polychromatic 
as there are colors to be represented, each of these being 
appropriated for a particular tint, while all parts other- 
wise tinted in the original are masked on the negative with 
an opaque pigment. Gelatin pictures of the required tints 
are then prepared from the negatives, and superimposed 
in turn by a system of registration over a print of the 
whole subject previously made with a neutral ground, 
thus completing the polychromatic picture. This process 
gives strikingly naturalistic results in the reproduction 
of goldsmiths' work, enamels, mosaics, etc. 
polychrome (pol'i-krom), a. and n. J= P. poly- 
chrome ; { Gr. Tro^i'^/xj/iof, also 
many-colored, (. TTO^VC, many, + xP<->na- (xf 
color: see chrome.] I. a. Having or tinted with 
several or many colors ; executed in the manner 
of polychromy : as, polychrome sculpture ; poly- 
chrome architecture. 
A large panorama of Pergamon, . . . exhibited in con- 
Junction with a full size plastic restoration and polychrome 
reconstruction of the eastern front of the Olympian tem- 
ple. Tenth Report of the Archseol. Institute o/ America, 
(1688-9, p. 65. 
Polychrome printing, the art or process of printing In 
several colors at the same time. 
II. n. A fluorescent substance (C 2 iHo4Oi3), 
forming prismatic crystals, odorless, with a bit- 
ter taste and slight acid reaction. It is obtained 
from the bark of the horse-chestnut and from quassia- 
wood, etc. A solution of polychrome appears colorless by 
transmitted light, but blue by reflected light. Acids de- 
stroy the fluorescence of the liquid; alkalis increase it. 
polychromic (pol-i-kro'mik), a. [(polychrome 
+ -ic.] Same as polychromatic Polychromic 
acid (also called aloetic acid), an acid produced by the ac- 
tion of nitric acid upon aloes. 
polychromy (pol'i-kro-mi), n. [= P. polychro- 
mie, < Gr. as if *7roAi^pu/iia, < TroXi^xj/iof , many- 
colored : see polychrome.] Decoration or exe- 
cution in many colors ; specifically, the practice 
of coloring more or less completely statues and 
the exteriors and interiors of buildings. Thi 
practice dates from the highest antiquity, and reached its 
greatest artistic perfection in Greece, where it was consis- 
tently applied to all sculpture and architecture. In archaic 
examples the coloring was the most complete and strong, 
and In the case of sculpture was to a great extent conven- 
tional men's flesh, for instance, being colored deep-brown 
or red, and women's white or yellowish. In the architec- 
ture of the best time, while surfaces of considerable extent 
were still brilliantly colored, as in red or blue, the chief 
part of many features, as of columns, was left In the natu- 
ral color of the marble, or perhaps merely slightly tinted, 
and discreetly set oh* with meanders or other ornaments 
in gilding or strong color. Throughout Europe, during the 
twelfth and thirteenth centuries, architectural polychromy 
was employed with admirable effect. 
Polychrus (pol'i-krus) ; n. [NL. (Cuvier, 1817), < 
Gr. m>/U''f, many, + xp^< color of the skin, com- 
plexion.] 1. A leading genus of lizards of the 
family Ignanidse, having smooth scales, a small 
dewlap, no dorsal crest, and the squarish head 
covered with numerous plates: so called from 
its versicoloration. P. marmoratiis inhabits 
Central America and portions of South Ameri- 
ca. 2. [/. c.] A member of this genus : as, the 
marbled polychrus. 
polycladous (pol-i-kla'dus), a. [<Gr. n-oK'K/a- 
<5of, with many boughs and branches, < iro/ti-f, 
many, + K/tadof, a young slip or shoot.] In bot., 
much-branched. 
polyclady (pol'i-kla-di), n. [< Gr. 
i!of, with many 
boughs and 
branches: see 
polycladous.] In 
bot., the produc- 
tion of a num- 
ber of branches 
where there is 
normally but one. 
See plica, 2. 
Polycletan (pol- 
i-kle'tan), a. [< 
L. Polycletus, Po- 
lyclitus, < Gr. IIo- 
A{>K/-<ro?, Poly- 
cletus (see def.), 
+ -an.] Pertain- 
ing to the great 
Greek sculptor 
Polycletus of Ar- 
gosandSicyou,a 
contemporary 
and emulator of 
Phidias, to the 
school of art in- 
spired by him, or 
to the sculptural 
canon of per- 
fect human pro- 
portions which 
he established 
(see dorypho- PolydeUl , SchM , 0( <*,,,,._*,, 
ru.t) . in the Museum of Berlin. 
4001 
polyclinic, n. See policlinic. 
polycoccous (pol-i-kok'us), a. [NL., < Gr. rroXrf, 
many, + xonxof, berry: see coccus.] In hot., 
having several cocci: said of a dry pericarp 
whose lobes separate at maturity. 
Polyccelia 1 (pol-i-se'li-ft), >i. [NL., fern, sing., 
< dr. n-o/.i'c, many, + MMA/O, cavity: see caelui.] 
A genus of fossil rugose corals of the family 
Stauridse, from the Permian formation. 
Polyccelia 2 (pol-i-se'li-ft), n. pi. [NL., < Gr. iro- 
Ai'C, many, + noMa, cavity.] Animals whose en- 
cephaloccele is segmented into several cceliffi, 
as all skulled vertebrates. They have the neuron 
partly preaxial, the axon verttbrated, and the heart with 
more than a single cavity. Wilder, A in. r. Nat, XXI. 914. 
polyccelian (pol-i-se'li-an), a. [< PolyetxUaft + 
-an.] Having several ccelite ; of or pertaining 
to the Polycadia. 
polycceranyt (pol-i-se'ra-ni), n. [Also polyca- 
rnnie; (. Gr. (Ionic) TTO/UMW/XIW/, rule of many, 
< Tro/lrf, many, + noipavoc,, a ruler.] A govern- 
ment by many rulers, lords, or princes. [Bare.] 
The world would be a ptiltichafrany or aristocracy of 
Gods. CudwortA, Intellectual System, p. 4LL 
polyconic (pol-i-kon'ik), a. [= P. polycon ique, 
< Gr. Tro/.rf, many, + nuvof, a cone: see cone, 
cowtc.] Pertaining to or based upon many 
cones Polyconic map-projection. See projection. 
polycoria (pol-i-ko'n-ft), . [NL., < Gr.n-o?.;?, 
many, + ndw, the pupil of the eye.] The pres- 
ence of more than one pupil in an eye. 
Polycotylea (pol-i-kot-i-le'ft), n.pl. [NL.,< Gr. 
TroXif, many, T liorWj?, a vessel, cup: see cotyle, 
2.] A section of octopod cephalopoda charac- 
terized by two or three rows of suckers on each 
iii-iii. comprising the Octopodidse, Tremoctopodi- 
<lie, and Araunautida : contrasted with MOIIO- 
ci it ylea. 
polycotyledon(pol-i-kot-i-le'don), n. [NL., < 
Gr. To/.rf, many, + Konfarfuv, cavity: see coty- 
ledon.] A plant whose embryo has a whorl of 
more than two cotyledons or seed-leaves. This 
is normally the case with the pines and most l'<>n\frr*. 
It is true In appearance In a few aberrant dicotyledons, 
as the genus Amrincltia of the Burayinex, whose cotyle- 
dons are two parted, and one species of l^epidium, whose 
cotyledons are three-parted. See cut under cotyledon. 
polycotyledonary (pol-i-kot-i-le'don-a-ri), a. 
[< polycotyledon + -aru'.] In zodl., having 
many cotyledons, or tufts of fetal villi, as the 
chorion or placenta of a mammal. 
polycotyledonous (pol-i-kot-i-le'don-us), a. 
[< polycotyledon + -ous.] Possessing more than 
two cotyledons, as an embryo; producing an 
embryo with more than two cotyledons, as a 
plant. 
polycotyledony (pol-i-kot-i-le'don-i), n. [< 
polycotyledoH + -y 3 .] In tint., an aberrant in- 
crease in the number of cotyledons, as in Cola 
aciiminata, where they vary from two to five. 
polycracy (po-lik'ra-si), H. [< Gr. ro?.ifi many, 
+ -Kparia, < K/xiTeh', rule.] Government by many 
rulers; polyarchy. 
polycrase (pol'i-kraz), n. [< Gr. iro>.ic, many, 
+ Kpaaic.. a mixing: see crasis.] A rare titano- 
niobate of uranium, the metals of the yttrium 
group, and other bases: it is found in Norway, 
and also in North Carolina. 
polycrotic (pol-i-krot'ik), a. [< Gr. iroAi'-f , many, 
+ K/xiTof, a rattling noise, beat, clash : see di- 
crotic.] Having several beats; having several 
secondary waves : said of some pulses. 
Polyctenes (po-lik'te-nez), n. [NL. (West- 
wood ; Giglioli,' 1864), < Gr. jro?.i?, many, + <rrf/r 
(KTEV-), a comb.] A genus of true lice, typical 
of the family Polyctenidee. The head Is armed be- 
neath with rows of long flat spines, whence the name. The 
species are parasites of bats In Jamaica and China, and 
doubtless elsewhere. This remarkable form has been of 
disputed location, being by some referred to the pupip- 
arous dipterous insects 
Polyctenidae (pol-ik-ten'i-de), n. pi. [NL., < 
Polyctenes + -ida.] A family of true lice, or 
Hemiptera parasitica, represented by the genus 
Polyctenes. Westirood, 1874. 
polycyclic (pol-i-sik'lik), a. [< Gr. irol.i'Kwdof, 
with many circles, < iroM-t., many, + /cric/'.of, a 
ring, circle.] Having many rounds, turns, or 
whorls, as a shell. 
polycystic(pol-i-8is'tik),<i. [<Gr- ToPi'-f, many, 
+ ui-ffT/f, a bag: see cyst.] Having many cysts 
or sacs, as a tumor. 
Polycystida (pol-i-sis'ti-da). . /</. [NL., < Gr. 
-o/.ic, many, + Krone, bag (see cyst), + -ida.] 
A family of Xasxcllaria. The skeleton Is an irregular 
fenestrated shell, composed of seyeral unequal chambers, 
piled usually irregularly (rarely in definite order varying 
from that of the Cyxtidea) round a primary capitolum (de- 
rivable from the twin shell of the SphyrMa), with or with- 
out spiculea. 
polyergic 
polycystidan (pol-i-sis'ti-dan), a. and n. I. <i. 
Of or pertaining to the Polycuxliiln. 
II. . A member of the I'olycyxtMa . 
Polycystina (pol'i-sis-ti'nft), . pi. [NL., < Or. 
n-o/.i'f, many, + xwrif, bag (see cyst), + -inn*.] 
Ehrenberg's name (given by him in the form 
Polycistina) of all those radiolarians which 
were known to him: loosely synonymous with 
Radio/arid. 
polycystine (pol-i-sis'tin), a. and n. I. a. Of 
or pertaining to the Polycystina: now noting 
one of the divisions of Radiolaria. 
II. ii- A member of the Polycystina. 
polycythemia (pol'i-si-the'mi-ft), n. [NL. - 
lycytlieeniia, < Gr. n-o?.i? , many, + KI'TOC, a hollow 
(cell),+ a'ifia, blood.] Excess of red corpuscles 
in the blood. 
Polycyttaria (pol'i-si-ta'ri-a), n. pi. [NL., < 
many, + xiVropof, a cell, < KITOC, a 
Gr. 
hollow.} A family or other group of Radiolaria, 
containing compound or colonial forms having 
many central capsules connected by extracap- 
suliir protoplasm; the polycyttarian radiola- 
rians. The capsules are multlnuclear, multiplying by 
fission, and the skeleton it spherical and fenestrated or 
composed of loose spicules, or absent Leading forms 
are Cws)*i i, Sphierozoum, and Cvilozoum. Also called 
Coilozoa. 
polycyttarian (pol'i-si-ta'ri-an), a. and w. [< 
Gr. iro3if, many, + KVTTOIMS, a cell, + -fan.] I. 
a. Having several central capsules; pluricap- 
snlar, as a radiolarian ; of or pertaining to the 
Polycyttaria. 
II. n. A member of the Polycyttaria. 
polydactyl, polydactyle (pol-i-dak'til), a. and 
. K Gr. jroAixiddTi'Aof, many-toed, < ir/.(-f, many, 
+ odKrv)jjf, a finger, a toe: see dactyl,] I. <i. 
Having many digits, whether fingers or toes ; 
exhibiting or characterized by poTydactylisin. 
II. w. A polydactyl animal. 
polydactylism (pol-i-dak'ti-lizm), M. [= F. 
polydactylixme ; as polydactyl + -ism.] The 
condition of having many 
digits that is, more than 
the normal number of fin- 
gers or toes; the state of 
being polydactyl. 
polydactylous (pol-i-dak'- 
ti-lus), a. Same as poly- 
dactyl. 
polydactyly (pol-i-dak'ti- 
li), n. [< polydactyl + -y3.] 
Same aitiMilydactylimu. 
polydelphous fpol-i-del'- 
fus), a. An improper form 
of iiolyadrl/ihoim. 
polydimensional (pol'i-di- 
men'shon-al), a. [< Gr. iv>iydt,i,i ^ Hd. 
iro/.tf, many, -f E. dimension + -al.] Of more 
than three dimensions. Nature, XXX. 24. 
polydlpsia (pol-i-dip'si-8), n. [NL., < Gr. as if 
*Tro%vonj>ia, great thirstXVoXwJi^oc, very thirsty, 
tro/UA^of, making very thirsty, < n-oArf, much, 
+ di'^o, thirst.] In pathol., excessive thirst. It 
is usually accompanied by hydruria. 
polydromic (pol-i-drom'ik), a. Same as poly- 
tropic. 
polydymite(po-lid'i-mit),n. Asulphidofnickel, 
occurring in isometric octahedrons and in mas- 
sive forms, of a light-gray color and brilliant 
metallic luster. A ferriferous variety from On- 
tario carries a small amount of platinum. 
polyedral, polyedron, etc. Same as polyhedral, 
etc. 
polyembryonate (pol-i-em'bri-o-nat), a. [As 
polyembryon-y + -ate 1 .] In bot., pertaining to 
polyembryony ; consisting of or having several 
embryos. 
polyeinbryonic (pol-i-em-bri-on'ik), a. [As 
polyeil>ryitn-y + -ic.] Same as polyentlrryoiiate. 
polyembryony (pol-i-em'bri-o-ni), . [< Gr. 
n-o't'f, many, T l/tjipvw, an embryo : see embryo.] 
In hot., the production or existence of two or 
more embryos in one seed a phenomenon oc- 
curring, sometimes regularly and sometimes ab- 
normally, in the development of the ovules of 
(lowering plants. In angiospermous plants several 
germinal masses usually occur in the unfertilized embryo- 
sac, but in most cases only one of these Is impregnated, 
and, although occasionally more than one commence the 
course of development, as in the Orrhidtit, generally all 
but one become subsequently obliterated. In the orange, 
however, this is not the case, and its ripe seeds are met 
with containing more than one embryo. 
polyemia, . See /iiili/li<i>ii<i. 
polyergic (\><>\-t-i-r'j\k), a. [< (ir. TTII'/ i-rpfOf, 
imirh-workiiig, < rro/i'f, much, + tpyov, work.] 
Acting, or endowed with the power of acting, 
in many ways. 
