pleiophylly 
leaven starting from a particular point; also, 
that condition in wliidi the number of leaflets 
in a compound leaf is abnormally increased. 
Mtmti fs. 
pleiosporous (pli'o-spo-rus), a. [< Gr. T/JI'UI-, 
more, + onopor. , seed : see xpore.] In hot., having 
or containing several or many spores. 
pleiotaxy (pli'o-tuk-si), H. [< Gr. irhtov, more, 
+ rafir, arrangement, order.] In bot., a multi- 
plication of the number of whorls that is, the 
production of additional distinct whorls, as in 
many so-called double flowers. Pleiotaxymay 
affect the bracts, calyx, corolla, androecium, 
gynoecium, or perianth as a whole. 
pleiothalamous (pli-o-thara-mus), a. [< Gr. 
Tf'/.tiuv, more, + Oaia'/iof, a bedchamber.] In 
but., several- or many-chambered or -celled. 
pleiotrachea (pli*o-tra-ke'a), . [NL., < Gr. 
T/.c/ur, more, + Tpa'xtia, the windpipe.] In bot., 
a membranous tube or trachea containing a 
compound spiral fiber. Cooke. 
Pleistocene (plis'to-sen), n. [< Gr. rcteiorof, 
most (superl. of iro/li-f, much), + /ca/voc, recent.] 
The name given by geologists, with more or 
less vagueness, to the lower division of the 
Quaternary or Post-tertiary deposits, or to that 
division which cannot properly be included 
under the designation recent. See Post-tertiary, 
Tertiary, and Quaternary. 
plekt, . A Middle English form of pleck. 
plenalt (ple'nal), a. [< ML. 'plenalis (in adv. 
l>lf.naliter),< li'.plenus,f\i\\(seepleinsMd.plenty), 
+ -al.] Full ; complete. 
This free and plenall act I make. 
J. Beaumont, Psyche, ix. 231. 
plenallyt (ple'nal-i), ode. Fully; entirely. 
Yours plenaUy devoted, Thomas Hey wood. 
Heyieood, Ep. Ded. to Fair Maid of the West. 
plenart, See plener. 
plenargyrite (ple-nar'.ji-rit), . [< L. plentix, 
full, 4- Gr. &p}vpof, silver, + -ite'*.] A sulphid 
of bismuth and silver found nearSchapbach in 
Baden: it is supposed to be similar in form to 
miargyrite. 
plenarlly (ple'nS-ri-li), adr. In a plenary man- 
ner; fully; completely. 
plenariness (ple'na-n-nes), n. The state of 
being plenary; fullness; completeness. 
plenarlyt, ndr. See plenerly. 
plenarty (pl6'njr-ti), n. [< OF.plenerete,pleni- 
erte, fullness, <.plcnier, < ML. plenarius, full, en- 
tire : see plenary. Cf. plener.] Thestateofan 
ecclesiastical benefice when occupied; occu- 
pancy by an incumbent : opposed to raeaney 
or avoidance: as, the plea of plenarty (that is, 
the plea that the benefice was already filled by 
valid appointment) was urged. 
When the clerk was once instituted . . . the church 
became absolutely full ; so the usurper by such pltnarty, 
arising from his own presentation, became in fact seised 
of the advowson. Dlacketone, Com., III. xvi. 
plenary (ple'na-ri), a. and . [< ML. /ilcnariux. 
entire, < Li. plenus, full: see plenty. Ct. plener.] 
1. a. 1. Full; entire; complete: as, A plenary 
license; plenary consent ; plenary indulgence. 
In a vawght vmlerneth ys the very self Place wher our 
blyssyd lady was born. And ther ys I'lenarie Remission. 
Torkinyton, Diarie of Eng. Travel), p. 31. 
The King, to shew his plenary Authority of being at full 
Age, removed the Archbishop of York from being Lord 
Chancellor, and put In his Place William Wickham, Bishop 
of Winchester. Baker, Chronicles, p. 146. 
Do not confound yourself with Multiplicity of Authors; 
two Is enough upon any Science, provided they be plenary 
and orthodox. Ilmnil. Letters, I. v. 9. 
2. In In a , noting an ordinary suit which passes 
through all its gradations and formal steps: 
opposed to summary. Plenary causes in the ecclesi- 
astical court* are now three (a) suits for ecclesiastical 
dilapidations; (6) suits relating to seats or sitting-places 
In churches ; and (c) suits for tithes. 
The cause Is made a plenary cause. 
Ai/li/f, Parergon. (Latham.) 
3. Having full power; plenipotentiary. 
The chambers called Into existence by the League of 
the Three Kings met at Erfurt In March, 1850. Austria, 
as an answer to the challenge, summoned a pfennry assem- 
bly f the German Diet to meet at Krankfort in September. 
Quarterly Itev., CXLV. 834. 
Plenary indulgence, the remission of all the temporal 
punishment due to sin. See indulgence, 4. Plenary in- 
spiration, complete Inspiration of Scripture In all its ut- 
terances. See innjiiration, 8. 
What Is meant by "plenary iiwpiraliim'"! A divine In- 
fluence full and sufficient to secure it end. The end In 
this case secured is the perfect Infallibility of tin- Scrip. 
lures In every part, as a record of fact and doctrine, both 
In thought and verbal expression. 
A. A. Hodge, Outlines of Theology, IT. 7. 
Plenary missal. See rninoL 
Il.t n. m few, decisive procedure, .ti/litfi. 
4552 
plenert, a- [ME., also plenar; < OF. plenier, F. 
iili'nur = Pr.pli in / . i>ii iiicr = 8p. lleiuru = Pg. 
It. plenario, < ML. plenuriitx, full, entire: see 
/ili-iniry.'] Full; abundant; plenary. 
Anon conueld to sltte att the table, 
Thys test alerter and ryght delectable. 
Ram. oj Parteitay (E. E. T. .\ 1. 2751. 
Oute of this woo he will you Wynne, 
To plese hym In more plener place. 
York Playi, p. 80. 
pleneret, ode. [ME., < plener, a.] Fully; com- 
pletely. 
Whan the peple was plenere comen, the porter vnpynned 
the gate. Pien Plmnnan (B), xl. 108. 
Now was Jason a seemely man withalle, . . . 
And goodly of his speche and famulere. 
And koude of love al craft and urteplenen 
Wlthoute boke. Chaucer, Good Women, 1. 1607. 
plenerlyt, adv. [ME., a.\soptenarly,plentrliche; 
<. plener + -ty 2 .] Fully; completely. 
Not only upon ten ne twelve, 
But plentrtiche upon us alle. 
Ootrer, MS. Soc. Antiq. 134, f. 84. (Ualliicell.) 
Wherfore I say yow plenerly in a clause. 
Chaucer, Merchant's Tale.l. 187. (Earl. MS.) 
plenicorn (plen'i-korn), a. [< L. plenus, full, 
+ cor HII, horn.] Solid-horned, as a ruminant : 
opposed to caricorn. 
plenilunart (plen-i-lu'n&r), a. [< plenilnne + 
-or 3 .] Pertaining to the full moon. 
plenilunaryt (plen-i-lu'na-ri), a. Same nspleni- 
lunar. See the quotation under iitterJunary. 
plenilonet (plen i-lun), . [< L. plenilunium, 
the time of full moon, < plenu.?, full, + luna. 
moon : see luna.'] The full moon. 
Whose glory (like a lasting plenilinit) 
Seems Ignorant of what it is to wane. 
B. Joneon, Cynthia's Revels, v. 3. 
plenipot (plen'i-po), . A colloquial abbrevi- 
ation of plenipotentiary. 
Ill give all my silver amongst the drawers, make a bon- 
fire before the door, say the plenipos have signed the peace, 
and the Bank of England 's grown honest. 
Vanbrugh, Provoked Wife, ill. 1. 
plenipotence (ple-nip'o-tens), . [= Sp. Pg. 
plenipotenria = It,.plenipotenza; &spletiipoten(t) 
+ -ce.] Fullness or completeness of power. 
A whole parliament . . . endewed with the plenipotenee 
of a free nation. Milton, Elkonoklastes, 6. 
plenipotency (ple-nip'o-ten-si), n. Same as 
plenipotenee. 
plenipotent (plf-nip'6-tgnt), a. [< ML. "pleni- 
poten(t-)s, having full power, < L. plenus, full, 
+ poten(t-)s, having power: see potent.] Pos- 
sessing full power. 
My substitutes I send ye, and create 
Plenipotent on earth, of matchless might 
Issuing from me. Milton, P. L., x. 404. 
plenipotentiary (plen'i-po-ten'shi-a-ri), a. and 
n. [= F. plenipotentiaire = Sp. Pg. ptenipoten- 
ciario = It. plenipotemiario, < ML. plenipo- 
trntiariMS, < 'plenipoten(t-)s, having full power: 
see plenipotent.] I. a. Invested with, having, 
or bestowing full power: as, plenipotentiary 
authority; ministers plenipotentiary. 
I hear the Peace betwixt Spain and Holland Is absolutely 
concluded by the Plrnipritentiary Ministers at Minister. 
HoweU, Letters, ii. 43. 
H. n. ', pi. plenipotentiaries (-riz). A person 
invested with full power to transact any busi- 
ness; specifically, an ambassador or envoy to 
a foreign court, furnished with full powers to 
negotiate a treaty or to transact other business. 
A plenipotentiary Is not necessarily accredited to any 
specified foreign court. Frequently meetings of pleni- 
potentiaries for concluding peace, uegotiatlng treaties, 
etc., are held In some neutral place, so that they may con- 
duct their negotiations and despatch their business unin- 
fluenced by any special power. 
The treaty of Blois had not received the ratification of 
the Navarrese sovereigns; but it was executed by their 
plenipotentiaries, duly authorized. 
Pretcott, Ferd. and Isa., II. 23. 
The terms or propositions of peace should have been 
fully, frankly, and unreservedly laid before the plenipo- 
tentiaries assembled at Vtrecht. 
Leeky, Eng. in 18th Cent, I. 
= Syn. See ambaaador, 1. 
plenish (plen'ish), v. t. f< OF. pleniss-, stem 
of certain parts olplenir, < ML. "plenire, fill up, 
< L. plenus, full: see plenty. Cf. replenish.] 
1. To fill. 
How art thou then for spread table* and plenMed flag- 
(foil's? tieece, God's Plea for Nineveh (1857). (Latham.) 
He must be a Jew, Intellectually cultured, morally fer- 
vidIn all this a nature ready to \>v vlenithed from Mor- 
-! ' u - George Eliot. Daniel Deromla, xxxviil. 
2. To furnish; provide (a dwelling) with fur- 
niture, etc.; stock (a farm) with cattle, 
farm implements, etc. 
[Old Eng. and Scotch in both senses.] 
plentiful 
plenishing (plen'ish-ing), . [Verbal n. of 
/</( iiinh, r7] Household furniture or furnishing. 
[Scotch.] 
We hae glide vlenuhing at our aln, if we bad the cast o' 
a cart to bring it down. Scott, Did Mortality, viii. 
Outsight plenishing. See outfight. 
plenishing-nail (plen'ish-ing-ual), n. In carp., 
a large nooring-iiuil. 
plenist (ple'nist), n. [< plenum + -int.] One 
who maintains that all space is full of matter; 
one who denies the possibility of a vacuum or 
the reality of empty space. 
The generality of the plrnistt . . . did not take a vacuum 
in so strict a sense. Boyle, Works, I. 76. 
plenitude (plen'i-tud), n. [< F. plenitude = 
Sp. plenitud = Pg. plenitude = Itpienitudine, < 
L. plenitudo, fullness, (.plenus, full: seepletity.] 
1. Fullness; abundance; completeness. 
In him a plenitude of subtle matter, 
Applied to cautels, all strange forms recelvea, 
Slink.. Lover's Complaint, I. 302. 
Yon know the plenitude of the power and right of a king, 
as well as the circle of his office and duty. 
Bacon, Advancement of Learning, 11. 280. 
A clime 
Where life and rapture flow in plenitude sublime. 
Wordsworth, Desultory Stanzas. 
2f. Repletion; animal fullness; plethora. Ar- 
ftufAnot. The moon in her plenitude, in her., the 
full moon. 
plenitudinariant (plen-i-tu-di-na'ri-an), n. [< 
L. plenitudo (-din-), plenitude, + -arian.] A 
plenist. Shaftesbnry. 
plenitudinary (plen-i-tu'di-na-ri), a. [< L. 
plenitudo (-din-), plenitude, + -ary.] Charac- 
terized by plenitude, fullness, or completeness. 
plentet, . A Middle English form of plenty. 
plenteous (plen'te-us), a. [< ME. plenteus, 
plenterous,plentir6us,plentejbus,plentuo8, < OF. 
plentious, plen tiros, plentivous, plentevous, plen- 
tuous, etc., < plent if, plenty, (pknte, plenty: see 
plenty.] 1. Abundant; copious; full; plenti- 
ful ; wholly sufficient for every purpose or need : 
as, a plenteous supply of provisions. 
I shall think it a most plenteout crop 
To glean the broken ears after the man 
That the main harvest reaps. 
Shak., As you Like it, III. 6. 10L 
2. Yielding abundance ; fruitful; productive. 
Toward that land he toke the waye full right, 
Whiche was callid aj&nfetxnu contre. 
OenerydeifK. E. T. S.),l. 1031. 
The seven plenteout years. Gen. xl i. 34. 
3. Bountifully or abundantly supplied; well 
provided for; rich; characterized by plenty: 
formerly sometimes followed by of before the 
thing that abounds or is plentiful: as, plente- 
ous in grace; plenteous o/good fish. 
It Is a fair Cytee, and plenteevout of alle Godes. 
Mamiemlle, Travels, p. 211. 
Thys He ys a grett He and a Plentemcs of all maner of 
thynits. Torkington, Diarie of Eng. Travel!, p. 20. 
The Lord shall make thee plenteous in goods. 
Deut xxviiL 11. 
The plenteout horn 
Of autumn, filled and running o'er 
With fruit, and flower, and golden corn ! 
WhitOer, Autumn Festival. 
4f. Bounteous or bountiful in giving; generous; 
open-handed. 
Ne beth plentywnu to the pore as pure charlte wolde. 
Pien Plauman (B), x. 80. 
Be a man neuer so valiaunt, so wise, so liberal! or plentu- 
out, . . . if he be sene to exercise fnlustyce, . . . it is often 
remembred. Sir T. Elyot, The Governour, ill. 4. 
= Syn. 1. Cnpiout, etc. See ample. 
plenteously (plen'te-us-li), adr. In a plente- 
ous manner; copiously; plentifully; bounti- 
fully; generously. 
Al myhten tho same thlnges betere and more ptrntetmu- 
ly ben couth in the mowth of the poeple. 
Chaucer, Boe thins, i. prose 6. 
plenteonsness (plen'te-us-nes), n. The state 
of being plenteous; abundance; copious sup- 
ply; plenty. 
plentiful (pleri'H-fi'il), a. [< l>lenty + -ful.] 
1. Existing in great plenty; copious; abun- 
dant; amplr. 
The satirical rogue says here that old men have grey 
beards, . . . and that they have a plentiful lack of wit 
Shak., Hamlet, II. 2. 202. 
Alcihiadcft . . . :\ ymiiig man of nobli liirtli. i v. Unit 
education, and u plentiful fortune. 
i nntcsU and Dissensions, II. 
Can anybody mm-miuT when sensible men, and tl'r 
right sort of men, and the right sort of women wen 
Emerxm. Work* unit Days. 
2. Yielding abundance; affording ampV sup- 
ply; fruitful. 
