Plpa 
the male place* them upon her back, fecundates them, 
and ih.-n presses them Into cellule*, which at that period 
open for their reception, and afterward close over them. 
In theae cellules on the mother's back the eggs are 
hatched and the young pass their tadpole state, fur they 
do not leare their domicile till then- legs are formed. 
Aitrra-lattylus Is a synonym. See Afloesa. 
Pipa (pi'pe), . pi. [NL., pi. of Pipa.] Same 
as /'i/mAsr. Txchuili, 1838. 
pipage (pi'pai), ii. [< pipe 1 + -<*0-] Convey- 
ance or distribution by pipes, as of water, gas, 
petroleum, etc. 
The question of pipage Is one of immense Importance. 
Set'. Amer. Supp., p. 8786. 
A public authority which, in dealing with the ques- 
tions of constant supply, pressure, and pipage, should be 
bound to have regard not only to the convenience of cus- 
tomer*, but also to the requirements for the extinction of 
fire. Engine, LXV1I. 843. 
pipal (pe'pal), . Same &s pipul-tree. 
For the discovery of theft they use an ordeal of fire, the 
person accused carrying a piece of red-hot Iron a few paces 
with nothing between It and the skin but a few jriiml 
leaves. Athenjrum, No. 3202, p. SI 5. 
4504 
6. To furnish with or make into piping, as in 
dressmaking or upholstery: as, to pipe a bor- 
der. 7. In hi/dritiil. mining, to direct a stream 
of water upon, as a bank of gravel, from the 
hydraulic pipe.-To pipe one's eye, to weep; cry. 
(Nautical slang J 
Then reading on his "bacco-box, 
He heav'd a bitter sigh, 
And then began to eye his pipe, 
And then to pipe Hit eye. 
flood, Faithless Sally Brown. 
He was very frail and tearful ; for being aware that a 
shepherd's mission was to pipe to his flocks, and that a 
iMiatswain '* mission was to pipe all hands, ... so he had 
got It into his head that his own peculiar mission was to 
tripe hu eye ; which he did perpetually. 
Diclteru, Martin Chuzzlewit, xxriL 
To pipe down (nnut.), to dismiss from muster, as a ship's 
company, or to signify by means of a boatswain's whistle 
that, the duty being finished, the crew have permission to 
leave their stations. TO pipe or pipe Off, in thieves' slang, 
to watch (a house or personjclosely, In order to obtain in- 
formation which may be of use In carrying out a criminal 
= D. pijpen = MLU. pipen, LG. piepen, pipen 
= MHG. phifen, pfifen, G.pfeifen, piepen, pipen 
= Kw.nipa = Dan. pibe, pipe, peep, or chirp, 
as birds, < OP. piper, also pettier, F. piper, pi- 
pier, pipe, peep, or chirp, as birds or as frogs, 
<! L. pipirc, pipiare, pipare (ML. alsopipM/are) 
= Gr. iratlfctv, chirp; imitative of the sound of 
chirping. In later uses the verb is from the 
noun. Cf. peep 1 , pip 3 .] I. intrans. 1. To chirp, 
whistle, warbie, or sing, as a bird. 
It was Autumn, and incessant 
Piped the quails from shocks and sheaves. 
Longfellow, Pegasus In Pound. 
2. To sound shrilly, as wind. 
His big manly voice, 
Turning again toward childish treble, pipe* 
And whistles in his sound. 
Shak., As you Like it, ii. 7. 1B2. 
Well piped the wind, and. as it swept 
The garden through, no sweet thing slept. 
William Morris, Earthly Paradise, II. 124. 
3. To cry; weep: sometimes with y>: as, the 
children piped up at this. 4. To play on a 
pipe, fife, flute, or any similar instrument of 
music. 
The yonger sorte come pijping on apace, 
In whistles made of Mm enticing wood. 
Haseoipne, Steele Olas (ed. Arber), Epll., p. 82. 
He pip'd, I sung ; and, when he sung. I piped. 
Speiuer, Colin Clout, 1. 76. 
We have piped unto you, and ye have not danced. 
Mat. xl. 17. 
1 1 "in street to street he piped advancing, 
And step by step they followed dancing. 
Brmcning, Pied Piper, vil. 
5. To make a shrill noise, as bees, in the hive 
l>efore swarming TO pipe In an Ivy-leaf. See ivy- 
TT, traiix. 1. To utter or emit, as notes, in a 
shrill or piping voice. 
A robin . . . was basking himself in the sunshine, and 
piping a few querulous notes. 
/rainy. Sketch-Book, p. 250. 
And, while the wood-thrush pipes his evening lay, 
(lire me one lonely hour to hymn the setting day. 
Bryant, A Walk at .sunset. 
When the summer days are bright and long, 
And the little birds pipe a merry song. 
It. It. Stoddard, I'nder the Trees. 
2. To play; produce on a pipe or similar mu- 
sical instrument. 
Things without life giving sound, whether pipe or harp, 
except they give a distinction In the sounds, how shall It 
be known what Is piped at harped? 1 Cor. xlv. 7. 
" Piper, pipe, that song again." 
Ho Imped; he wept to hear. 
William Mate, Songs of Innocence, Int. 
Piping a ditty sad for Bion's fate. 
JT. Arnold, Thyrals. 
3. \'in/., to call by means of the boatswain's 
pipe or whistle: so, to pipe the crew to grog or 
to prayers. 
The men are generally In long before they are piped 
down. Jfarryai. 
4. To provide or supply with pipes. 
This well was piped and used for a while, but, not yield- 
lot eooimh water for cooling purposes, was closed. 
Sri. Amer., N. 8., LX. 88. 
5. To convey by pipe, as water, gas, oil, etc. 
Wherever the water comes from, It Is usually conveyed 
Into a tank o a reservoir, and then piped or ditched about 
over the farm wherever needed. 
Pop. Set. Mo., XXXVI. MS. 
Natural gas wfll ! pip,.l to c hlcago. 
Snt York Tribune, July S, 1887. 
G. pfeife = Icel. pipa = Sw. pipa = Dan. pibe 
= F. pipe = Sp. Pg.*pi/i = It. pipa, pica, a 
"" 
pipe, < ML. pipa, a pipe (in various uses); from 
the verb in the orig. sense 'chirp,' 'peep,' as a 
bird: see pipe 1 , peep 1 , v. In later uses the 
verb is from the noun, while again some later 
uses of the noun are from modern deflected 
uses of the verb. Cf. doublet//?.] 1. A simple 
tubular musical instrument, usually of wood. 
The typical form Is doubtless that of a flageolet or whistle, 
or perhaps that of an oboe. The term Is no longer tech- 
nically applied to any particular instrument (though it 
survives in bagpipe, Pan ipipes, etc.), except In connection 
with the pipe-organ. See def. 2. 
Tho up they gan their mery pupes to trusse, 
And all their goodly heardes dlil gather rownd. 
Spenser, F. Q., III. x. 46. 
They are not a pipe for fortune's finger 
To sound what stop she pleases. 
Shak., Hamlet, lit 2. 75. 
Neyther list I to dance after their pipe which ascribe a 
musicall harmonie to the henuens. 
Purchat, Pilgrimage, p. 10. 
These [antic trifles) be the pipe* that base-born minds 
dance after. Quarlet, Emblems, II. 8. 
A Shepherd now along the Plain he roves, 
And with his jolly Pipe delights the Groves. 
Prior, Henry and Emma. 
2. One of the tubes of metal or of wood from 
which the tones of an organ are produced ; an 
organ-pipe. Such pipes are either flue- or reed-pipes. 
The tone is produced in flue-pipes by the fluctuations of 
a compact focused stream of air impinging upon a sharp 
edge or lip, and In reed pipes by the vibration of a metal 
tongue hung In a stream of air. Metal pipes of either 
class are usually circular in section, while wooden pipes 
are usually square or triangular, (a) Flue-pipes consist 
of a body and afoot, the division between which Is marked 
by an opening on one side of the pipe, called the mtntlh. 
The upper and lower edges of the mouth are called lips, 
and its sides are often shielded by ears. Opposite the 
lower Up a horizontal shelf, called the language or languid, 
Is Inserted so as nearly to separate the pipe into two dis- 
tinct cavities. Between this shelf and the lower lip Is a 
narrow slit called the flue or wind-way, through which 
the stream of air Is directed against the upper lip. The 
quality of the tone depends upon the general shape of the 
pipe, and especially upon a delicate adjustment of the 
language and lips called voicing. The pitch of the tone 
depends upon the length of the vibrating column of air 
within the body. The upper end of the pipe may be open, 
or may be closed with a ping; an open pipe gives a tone 
an octave higher than a stopped pipe of the same length. 
Tuning is effected by altering the effective length of the 
air-column in various ways ; and the adjustable metal flaps 
or tongues placed at the top of the pipe for this purpose 
are called tuners. The lower end of the pipe is open for 
the admission of air from the wind-chest. (6) Reed-pipes 
consist of a tube or body and a mouthpiece, the only com- 
munication between which is through a short metallic 
tube called the shallot, or reed proper. The oblong open- 
Ing Into the lower part of the shallot Is covered or fllled 
by a thin, elastic piece of brass called the tongue, or some* 
times the reed. When the tongue covers the opening, the 
reed Is striking; when it merely fills the opening, the reed 
it free. The quality and power of the tone depend largely 
upon the material and shape of the body, which serves 
almost exclusively as a resonance-chamber. The pitch of 
the tone depends upon the vibrating length of the tongue. 
Tuning Is effected by adjusting a wire spring of peculiar 
shape so as to lengthen or shorten the part of the tongue 
left free to vibrate: this spring Is called the tuniny-mrr. 
In the organ, plpea of the same variety are arranged In 
seta called stops or registers, containing at least one pipe 
for each key of the keyboard. (See slop and organ*.) The 
breadth and sonority of a pipe's tone are much Influenced 
by Its scale that is. by the general ratio between Its 
width or diameter and Its length ; broad, bulky pipes tir- 
ing broad, diapason like tones, and narrow pipes giving 
thin, incisive tones. Tile proportions Iwstween the several 
dimensions of the different kinds of pipes are regulated 
by somewhat Intricate mathematical formula;. The unin 
ber of pipes In an organ Is approximately equal to the 
product of the number of keys In the keyboards and the 
number of stops. The organ at Welngarten Is said at one 
time to have contained 6,666 pipes. The largest pipe in 
an organ Is the deepest one belonging to a 16- or .12-feet 
pipe 
open stop of the pedal organ ; such a pipe la usually of 
wood, and Is about 16 or feet long. The smallest pipe 
Is the highest one belonging to one of the mixture-stops, 
and Is usually smaller than a common lead-pencil. Pipes 
are made either of wood or of metal. The metal most in 
use for this purpose is called pipe-metal or organ-metal. 
and Is an alloy of tin and lead. Pure tin, zinc, and lead 
have also been used, and a great variety of their alloys. 
When a pipe Is sounded, It Is said to speak. When it falls 
to speak properly, or speaks when not wanted, It is said 
to cipher. 
3. Any hollow or tubular thing or part: as, 
the pipe of a key. 4. A tube of metal, wood, 
or earthenware serving for various uses, as in 
the conveyance of water, gas, steam, or smoke : 
as. a gas-pi/ie; a stove-pipe. 6. A large round 
cell in a bee-hive, used by the queen-bee. Halli- 
well. 6. A tube of clay or other material with 
a bowl at one end, used for smoking tobacco, 
opium, or other narcotic or medicinal substance. 
See chibouk, hooka, hubble-bubble, narghile. 
The pipe, with solemn Interposing puff, 
Makes half a sentence at a time enough. 
Cowper, Conversation, 1. 245. 
The genial stoicism which, when life flouts us, and says, 
"Put that In your pipe and smoke It!" can puff away with 
as sincere a relish as If it were tobacco of Mount Lebanon 
in a narghileh of Damascus. 
Lowell, Cambridge Thirty Years Ago. 
7. A pipeful ; a quantity of tobacco sufficient 
to fill the bowl of a pipe. 
Sir, I am for one pipe of tobacco ; and I perceive yours 
is very good by the smell. 
Cotton, In Walton's Angler, II. 235. 
Sir Jeoffrey, to show his good-will towards me, gave me 
a pipe of his own tobacco. Steele, Taller, No. 132. 
8. A wine-measure, usually containing about 
105 imperial gallons, or 126 wine-gallons. Two 
pipes, or 210 Imperial gallons, make a tun. But In practice 
the size of the pipe varies according to the kind of wine it 
contains. Thus, a pipe of port contains nearly 188 wine- 
gallons; of sherry, ISO; of Madeira, 110; and of Lisbon, 
140. Sometimes confounded with butt (which see). 
The pint you brought me was the best 
That ever came from pip*. 
Tettnyson, Will Waterproof. 
9. Same as pipe-roll. 10. The chief air-pas- 
sage in breathing and speaking; the windpipe: 
as, to clear one's pipe. [Colloq.] 
Drinke of this llcoure wol cure np clene 
The pipen and the gomes, as is sure 
This Marcial expert upon this cure. 
Palladium, Husbondrie (E. E. T. S.), p. 58. 
I should have quite defeated your oration. 
And slit that flue rhetorical pipe of yours. 
B. Jonson, Catiline, v. 4. 
11. The sound of the voice; the voice; also, 
a whistle or call of a bird. 
There are who do yet remember him at that period 
his pipe clear and harmonious. Lamb, Old Actors. 
Sad and strange as in dark summer dawns 
The earliest pipe of half-awaken 'd birds 
To dying ears. Tennyson, Princess, IT. 
12. \atit., the whistle used by the boatswain 
and his mates to call or pipe the men to their 
various duties ; also, the sounding of this instru- 
ment. 13. pi. The bagpipe. [Colloq.] 14f. 
A spool, as of thread ; a roll or quill on which 
embroidery-silk was wound. 
1 prey yow do byen for me ij. pypysut gold [gold thread 
on pipes or rolls for embroidery). Paston Letters, I. SO. 
15. A dingle or small ravine thrown out from 
a larger one. ffallitcell. [Local, Eng.] 16. 
In mining, an occurrence of ore in an elongated 
cylindrical or pipe-like mass, such as is char- 
acteristic of the so-called pipe-vein. See pipe- 
rein. 17. One of the curved flutings of a frill 
or ruff; also, a pin used for piping or fluting. 
18. In hair-dresxing, a cylinder of clay used 
for curling the peruke. 19. In a steam-engine. 
See induction-pipe. 20. In metal., a funnel- 
shaped cavity at the top of an ingot of steel, 
caused by the escape of occluded gas (largely 
hvdrogen) during the cooling of the metal. 
This happens chiefly with steel of hard temper. The 
formation of pipes of this kind Is technically known as 
In the manufacture of black-ash or ball- 
soda (impure sodium carbonate) by the so- 
called Le Blanc ball-furnace process, one of 
very numerous hollow characteristic jets of 
flame which shoot out from the massed mix- 
ture of chalk, small coal, and sodium sulphate 
during the calcining process, and the beginning 
of the subsidence of which indicates the com- 
pletion of the calcination. These jets are also 
called candlrn. 22. The puffin or sea-parrot, 
l-'riili-rriiln urrlirii. [Cornwall. Kng.] Blow-off 
pipe. SeeMow-oir Celtic pipes. Snmeas fairy pipe*. 
Drip pipe. Her ./n> ;;. Dry pipe, a pipe for taking 
live steam free from water from a noller. Se* steam l*ril- 
r Dutchman's pipe. *. Dutchman i-pipt. Elfin 
pipes -nine an .fairy iiipri Fairy pipes. See /irirj/. 
- Indian pipe, sen In-Han-yipe. Labial pipe, See 
