Podostenion 
and UK Et Indies with one, the type species, P.<*m- 
ItmluMtu, the thradfoot or river-weed, extending into the 
i,..illi. rn i nil.. I -Lit. , lli.> lia.- ! I or l.i.m.'ljini: 
atoms, crowing tut to stones, or In tome the plant fomu 
llchen-llke emit, lending up .hurt brmnchei only. Their 
niual upect U much that of a filamentous or memhnuHHii 
Podostomata (pod-o-sto'ma-tft), . pi. [NL.. 
iii-ut. pi. of "jxxlostomalus: sec podmttmnatoux.] 
A class of ArtlirofHtda, composed of the orders 
Trilobita and Mcroxtomata (the latter contain- 
ing the Xyphosura, Xynziphosura, and Bmyptg- 
ri'ln): BO called from the foot-like or ambula- 
tory character of the mouth-parts. They are 
an ancient generalized type, represented at the 
1. 1. -cut day by the king-crabs only. 
podostomatous (ixxl-o-stom'a-tus), a. [< NL. 
'podostomatus, < Or. iroi? (iroi-), foot, + <TTO/J, 
mouth.] Having foot-like mouth-parts; be- 
longing to the Podostomata. 
podotbeca (pod-6-the'ka), n.; pi. podothecse 
(-so). [NL., < tir. *ro(f "(d-), foot, + 6^?, 
sheath.] 1. In ornith., the covering of the foot, 
in so far as it is bare of feathers ; the tarsal 
envelop and the sheaths of the toes. 2. In 
t ntiiiii., a leg-case, or that part of the integu- 
ment of a | HI], a covering a leg. 
podothecal (pod-o-the'kal), a. [< podotlieca + 
-/.] Sheathing or in vesting the foot; of or per- 
taining to a podotheca. 
podotrochilitis (pod-o-tro-ki-li'tis), . [NL., < 
Gr. iroi? (TIM?-), footj 4- rpoxMa, pulley, T -Ms.'} 
An inflammatory disease of the fore foot in the 
horse, involving the synovial sheath between 
the sesaraoid or navicular bone of the third pha- 
lanx (or hoof) and the flexor perforans playing 
over it : commonly called navicular disease. It 
is a frequent cause of lameness. 
Podoura, podouran, etc. See Podura, etc. 
pod-pepper (pod'pep'er), n. See Capsicum. 
pod-shell (pod'shel), n. A bivalve mollusk of 
the family Pharidie. 
pod-shrimp (pod'shrimp), n. An entomostra- 
cous crustacean whose carapace is hinged or 
valvular, and thus capable of inclosing the legs 
as in a pod. The existing pod-shrimps are all small, 
but the type Is an old one, formerly represented by large 
entomostracans. It Is Illustrated in the cuts under Etthe- 
riida and Litntifti*. 
The once giant pad-ihrimpt of .Silurian times. 
Kncye. Brit., VI. 883. 
pod-thistle (pod'this'l), . The stemless this- 
tle, Citicus (Carduus) acaulis. 
The people at Brackley . . . always spoke of the stem- 
less thistle as the foHkUU. 
Academy, Jan. 11, 1890, p. SO. 
Podura, Podonra (po-du'rii, po-do'rii), . [NL. 
(Linnteus, 1748), < Or. iroif (nwi-), foot, + 017x1, 
tail.] 1. A Linnean genus of apterous insects, 
corresponding to the modern order Tliysainira, 
used by later naturalists with various restric- 
tions, and now typical of the family Poduridir. 
They have but one tarsal claw. Some forms arc found on 
standing water, others on the snow. They are known as 
gvriwjtatt* and *iunc-jltas. See cut under springtail. 
2. [/. <.] A species of this genus; a poduran. 
poduran, podouran (po-du'ran, p<Vdo'ran), a. 
and u. [< Podura + -/(.] 1. . Same as po- 
durous. 
II. w. A member of the genus Podura or the 
family Podtiridie. 
Podufellset, Podourellset (nod-u-rere, pod-ij- 
rel'e), n. pi. [NL., dim. of Poditra.'] In early 
systems of classification, as Leach s and La- 
treille's, a group of thysanurous insects, typi- 
fied by the genus Podura, inexactly correspond- 
ing to the modern order or suborder Cottem- 
Ixila. 
Poduridae, Podouridse (po-du'ri-de, po-do'ri- 
de), n.pl. [NL. (Burmeister, 1838), < Podiira + 
-idee.'] A family of thysanurous insects of the 
order Collrmbola, typified by the genus Podura, 
to which various limits have been assigned, it 
was formerly nearly equivalent to CoUembola, but Is now 
restricted to forms with the body cylindrical and the ap- 
pendage of the fourth alidominal segment developed into 
a saltatory apparatus. The mouth-parts are very rudimen- 
tary. The respiration Is trachea], though the podurans are 
supposed also to breathe directly through the integument. 
They are found almost everywhere in damp places. There 
are even! genera besides Podura, as A, turn, AchoreUtet, 
Tomocena, OrrheseUa. and Lepidoeyrttu. 8ee mme-fea, 
and cut under iprinataO. 
podurous (po-du'rus), a. [< Gr. ro(f (>ro<J-), foot, 
+ in'yia, tail.} Belonging or pertaining to the 
p-niis Podura in any sense. 
pod-ware (pod'war), M. Pulse growing in pods 
urn "is. Sc-i- /)</(/(/. L'. Ilillliiri-ll. [PrOV. Ellg.] 
podyperidrosis (pod-i-per-i-dro'sis), n. [NL., 
< tir. -"" (Tod-), foot, + I'.T/'/I. OVT, beyond. + 
'lAfiuair, perspiration: see hidrosis.] Excessive 
sweating of t he feet. 
4580 
poe 1 , . Sec poi. 
poe'-'(p6'o)i"- [Alsoj>c; a New Zealand name.] 
The poe-bird, originally called the poe bee-eater. 
Isttliam, 17K'-'. 
poe-bird (po'e-berd), n. [< poc? + ftirrfl.] The 
poe, tui, or parson-bird, Prostlienuidcra cincin- 
nata or nor/r-:ealandix, a meliphagine bird of 
New Zealand and Auckland, it is about as large 
a* a blackbird, Iridescent-black In color, with a patch of 
long curly white plumes on each side of the neck, and a 
white band on the wings. It Is valued both by the natives 
for its plumage, which contribute* to the ornamental ion of 
the feather mantles worn by them, and also as a cage-bird, 
from the fineness of Its song and IU powers of mimicry. 
See cat under parsonMrd. 
poecile (pe'si-le), n. [< Gr. irotKt>.n, sc. aria, a 
porch adorned with fresco-paintings, fern, of voi- 
icttof, many-colored, mottled, pied, variegated, 
various, manifold ; akin to L. pingere (y pie), 
paint : see picture, paint.] A stoa or porch on 
the agora of ancient Athens : so called from the 
paintings of historical and religious subjects 
with which its walls were adorned. See stoa. 
pcecilite (pe'si-lit), . Same as bortiite. Also 
poikilite. 
pcecilitic (pe-si-lit'ik), a. and n. [Also poiki- 
litic, and incorrectly pxcilitic; < Gr. nxwm'/of, 
many-colored, mottled, + -it-ic.'] A name sug- 
gested by Conybeare as an equivalent for New 
Red Sandstone, in allusion to its variegated col- 
or, the rocks of which this group is made up con- 
sisting chiefly of red, yellow, and variegated 
sandstones, conglomerates, and marls, with oc- 
casional beds of limestone. See sandstone, Per- 
mian, and New RedSandstone (under sandstone). 
pcecilocyte (pe'sil-o-sit), n. [< Gr. iro&of, 
many-colored, + Kbrof, a hollow.] A red blood- 
corpuscle of abnormal shape. 
pfflcilocytosis (pe'si-lo-si-to'sis), n. [NL., as 
paicilocyte + -<>.] The presence of poecilo- 
cytes in the blood. 
poecilonym (pe'si-lo-nim), n. [< Gr. imutftof, 
various, manifold, + bvvua, &vo/in, a name : see 
t>nym.~] One of two or more names for the same 
thing; a synonym, ll'ilder; Leitiy. 
pcecilonymic (pe-si-lo-nim'ik), a. [< pmsilony- 
m-y + -ic.] Characterized by or pertaining to 
pa'cilonymy. 
An unusually complete combination of ptreilonj/mie 
ambiguities. Buck's Handbook tied. Sci, p. 528. 
poecilonymy (pe-si-lon'i-mi), . [< peecilonym 
+ -y3.] The use f several different names for 
the same thing ; application of different terms 
indifferently to a thing; varied or varying no- 
menclature. The Nation, July 18, 1889. 
Poecilopoda (pe-si-lop'o-da), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. 
TtWKi'/'.of , many-colored, manifold, + irorf (TTOO-) = 
E./oof.j In Lutreille's system of classification, 
the second order of his Entomoxtraca, divided 
into two families, Xiphmtura and fHphonostoma. 
It was a highly artificial group. Including Limulits with 
numerous parasitic crustaceans, fish-lice, etc., as Aryvlux, 
Calvjvs, etc. Divested of these and restricted tx> the A'i 
phosura, the term Is synonymous with Merostomata in one 
sense. See Merostomata. 
poecilopodous (pe-si-lop'o-dus), a. Of or per- 
taining to the Po'cilopoda. 
poecilothermic (pe'si-16-ther'mik), n. [< Gr. 
jroci'/or, various, + Ofpun, heat.] Varying in 
bodily temperature with that of the surround- 
ing medium, as is particularly the case with 
cold-blooded animals. Also pvikilothcrmic. 
[Rare.] 
Most of the lower animals arc nnikilalhrrmie, or, as they 
have less appropriately been called, cold-blooded. 
data, Zool. (trans.), I. 74. 
poem (pd'om), n. [< OF. poeme, F. poeme = Sp. 
Pg. It. poema, < L. pocma, < Gr. iroiqfia, anything 
made or done, a poem,< iroteiv, make. Cf. poet,] 
1. A written composition in metrical form; a 
composition characterized by its arrangement 
in verses or measures, whether in blank verse 
or in rime : as, a lyric poem; a pastoral poem. 
The first and most necessarlc poynt that ener I founde 
meete to be considered in making of a delectable jwrnw Is 
this, to gronnde it upon some fine Inuentlon. 
(iaseoiffne. Notes on Eng. Verse, { 1 (Steele Glas, etc., ed. 
(Arlwr). 
A poem Is not alone any work or composition of the poeto 
In many or few verses ; but even one alone verse some- 
times make* a perfect poem. S. Jonsm, Discoveries. 
A pnem, round and perfect as a star. 
Alti. Smith, A Life Drama, II. 
There Is no heroic norm In the world but Is at bottom a 
biography, the life of a man. Carlyle, Sir Walter Scott. 
It Is not metres, hut a metre-making argument, that 
makes a poem. Emerson, The Poet. 
2. A written composition which, though not in 
verse, is characterized by imaginative and po- 
rt io beauty in either the thought or the lan- 
guage: as, a prose poem. 
poe 
Po 
poet 
poematic (po-e-mat'ik), a. [< Gr. r<v/iriki, 
poetical, < iroiqua, a poem: seejwcm.] Kelat- 
ing to a poem ; poetical. Coleridge. 
oenology, . See penology. 
'oephaga (po-ef'a-gii), n. pi. [NL. (Owen, 
1839), neut. pi. of poe^liagus : we^oapMfWMsVJ 
A division of Marsupialiti, including the kanga- 
roos and others which feed on grass and herb- 
age ; the herbivorous marsupials. 
poephagous (po-ef 'a-gus), a. [< NL. jNMptafiw, 
< Gr. jroMc) of, 'grass-eating, < iron, grass, + $a- 
ytlv, eat.] Eating grass; feeding on herbage; 
phytophagous or herbivorous; specifically, be- 
longing to the Poephaga. 
Poephagus (po-ef 'a-gus), n. [NL. (J. E. Gray, 
1846), <Gr. jroi^dj-oc, grass-eating: sec pot //<- 
gous.] A genus of Bovida, of the subfamily Bo- 
vinte; the yaks. The common yak is P.grunni- 
I-H.1, SIT cut miller i/nl:. 
Poephila (po-ef 'i-ia).n. [NL. (J. Gould, 1842), 
< Gr. v6a, grass, + 'iptMiv, love.] An Australian 
genus of Ploceidte, of the subfamily Kiicrmes- 
tina. There are several species, as P. acuti- 
cauda, P. personata, P. ciacta, P. leucvtis, and 
P. gonediie. 
poeplet, " A Middle English spelling of people. 
poesy (po'e-si), n. [Formerly also posy (q. v.); 
< ME. poesie, poyse = D. poezy, poezie = Q. poe- 
sie (formerly also poesci, poesey) = Sw. Dan. 
poesi, < F. poesie = OSp. poesi, Hp. poesia = Pg. 
It. poesia, < L. poesis, poesy, poetry, < Gr. irwn- 
atf, a making, creation, poesy, poetry, < itoiclv, 
make. Gt.poem,pot,J 1. The art of poetic 
composition ; skill in making poems. 
Poesie therefore Is an arte of Imitation, for so Aristotle 
termeth It in his word Mimesis that Is to say, a represent- 
ing, counterfeiting, or figuring foorth. 
Sir P. Sidney, Apol. for Poetrie. 
Poesy Is a part of learning in measure of word- for the 
most part restrained, but In all other point* extremely li- 
censed. Bacon, Advancement of Learning, ii. 141. 
A poem ... is the work of the poet, the end and fruit 
of his labour and study. Poesy Is his skill or craft of mak- 
ing, the very fiction itself, the reason or form of the work. 
/.'. Jotuon, Discoveries. 
2. Poetry ; metrical composition. 
By the many formes of Poesie the many moodes and pangs 
of loners throughly to he dlscouered. 
Pvttenham, Arte of Eng. Poesie, p. 36. 
Slmonides said that picture was a dumb />. and poe- 
sie a speaking picture. Holland, tr. of Plutarch, p. 806. 
Music and poesy used to quicken you. 
.sVniA., T. of tin- S., 1. 1. 36. 
I am satisfied if it cause delight ; for delight is the chief, 
if not the only, end of poesy; instruction can bo admitted 
but In the second place ; for poesy only Instructs as It de- 
lights. Dryden, Dcf. of Essay on Dram. Poesy. 
The lofty energies of thought, 
The flreofpwuy. 
Whittier, The Female Martyr. 
3t. A poem. 
Some few ages after came the poet Oefferyrhancer, who, 
writing his poesies in EnglUh, is of some called the first 
Illuminator of the English tongue. 
Verstegan, Rest of Decayed Intelligence, vii. 
4t. A motto or sentimental conceit engraved 
on a ring or other trinket. See posy. 
A hoone of Gold, a paltry King 
That she did glue me, whose Poesie was 
For all the world like Cutlers Poetry 
Vpon a knife ; Loue mee, and leane mee not. 
Shot., M. of V. (folio 1023X v. 
Nay, and I have poesies for rings too, and riddles that 
they dream not of, D. Jonton, Cynthia's Revels, II. 1. 
poet (po'et), n. [< ME. poett, < OF. poflf. F. 
poete = Sp. Pg. It. poeta = D. poeet = G. Sw. 
I>an. poet, < L. pocta, < Gr. vmrrrr/t, a maker, 
poet, < notc'iv, make. Cf . poem, poesy."] 1. One 
who composes or indites a poem ; an author of 
metrical compositions. 
A poet Is a maker, as the word signifies : and he who can- 
not make, that is Invent, hath his name for nothing. 
Dryden. 
Search 'd every tree, and pry'd on every flower, 
If anywhere by chance 1 might espy 
The rural poet of the melody. 
Dryden, Flower and Leaf, L 12S. 
2. One skilled in the art of making poetry, or 
of metrical composition ; one distinguished by 
the possession of poetic faculties or suscepti- 
bilities ; one endowed with the gift and power 
of imaginative invention and creation attended 
by corresponding eloquence of expression, com- 
monly but not necessarily in a metrical form. 
Semblably they that make verses, expressyngc th< il<> 
none other lernyngc, but the crafte of vi isiil.-nitr, ! not 
of aunclent writers named ixielr*, but nnl> rnlli-il vrrif>- 
ers. .'Vr T. Klin*. Tin- (iovemoiir. I. 1:1. 
I begin now, elevutnl b> in> ,-nl.jirt, t.i write with the 
Emotion and Fury of a Poet, vet the Integrity of an Hi- 
torlan. Wyckerley, Love in n Wood, I Nil. 
