B. Jnmon, Volpone, 11. 1. 
Proue It when yon will, yon low spirited Saturnlste, 
that hauc nothing hut the pUfriaot your penne to pollish 
an exhortation withal), no eloquence but tautologies to 
tye the eares of your auditory vnto you. 
Xathe. Pierce Penllease, p. 40. 
pilgarlick (pil-gar'lik) ,. p.JP,r , + obj. *S3?3 I 
garlic (formerly garltek). See to pill garlic, e tc.,whichlssuedlt 
under pilP. The word came to be applied, 
with the stress laid on jrill with ref . to pitted, 
bald, to lepers or to other persons who have 
become bald by disease, acquiring a particu- 
larly opprobrious meaning.] A poor forsaken 
wretch : a vague term of reproach. [Low.] 
And there got he a knock, and down goes pOgarliek. 
Fletcher, Humorous Lieutenant, II. 2. 
pilgrim (pil'grim), n. and a. [Early mod. E. 
also pilgrime. pelgrom ; < ME. pilgrim, pi/lgrym, 
l>elgi'ini,i>ylgrrnif, pcli-grim, ]>ilegrim = OFnes. 
pilugrim. pilegrim = D. pelgrim = MLO. pele- 
grime, pelgrim, pelgrem = OHO. ]>il'njnm. i<ili- 
kri in. IfRG.pilgerim, pilgrim. i>ilt/rrd.i>ii<jeram, 
hilt/friii, fiHgir, {l.pilgt-r = leel. />i/m/riwr = Sw. 
fOgrim = i)nn. pfkfrlm, < OF. '/nii-i/rin. JM-HI- 
grin, pelegri, pelfriii, peregrin, F.]>elerin = Pr. 
peUegrin ' = Sp. Pg. peregrine = It. peregrino. 
pellegrinn. < Ml.. yrv/riim*, perigrinu-i. a pil- 
grim, traveler, foreigner, foreign resident, :, 
suburban resident, I>. I'l-ri'griniu, a foreigner. 
pilgrim 
stranger, foreign resident, prop, adj., foreign : 
see peregrine.'] I. M. 1. A traveler; specifi- 
cally, one who journeys 
to some place esteemed 
sacred, either as a pen- 
ance, or in order to dis- 
charge some vow or re- 
ligious obligation, or to 
obtain some spiritual 
or miraculous benefit ; 
hence, a wanderer; a so- 
journer in a foreign land. 
The custom of pilgrimages haa 
prevailed especially In India, 
among Mohammedan peoples, 
and among Christians In the 
middle ages. Frequented place* 
of Christian pilgrimage have 
been (beside* Jerusalem and the 
Holy Land) Rome, Canterbury, 
Compostela In Spain, Klntiedeln 
In Switzerland, and In modem 
time* Lourdes In France. 
And on Mondaye we met with 
the shyppc with pylyryma that 
wentoutof Venyce.ilj. wekes before vs, whlche 
had done theyr pylgrvmagc and retoumed homewarde*. 
Sir R. Guy(forde, l*ylgr> wage, p. 15. 
These all died in faith, not having received the prom- 
ises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of 
them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were 
strangers and pilyrimt on the earth. Heb. xL IS. 
With naked foot, and sackcloth vest, 
And arms enfolded on his breast, 
Did every pilgrim go. 
Scott, L. of L. M., vl. a>. 
2. In Amer. hint., specifically, one of the English 
separatists who sailed from Delfthaven (in the 
Netherlands) in the "Mayflower," touching at 
Southampton, England, and founded the colony 
of Plymouth, Massachusetts, at the end of 1620. 
3. 'A new-comer, whether a person or an ani- 
mal; a "tenderfoot." [Slang, western U. S.] 
Pilgrim and " tenderfoot " were formerly applied almost 
exclusively to newly imported cattle, but by a natural 
transference they are usually used to designate all new- 
comers, tourist*, and bnslnefw-men. 
L. Swinburne, Scrlhner's Monthly, II. 60S. 
4. A curtain or screen of silk hanging from the 
back of a woman's bonnet to protect the nsck, 
worn in the latter part of the eighteenth century. 
Pilgrim-bottle, a round, flat Ixittle having on each 
side of the mouth or neck a ring for the Insertion of a 
cord. The type l a common one In pottery of many na- 
tions and times, and Is especially frequent In Italian work 
of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, and In Imitations 
of It The slniplfnt pilgrim-bottles arc circular or oval 
and without a foot ; hut more elaborate vases. If preserv- 
ing the flat form and the rings for a cord, are alao known 
by this name. See cwrfrrf. pilgrim fathers. In Amer. 
hut., the founders of Plymouth Colony In 1620. See def. 
2, above. Pilgrim's pouch, a badge of lead or other 
material, having the form of a pouch and hollow like It, 
but very small: a variety of pilgrims sign. Pilgrim's 
Shell, (a) A scallop- or cockle-shell used an an emblem of 
IiMlfrimage, or a sign that one has visited the Holy Land. 
One of the scallop*. Peetrn jaeiibirui, i known as SI. 
Jamet't theU, from this circumstance. See I'ecten, 2 (a). 
(''tin modern time*, 
a carved pearl shell 
such a* are brought 
traveler* from 
e Holy Land. P. 
L. Simondt, Art 
Jour.. N. 8., XII. 
72. Pilgrim's 
sign, a small object 
given to pilgrims at 
a shrine or sacred 
place a* evidence of 
their having visited 
It Itwasaometimes 
a medal, sometime* 
a small ampulla of 
lead or pewter, attd 
etc. , wnicn issued 11. Pilgrim's sign. 
- Pilgrim's Staff. (From -Journal of the British Archawlogi- 
(a) The long *taff cal Association." 18*6.) 
which w* one of 
the badges of a pilgrim. (6) In ACT., same a* bovrdonl. 
Pilgrim's vase, a decorative vase having a flat and dlsk- 
like liody, In partial Imitation of a pilgrim's bottle. 
II. a. Of, pertaining to, used by, or charac- 
teristic of a pilgrim, or one who travels to a 
sacred place in performance of some religious 
duty; wandering as a pilgrim; consisting of 
pilgrims. 
A parish priest was of the pilgrim train. ** 
Till Morning fair 
Came forth, with pilgrim step*. In amice gray. 
Milton, P. R., Iv. 427. 
she remembered the parting words of the pilgrim crwnt. 
Irving, Moorish Chronicles, p. 31. 
pilgrim (pil'grim). r. i. [< //i/./n<. .] To jour- 
ney or travel as a pilgrim ; undertake oraeeuni- 
pli'sh a pilgrimage. 
The ambulo hath no certain home "r .li.-t, but pOarimM 
up and down everywhere, feeding u|mn all sort* of plant*. 
<,'(. '/ 
