Piperacete 
ovary with on II nnd one ovule, with usu- 
ally two, three, or four -.tyles or stigmas. They 
are generally aromutir <*r punici-nt hert>s or shrubs, bear- 
ing alUTiiate entire leaves, commonly with three or more 
St in in, hi curving nerves, and often pellucid-dotted or 
eshv. Tile minute flowers are usually in unbranched 
alender stalked spikes. It Includes ah,, tit 1,000 species 
and 8 genera, of which }\per (the type), Peperomia, and 
Sfuntna are the chief. See pepper, cubeb, and Peperomia. 
piperaceous (pip-;-rii'Hhius), . [< I'iperace-te 
T -nun.] Of or belonging to the I'iperacese or 
pepper trilie of plants. 
pipe-rack (pip'rak), . In oryuii-bititdini/, a 
wooiien shelf placed above the wind-chests, 
having perforations in which the pipes are 
held and supported. 
Pipereae (pi-pe're-e), n. pi. [NL. (F. A. W. 
Miquel, l.H4:i), < /'</r +-.] A tribe of plants 
of the order I'iixrticeee, known by the ovary 
with one cell and one ovule, indehiscent fruit, 
and by the absence of the perianth, it Includes 
1,000 species In the two leading genera Piper and // 
rmnia, and about four in the three others. 
pipe-reducer (pip're-du'ser), i. A pipe-cou- 
pling having one end of less diameter than the 
other, for connecting pipes of different caliber. 
piperic (pi-per'ik), a. [< L. piper, pepper, + 
-if.] Produced from plants of the pepper fam- 
ily or from piperinc. piperic acid, C la H lo O t , a 
monobasic acid obtained by boiling piperine with alco- 
holic potash and acidifying with hydrochloric acid. 
piperidge (pip'e-rij), n. [Also pipperage, pip- 
rage, and pi-pperidijv : said to be a corruption 
of berberin.'} 1. The common barberry. Also 
piperidge-tree,piperidge-1ii<h. [Eng.] 2. See 
pepperidge. 
piperidine (pi-per'i-din), n. [<jnpcric + -/2 + 
-in*".] A volatile alkaloid (CsHi^N) produced 
by the action of alkalis on pipeline. 
pipeline (pip'e-rin), n. [< F. piperinc, peperin, 
pejie'rine, < It. peperinn, a cement of volcanic 
ashes, < L.as if "piperinim, of pep] >er, < piper, pep- 
per: see pepper.] 1. A concretion of volcanic 
ashes. 2. A crystalline alkaloid (C'^HjgNOs) 
extracted from pepper. The crystals of plperine are 
transparent, colorless, tasteless, inodorous, fusible, not vol- 
atile. They are very slightly soluble in water but readily 
soluble In alcohol, and with oil of vitriol give a red color. 
piperitious (pip-e-rish'us), . [< L. jnner, pep- 
per, + E. -itiotw.'} Having a hot, biting, or 
pungent taste, like that of pepper; peppery. 
plperivorons (pip-e-riv'o-rus), ti. [< L. piper, 
pepper, + rorare' devour.] Eating or feeding 
upon pepper, as a bird : as, the }>i]>rriviiroun tou- 
can , I'teriMilinuun piperironw. 
piper lyt (pi'per-h), a. [< piprr* + -fyl.] Of 
or resembling a piper. 
Who In London hath not heard of his [Orecne's] . . . 
piperly extemporizing and Tarlctonizlng. his apish coun- 
terfeiting of every ridiculous and absurd toy ? 
0. Hartley, Four Letters, ii. 
pipe-roll (pip'rol), M. The account kept in the 
Knglish exchequer containing the summaries 
and authoritative details of the national trea- 
sury: also called the Great Iloll. It was so 
named from its shape in the middle ages. 
The Pipe-Roll* are complete from the second year of 
Henry II., and the Chancellor's rolls nearly so. 
Stubbt, Const Hist, } 12& 
piper-urchin (pi'per-er'chin), w. A sea-urchin, 
Cidtirix papillata, the form of which, with its 
club-shaped spines, is likened to a bagpipe. 
[Local, British.] 
pipe-staple (pip'sta'pl), n. [OD. stapel, a 
stalk.] 1. The stalk of a tobacco-pipe; also, 
a stalk of grass; a windle-straw. Xntit, Black 
Dwarf, ix. [Scotch.] 2. In hot., the grass I'y- 
noHiinm critthitu.v, whose stiff stalks are used to 
clean pipes. [Scotch.] 
pipe-stay (pip'stA), n. Any device for holding 
n pipe in place, or for hanging a pipe. E. a. 
Knight. 
pipe-stem(pip'stem), n. The stem of a tobacco- 
pipe-stick (pip'stik), . A wooden tube used 
as the stem of a tobacco-pipe. The long German 
tobacco pipes have sticks of cherry or birch from which 
the bark has not been removed. 
pipe-stone (pip'ston), . Same as entlinite. 
pipe-stop (pip'stop), . A spigot in a pipe. 
I:. II. h n i;i hi. 
pipe-tongs (pip't6ngz), n. ging. and pi. An im- 
plement used by pipe-fitters in screwing to- 
4506 
gcther lengths of pipe, or in unscrewing lengths 
previously screwed together or united by screw- 
threaded pipe-fittings. 
pipe-tree (pip'tre), n. The lilac-tree, Xyrinya 
i-iiliinfix Pudding pipe-tree, the purging cassia. See 
Canto, 1. 
pipette (pi-pet'), n. [< F. pipette, dim. of pipe, 
a pipe: see //iyif 1 .] 1. In porcelain-making, a 
small can arranged to hold slip, and to allow 
it to flow through a pipe at one end. Pipettes 
are sometimes fitted with adjustable pipes of 
different diameters. See xlip-detortttion. 2. 
A small tube used to withdraw and transfer 
fluids or gases from one vessel to another. Tin- 
shape differs with the special use to which It is adapted. 
Some are designed to measure fluids accurately as well as 
to transfer them. Absorption pipette, an apparatus 
used for subjecting gases to the action of a reagent In 
the figure, a and b are absorption bulbs connected by the 
glass tube e. e and <l are a second pair of bulbs, with 
III 
piping 
sometimes imported along with di vi-divi for tan- 
nin>_'. though very inferior. 
Pipidse (pip'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < I'ipa + -te.] 
A family of aglossate amphibians, typified by 
the genus I'ipa. They have no teeth, dilated sacral 
dlapopliyses, and coracoids and precoracoids which are 
strongly divergent. It contains the .Surinam toad. They 
are sometimes called cell-backed toad*. See cut under f*ipa. 
pipientt (pip'i-ent), a. [< L. pij>ien(t-)s, ppr. 
of pipirt, pipe, chirp: see pipe 1 , r.l Piping; 
chirping. Her. T. Adams, Works, II. 118. 
Pipile (pi-pi'le), n. [NL. (Bonaparte, 1856).] 
A genus of guans, of the family Cracidte and 
..llai,,ll; . .) 
; r.pira; A one In the Jaw t. wl.ich 
M nTanW the >harp anile /. whkh 
e pipe andthu> ena(ei It 6rnily. 
thefr connecting tubes/, ,'/, and in, serving as a water- joint 
to prevent contact with air or escape of fumes. The re- 
agent is introduced through the tube k, and connection 
made by the rubber tube (. 
pipette (pi-pet'), r. t.; pret. and pp. pipetted, 
ppr. pipetting. [< pipette, .] To take np or 
transfer by means of a pipette. 
The solution of arsenic acid was pipetted into the bottle- 
Amer. Chem, Jour., IX. 177- 
pipe-twister (pip'twis'ter), . Same as pipe- 
pipe-vein (pip'van), n. A mode of occurrence 
of metalliferous ores somewhat common in, but 
not limited to, the lead-mines of Yorkshire and 
Derbyshire, England. In the so-called "pipes" the 
ore occuplesa more or less nearly cylindrical or pipe-shaped 
cavity, usually quite Irregular in Its dimensions, and rare- 
ly of any considerable length. Pipe-veins resemble "gash- 
veins " In some respects ; and they also have certain pecu- 
liarities in common with the "carbonas" of the CornUh 
mines. The principal shoot of tin ore in the East Wheat 
Lovell Mine, Cornwall, was followed from the 40-fathom 
level down to the lli>-fathom as one continuous pipe, In 
the shape of a long Irregular cyllndroid with an approxi- 
mately elliptic section, the dimensions of which were 
about 14 by 7 feet Le Urn Foster. 
pipe-vine (pip'vin), . See Aristvlochia. 
pipe-vise (pip'vis), n. A vise designed for 
grasping pipes or rods while they are being 
threaded, etc.; a vise to which is attached a 
pipe-grip. 
pipe-wine (pip'win), n. Wine drawn from the 
cask, as distinguished from bottled wine. When 
claret was a common drink in English and Scottish taverns, 
it was customary to keep It on tap. 
I think I shall drink In pipe-mne first with him ; 111 
make him dance. Shalt., M. W. of W., ill. 2. 90. 
pipewood (pip'wud), n. See Leucothoe. 
pipework (pip'werk), n. 1. See organ*, 6. 2. 
Same as piping, 4. 
pipewort (pip wert), n. Any plant of the genus 
l-.rim-anlon, or indeed of the order Eriocaitlex or 
(as formerly written) Erioeaulanacea. 
pipe-wrench (pip'rench), n. A tool having one 
jaw movable and the other relatively fixed, the 
two being 
so shaped as 
to bite to- 
gether when 
placed on a 
pipe and 
rotated in pipe wrench. 
One direc- . pipe ; *. hook-duped inw. Krrated at f. and 
f inn avniirxl threaded at r : d, nut which turns in a receM in 
tlOn around the Mock r,pited at /to the *ank*. -11*1.1. 
it. When turn- ' irrtedat,r,andl.i4ipplied with a wood- 
' en haodlet. Thelawtf sad/- an adlwjud to 
ed In the oppo- frora e . CD , ^^ , , f 53 ,,. 
site direction, aiHghtrockinKmotionontheulrot/caiaeitheni 
the jaws slip to .-rip the pipe, 
over the pipe 
without turning It, and are thus brought Into position for 
a new effective strok. . 
pipi (pe'pe), n. [Native name.] The axtiiii 
gent pods of Casalpinia Pipai, a Brazilian plant , 
Piping-uan 
subfamily Penelojrinse, including the piping- 
guans of South America, as P.jacutinga and 
/'. cujubi. 
Pipilo (pip'i-16), . [NL. (Vieillot, 1816), also 
1'ipillo.] 1. A genus of American fringilline 
birds, of comparatively large size, with short 
rounded wings, long rounded tail, and large 
strong feet; the towhee-buntings. The species 
are numerous, and found everywhere In the V nited States 
Chewink or Towhcc-lnintinu (Piffla 
and adjoining parU of British America, In Mexico, Central 
America, and parts of South America. They inhabit shrub- 
bery, and keep much on the ground. The common townee, 
chewlnk, or marsh-robin Is /' erythrophthalmv*, about 8 
Inches long, the male boldly colored with black, white, 
and chestnut and with red eyes. The female Is plain 
brown and white. Similar species or varieties Inhabit all 
the western parts of the I'nlted States. In the southwest, 
and thence Into Mexico, Is another set of species, of plain 
grayish coloration In both sexes, as the brown towhee, 
P. fvmu, or Abert's towhee, P. aberti. Some greenish 
forms also occur, as (Handing's finch, P. cldorurut. 
2. [/. c.] A species of this genus, 
piping (pi'ping), n. [Verbal n. of pipe 1 , t'.] 
1. The act of one who pipes. 
As Foetrie and Piping are Coaen germans : so pijiiny 
and playing arc of great affinity. 
Oaaan, Schoole of Abuse. 
2. The sound of playing on a pipe or as on a 
pipe; the music of pipes. 3. Weeping; cry- 
ing. 
He got the first brash at Whitsunday put ower wi' fair 
word and piping. Scott, Redgauntlet, letter xl. 
4. A system of pipes; pipes, as for gas, water, 
oil, etc., collectively. 6. Fluting. 6. A kind 
of covered cord used for trimming dresses, es- 
pecially along seams. 7. In harness, leather 
guards or shields encompassing a trace-chain. 
8. A cord-like ornament of icing or frosting 
on the top of a cake. 9. \i\jewclry, a support, 
usually of a baser metal, attached lieliiml :i 
surface of precious metal which is too thin to 
preserve its shape miMipporteil. 
Another iiill.-r dlndcm found in another tomb may be 
noted. It in of gold plate, so thick a> to require no yip- 
ing at the back to sustain It Knryc. Brit, XIII. 076. 
10. In hurt., a mode of propagating herbaceous 
pliints having jointed stems, such as pinks, by 
