plow 
by steam-power. Steam-plows, operating on various prin- 
ciples, are in use in farming on a large scale. Some are 
Iriven by a single stationary engine, which winds an end- 
plow-witcher 
8 />.- Plowman's spikenard. 
, 
less rope (generally of wire) passing over pulleys attached 
to an apparatus called the anchor, fixed at the opposite 
headland, and round a drum connected with the engine 
itself. Othen are driven by two engines, one at each 
headland, thus superseding the anchor. As steam-plow- 
ing apparatus are usually beyond both the means and 
4563 
plow-bote (plou'bot), n. In <>I<1 Eng. law: () Plowman's fe. 
Wood or timber allowed to a tenant for the re- See yttniarii. 
pair of instruments of husbandry, (ft) A strip Plowmbet, plowmet, . Obsolete (Middle Eng. 
of land set apart in the open-fiold'svstcm of cuf- y 8 ' 1 ) ">r"" of plttml. 
tivation in the ancient village community for Plowmeatt (plou'met), . Cereal food, as uis- 
the carpenter on a manor for the repair of the t'nfjuished from flesh-meat. 
out. Locomotive engines drawing 
been tried, but compact the soil so 
use has beei 
plows and other farm implements, 
plowboy, ploughbov (plou'boi), . A 
iSsliS ^^n^rrco^ntryt^^^ 6 ' & Plow Monday^p^ou mun'da). 
Some countrye* lack plouyh-meat, 
And some do lack cow-meat. 
*"'"' Hu ' b n<lr ' r ' A P rU > 
The Monday 
n practlcalV ab"andoned"-straddlelpiow plow-clevis (plou'klev'is), w~ "A clevis of spe- *,** Twelft h-day> or the termination of the 
L*!**59 " parallel shares set a little cial fonn used on a plow at the end of the plow- \ nristm s ..l>olidays, when the labors of the 
corn for covering the seed. E. H. Knight. Subaoll- 
ew, a plow with a long standard and a share, but hav. 
, no mold-board. Following the ordinary plow, It 
loosens the earth In the bottom of the ordinary furrow, 
while itself turning no furrow. Sulky-plow a plow 
attached to an axle with two wheels, the axle carrying 
It Is a stirrup-shaped piece with three loops, 01 
er another, In any one of which the open ring of II 
mliletree may be placed, according to 
w desired. E. H. Knight. 
prominent seven stars In the constellation of the (ircat 
Bear; Charles's Wain. To hold the Plow. See Aoidl. 
To put one's hand to the plow, figuratively, to begin 
the depths of furrows are gaged by a wheel or wheels 
attached to the plow and running upon the surface of the 
land. (4) A plow having a wheel In the space between 
plow.) 
plow, plough (plou), v. [< ME. plowen (f), 
plowgnen = D. ploegen = MLG. plogen = MHO. 
MMOMM, pfluogen, G.pjtiigen = Icel. pliegja = plow-gate (plou'gat), . Same as plow-gang, 
S\r. ploja = Dan. ploje, plow; from the noun, plow-handle (plou'han'dl), n. [< ME. plogl 
The older verb for 'plow' is ear: see ear*.] 
I. trans. 1. To turn up with a plow ; till. 
I should be vnwllllng to go thither, . . . much lease to 
carry an Oxe or an Horse with me to plough the ground. 
Coryat, Crudities, I. 83. 
It 's I hae Of ty acres of land ; 
It 's a plow a and sawn already. 
taasyow Peggy (Child's Ballads, IV. 78). 
2. To make furrows, grooves, or ridges in, as 
with a plow; furrow; figuratively, to move 
through like a plow ; make one's way through 
Let 
Patient Octavla plough thy visage up 
With her prepared nails. 
Shale., A. and C., iv. 12. 88. 
Here 's a health to the mariners 
Ih&t plough the raging main. 
Mary Hamilton (Child's Ballads, III. 125). 
3. To effect as with a plow; traverse like a 
plow. 
A Fleet for Gaul addrest 
Ploughs her bold course across the wondering seas. 
Wordsworth, Eccles. SonneU, il. IS. 
4. To trim or square, as the edges of paper, 
with a plow. Seoplow, n., 3 (rf). 
plow usually began, observed in England as a 
rustic festival. On that day It Is the custom of plow, 
men to draw a plow from door to door, soliciting ifrlnk- 
money. Also called Rock Monday. 
', plougher (plou'er), H. [< ME. plough- Plough Monday next, after that Twelfth tide Is past, 
tr= D. ploegcr = G. pflilger = Icel. plogari ; as Blds ollt wi "' tlle J )lou 8 n > tno wor l husband Is last. 
plow + -er 1 .] One who plows land; a culti- "SSWi Husbandry, Ploughman's Feasting Days, 
vator. plowngyt, a. An obsolete form of plunyy. 
The countrey people themselves are great plovert and Plow-point (plou'point), . A detachable share 
small spenders of come. Sprnter, State of Ireland. at tne front end of a plow-body, forming an 
ilow-foott. . [ME. plouhfot; < plow + foot ] 8pex *. tne J unct n of mold-board, sole, and 
A plow-tail; a plow-handle. land-side. K. H. Knight. 
MynJoA./o<Bhalbemypyk.stafandplccheatwothcrotes, PlOW-prOSS (plou'pres), II. In bookbinding, 
And help my culler to kerue and clause the forwes. same as cittting-press, 2. 
Pirn Plomnan (C), it 64. plow-servicefplou'ser'vis), 11. In early English 
o ..,_._, . .. tenancies, the service rendered by villeins or 
other tenants in plowing the lands of the lord's 
manor, or furnishing oxen to the team therefor, 
plowshare, ploughshare (plou'shar), . [< 
ME. plmihscliare (= MLG. plochseliarc = MHO. 
pfluoi-xchar, G. pfluaschar); < plow + share'*.] 
1. The share of a plow, or that part which cuts 
the ground at the bottom of the furrow, and 
raises the slice to the mold-board, which turns 
it over; the sock of a plow. See first cut under 
ploir. 
Countries by future Pltnc-tharet to be torn, 
And Cities rais'd by Nations yet unborn. 
plow-gang (plou'gang), . Same as plowland, 2. 
In Scotland a plow-gang of land was formerly 
the property qualification to hunt under the 
game-laws. 
ploglie 
liaiidullt'.] Same as plow-tail. 
plow-head (plou'hed), n. [< ME. 
A plowshare: same as bridle, 5. 
plowing-machine (plou'ing-ma-shen*), w. A 
steam-plow. 
plow-iron (plou 'Fern), n. The colter of a plow. 
Xhak., 2 Hen. IV., v. 1. 20. 
plowk, H. [Also (dial. ) plonk, pluke ; < late ME. 
In aiiat., the vomer. 
Prior, Solomon, I. 
Polidarius was pluccid as a pork fat. 
Destruction of Troy (E. E. T. S.\ L 3837. 
plOW-knife (plou'nif), . In bookbinding, a flat 
knife (about 6 inches long, 1J inches wide, and 
I inch thick) with a rounded and pointed cut- 
ting-face, sharpened on one side only, which 
follows the groove of the bookbinders' plow in 
cutting books or paper. 
plowky. n. [Also plooky ; < ME. plotckky ; < 
plowk + -yl.] Pimply. [Obsolete or Scotch.] 
For hyme that Is smetyne of his awenne blode, and 
to prevent it from penetrating the soil. 
plow-Silver (plou'sil'ver), n. In old Eny. lair. 
money paid by tenants and retainers in com- 
mutation of service due in plowing the lands 
of the lord of the manor. 
plow-SOCk (plou'sok), n. Same as plowshare, \. 
Xrott. [Scotch,] 
plow-Staff (plou'staf), 11. [< ME.ploglie-sta/e.'} 
A kind of paddle to clear the colter and shan- 
of a plow when choked with earth or weeds : 
called in Scotland & pattle or pettle. 
S0 p t ow, n., d a;. spredisaueoverhlslymmes.andwaxes^^airdbrekes D low- S tar (D lou'a tftr H Se \ he Plou- 
Cutting or ploughing the edges [of a book] with a knife- owte. Quoted in Cath. Ang.,p. 24. *,. Slar ( AT), n. 3 me 1 low, 
edged Instrument called the plough. Encyc. Brit., IV. 43. 
5. To cut or gash (a fish) with the plow or 
rimmer. [American fisheries.] 6. To reject, 
as a candidate in an examination ; pluck. [Brit- 
is suitable for tillage. 2. In early English 
tenures, as much land as could be tilled with 
the use of one plow ; a hide of land ; a caru- 
cate. It was a descriptive term by which land might be 
granted with the buildings thereon. The difference in 
early authorities as to the area is probably to be ex- 
that In some districts, and perhaps most generally, the 
plow was drawn by eight oxen, while In others It may 
nave been drawn by four. It seems generally to have 
contained about 100 acres more or less. " 
The pris of 
To aparail 
ramming for smalls ; and now I am in two 
races at Henley, and that rather puts the snaffle on reading 
and gooseberry pie, . . . anil adds to my chance of being 
ploughed tor smalls." "What does It all mean?" In- 
quired mamma, "'gooseberry pie' and 'the snaffle' ami 
'ploughed f" " Well, the gooseberry pie is really too deep 
for me ; but ' ploughed ' is the new Oxfordish for ' plucked. 
C. Jieade, Hard Cash, Prol. 
To plow In, to cover by plowing : as, to plow in wheat. 
To plow up or out, to turn out of the ground by plowing. 
All Egypt shall be plough'd up with dishonour. 
Fletcher (and another), False One, iv. 1. 
The Arctic glaciers reach the sea, enter it, often plough- 
ing up Ite bottom Into submarine moraines. 
Tiiinliill. Forms of Water, p. 134. 
II. intrans. To turn up the soil with a plow ; 
till the soil with a plow. 
He that plouyhfth shall plough in hope. 1 Cor. ix. 10. 
plowable, ploughable (plou'a-bl), a. [< plow, 
l>loni/li, + -able.] Capable of being plowed; 
arable. 
plow-almst (plou'fimz), w. A small coin paid 
to the church in England, in the early Anglo- 
Saxon period, for every plowland, or for every plowman, ploughman (plou'man), H. ; pi. 
use of a plow between certain fixed dates. 
plow-beam (plou'bem), w. [< ME. plow-beem, 
li!o/i/ii-/iniie; < plow + beam.] The solid hori- 
zontally projecting part of the frame of a plow, 
by which it is drawn. See cuts under plow. 
He was a little annoyed when Magill, getting down from 
the plow-beam, stopped him. 
E. Egglexton, The Oraysons, xvi. 
plow-bolt (plou'bolt), . A bolt for securing 
the share, laud-side, or mold-board of a plow to 
the Stock. The head is chamfered or countersunk, and 
in the former case generally has a square or fin. to prevent 
it from turning when the nut is screwed on. E. II. Knight 
plow. 
I'liKiloi, lAoolcy are your checks, 
And plooky is your chin. Thee lW>t starrye noting In globe celestial hanging : 
Sir Hugh le Blond (Child's Ballads, III. 25). Thee leun 8tar8 stormy, twise told thee pluintar, eke Arc- 
His face was as plooky as a curran' bun, and his nose as tUre ' Stanihunt, .neld, [ii. 528. (Dane..) 
red as a partan a tac. Gait, Provost, xxxii. (Dariet.) plOW-Stertt, [ME. ( = D. ploegstaart = MLG. 
plowland, ploughland (plou'land), n. [<ME. l>l"chgtert = Q.pjlugifter:,pflug8terze = Sw.plog- 
plowlond, plotrc-lond, plouz-lond (= D. ploeg- **) er * = Dan. plovstjert), < plow + stert, tail.] 
land = MLG. plochlant = G. pftugland = Icel. Samc plow-tail. 
ploi/sland = Sw. plogland = Dan. pliijeland); < Plow-stilt (plou stilt), n. A handle of a plow. 
plow + /rnirfi.] 1. Land that is plowed or that plow-swain (plou'swan), n. A plowman. 
Beasts leave their dials, plmtgh-nraint their fires forego, 
Nor are^he meadows white with drifts of snow. 
'lautint, tr. of Odes of Horace, L 4. (Dane*. ) 
(plou'tal), n. That part of a plow 
which the plowman holds ; the handle of a plow, 
plow-team (plou'tem), M. In early English 
times, usually a team of eight oxen, commonly 
yoked four abreast. The estimated work o'f 
such a team served as a measure of land. See 
plowland, 2. 
A plow-handle. 
" my 
, 
Compare attend, plow-tree (plou'tre), II. 
I whl " Ied the ame tnne 
Juffum terra, or half a plotc land, is as much as two Blaclnnore, Lonia Doone, Ixxlv. 
oxen can till. Sheppard, Touchstone. _i__ i_ / i /j i v 
Other, say that one oxgange of land contalneth 15 acres, Plow-truck (plou truk),,i. An attachment to a 
and 8 oxganges make a plow land. Coke upon Littleton. P low > ln tne 'O Of a riding-seat supported Oil 
two wheels, to enable the plowman to ride at 
his work. See sulky-plow, under pfotc. 
plow-wise (plou'wiz), a. Going alternately 
forward and backward in parallel lines, as in 
plowing. 
men, ploughmen (-men). "[< ME.ptoicmijn, ploug- 
man(=G. pfluymann); < plow + man.] One 
who plows or guides a plow; a farm laborer 
who is or may be engaged in plowing. 
Wille . . . wroujte that here Is wryten, and other werkes 
bothe 
Of Peres the Plomaan, and mechel puple al-so. 
Pien Plowman (AX xii. 102. 
The merchant gains by peace, and the soldiers by war, 
the shepherd by wet seasons, and the ploughmen by dry. 
Like any Plmyhman toilM tin- little Ood, 
His Tune he whistled, and his Wheat he so '<!. 
Prior. Cupid turned Ploughman (trans.). 
This was succeeded by Bonstrophedon, or plough-wine 
writing. Imae Taylor, The Alphabet,' I i 
plow-witcher ( plou' wich'er), n. Oneofacom- 
pauy of plowmen and other field-laborers who 
dra-i a plow from house to house, solicit hit; 
drink-money, with mumming, dancing, and 
other sports, preparatory to the firnt plowiug 
after the Christmas holidays. S,-c /'/ " 
iliiil. [Local, Eng.] 
