preoral 
mouth anil tip be folded back, linn forming tlio top of the 
head : opposed to pontoral segments. From these segments 
are developed the eyes, ocelli, antennae, and antennules, 
which are therefore called preoral organs. Opinions differ 
as to the number of preoral segments; some writers be- 
lieve that as many as four can be traced In insects, dis- 
tinguishing them as the antrnnary, ophthalmic, teeond 
ocellary, and first ocellary segments, the last-named the 
most anterior, morphologically, of all. 
preorally (pre-6'ral-i), adv. In advance of the 
mouth. 
There is reason to believe that these thirteen apparent 
ganglia really represent twenty pairs of primitive ganglia, 
one pair for each somite, the three anterior pairs having 
coalesced areoratty to form the brain. 
Huxley and Martin, Elementary Biology, p. 184. 
preordain (pre-6r-dan'), v. t. [= F. pre'ordon- 
iicr = Sp. preordinar = Pg. preordenar = It. pre- 
iii-ilinare, < LL. prteordinare, order beforehand, < 
L. prx, before, + ordinare, order : see ordain.'] 
To ordain or decree beforehand ; predetermine. 
May be this misery 
Was pre-orttainde for thy felicity. 
Tiauf Whittle (E. E. T. S.\ p. 101. 
If God preordained a Saviour for man before he had 
either made man or man marred himself, . . . then sure- 
ly he meant that nothing should separate us from his eter- 
nal love in that Saviour. Ken. T. Attaint, Works, III. & 
preorder (pre-6r'der), v. t. [< pre- + order.] 
To order or arrange beforehand; prearrange; 
foreordain. 
The free acts of an Indifferent are, morally and ration- 
ally, as worthless as the preordered passion of a determined 
will. Sir W. Hamilton. 
preordinance (pre-dr'di-nans), n. [< prc- + 
ordinance. Ct.ii.preordinate.] An ordinance 
or rule previously established. 
These conchings and these lowly courtesies 
Might fire the blood of ordinary men, 
And turn pre-ordinance and first decree 
Into the law of children. Khali., J. ('.. III. 1. 38. 
preordinatet (pi-e-6r'di-nat), a. [< LL. prteor- 
dinatiut, pp. of prteordiiiare , order beforehand: 
see ordiiiate.] Foreordained; predetermined: 
used with the force of a participle. 
Am I of that vt-rtue that I may resiste agayne celestial! 
influence preordinate by prouidence diulne? 
Sir T. Klyot, The Governour, II. 12. 
preordination (pre-dr-di-na'shon), n. [= F. 
preordination = Sp. nreordinac&n = Pg. preor- 
denacflo = It. preordinazione; as prc- + ordina- 
tion.] The act of preordaining ; predetermina- 
tion ; foreordination. 
The world did from everlasting hang In his [God's) fore- 
knowledge and preordination. 
Ren. T. Adanu, Works, III. 165. 
prep (prep), H. [Short for preparatory.'} A 
student who is taking a preparatory course of 
study ; especially, one who is preparing for col- 
lego. [College slang, U. 8.] 
prep. An abbreviation of preposition. 
Prepalaeozoic, a. See Frepaleozoic. 
prepalatal (pre-pal'ii-tal), . [< L.prse, before, 
+ pttlatum, palate, -t- -al.] In anat., placed in 
front of the palate: as, the prepalatal aperture. 
prepalatine (pre-pal'a-tin), a. Same as prc- 
ptuatal. 
Prepaleozoic, Prepalaeozoic (pre-pa'le-o-zo'- 
ik), a. [< prc- + PaieOfOie.] Previous to the 
Paleozoic period. 
preparable (prep'a-ra-bl), a. [= F. pr< para- 
ble; as prepare + -able.] Capable of being 
prepared. 
If there be any such medicine preparable by art. 
Boyle, Free Inquiry, $ 7. 
preparancet (pre-par'ans), n. [< prepare + 
-ancf.] Preparation. 
I founde great tumult cs among the people, and prepar- 
ance for warres in Scotland. 
Eden, tt. of Peter Martyr. (Latham.) 
preparatet, . [< ME. preparat, < L. prxpara- 
tus, pp. of prsepanire, prepare: see prepare.] 
Prepared. 
Sal tartre, alkaly, and sal preparat. 
Chaucer, Prol. to Canon's Yeoman's Tale, 1. 257. 
Take that blood . . . and brale It with the .10. part of 
comen salt preparate to medicyns of men. 
Book of Quintessence (ed. Fnrnlvall), p. 11. 
preparation (prep-a-ra'shon), n. [< OF. prepa- 
ration, F. prejMtration = Sp. preparacion = Pg. 
preparayfto = It. preparazione, < L. prtepara- 
tio(n-), a making ready, < prieparare, pp. prie- 
paratus, make ready beforehand: see prepare.'} 
1. The act of preparing or making ready; quali- 
fication for a particular use, service, or appli- 
cation; adaptation to an end; training; equip- 
ment. 
Be yare in thy preparation, for thy assailant is quick, 
skilful, and deadly. Shale., T. N., ill. 4. 245. 
It is in and by freedom only, that adequate preparation 
for fuller freedom can be made. 
Gladstone, Might of Right, p. 206. 
4605 
2. Formation; composition; manufacture: as, 
the preparation of gunpowder; tiu preparation 
of glycerin. 3. A measure or means taken 
beforehand to secure a certain result; a pre- 
paratory proceeding or circumstance. 
Defences, musters, preparation*, 
Should be malnhtin'd, assembled, and collected, 
As were a war in expectation. 
ShaJc., Hen. V., II. 4. 18. 
In the midst of these warlike preparation*, however, 
they received the chilling news that the colony of Massa- 
chusetts refused to back them In this righteous war. 
Irving, Knickerbocker, p. 304. 
And the best preparation for a life of hard work, of trial, 
and difficulty, Is to have a happy childhood and youth to 
look back to. J. F. Clarke, Self-Culture, Int., p. 21. 
4. The state of being prepared or in readiness ; 
preparedness. 
Stand therefore, having . . . your feet shod with the 
preparation of the gospel of peace. Eph. vL 15. 
I wonder at the glory of this kingdom, 
And the most Iwunteous preparation, 
Still as I pass, they court me with. 
Fletcher (and another). False One, ill. 4. 
5f. That which is equipped or fitted out. 
The Turkish preparation makes for Rhodes. 
Shot., Othello, I. :;. 14. 
6f. That which results from mental or moral 
training; qualification; accomplishment. 
The preparation! of the heart In man, and the answer 
of the tongue, is from the Lord. Prov. xvi. 1. 
Yon are a gentleman of excellent breeding, . . . gener- 
ally allowed for your many war-like, court-like, and learned 
preparation*. Shalt., M. W. of W., il. 2. 237. 
7. That which is prepared, manufactured, or 
compounded: as, a chemical preparation; a 
preparation of oil and wax. 
I wish the chymists had been more sparing who magnify 
their preparation!. Sir T. lirmcne. 
Free nations, for the sake of doing mischief to others, 
. . . have consented that a certain preparation of grain 
shall be Interdicted in their families. 
Landor, Kusciusko and Poniatowskl. 
8. In anat., an animal body or any part of it 
prepared for anatomical purposes, or preserved 
to display parts already dissected. Preparations 
are roughly divided into tint and irrt. A wet preparation 
is immersed in a preservative fluid, usually alcohol, often 
glycerin, sometimes chlorld of zinc. l>ry preparations arc 
of more varied character: a skeleton is a familiar exam- 
ple. Microscopic preparations are usually thin slices or 
sections permanently mounted on slides. All preparations 
are ipeemtiu, but a specimen may be a natural object 
upon which no work has been done, while preparation 
implies some special steps taken for display or preserva- 
tion, or both. Models in wax and papier-niachi! are often 
called preparation*. 
9. In counterpoint and strict musical compo- 
sition generally: (a) that treatment of the 
voice-parts whereby a dissonance in any chord 
is introduced as a consonance in the preced- 
ing chord, and simply held over into the dis- 
sonant chord by its own voice-part, while the 
others move; (6) a consonant tone in any 
voice-part which is thus about to become a 
dissonance. In early counterpoint no dissonances 
were permitted; later, they were admitted as suspen- 
sions (see nupeurivn) that is, consonances held over into 
chords with which they are at flrst dissonant ; next, they 
were allowed whenever thus prepared or foreshadowed, 
whether resolved as suspensions or not. In free writing, 
dissonances are often abruptly introduced without pre- 
vious sounding. Preparation Is opposed to perctation, 
which is the actual sounding of the dissonance as such, 
and to rrailiitiiai, which Is the final merging of the dis- 
sonance into a consonant chord. 
10. The day before the sabbath or any other 
Jewish feast-day. Also called day of the prepa- 
ration (Mat. xxvii. 62). Compare parancere. 
It was the preparation, that Is, the day before the Sab- 
bath. Mark XT. 42. 
And It was the preparation of the passovcr, and about 
the sixth hour. John xlx. 14. 
11. Eccles., devotions or prayers used by the 
celebrant or officiant, assistants, choristers, 
etc., before the encharistic or other offices. 
preparative (pre-par'a-tiv), a. and n. [< ME. 
"prcparatif, prep'eratif, "< OF. (and F.) prepa- 
ratif = Sp. Pg. It. preparativo ; < ML. *priepa- 
raticus, serving to prepare,< L. prieparare, pre- 
pare: see prepare.] I. a. Serving or tending 
to prepare or make ready ; preparatory. 
The work of reformation cannot be finished in a day, 
nor even begun before the preparative steps have been 
taken. Qoldtmith, National Concord. 
Wohler's synthetical method for preparatire purposes 
usually assumes the following form. 
Kncyc. Brif.,XXIV. 11. 
Preparative meeting, in the Society of Friends: (a) a 
business meeting, or meeting for discipline, held before 
the monthly meeting, to which it is subordinate ; (6) the 
organization which holds the meeting. F.ach monthly 
meeting has usually two or more preparative meetings 
connected with it. 
prepare 
H. n. That which is preparatory; something 
that prepares or paves the way ; a preparatory 
measure or act. 
Nyghte riotours that wll no waryn spare, 
Wythe-outen llcens or eny liberte, 
Tyl sodyn perel bryng hem yn thr snare, 
A preperal\f that they shal neuer the. 
Lyaijate, Order of tools, in Bookc of Precedence 
|(E. E. T. S., extra ser.), I. 83. 
We . . . yet, after all these spiritual! preparatirei and 
purgations, hare our earthly apprehensions so clamm'd 
and f in Til with the old levin. 
Milton, On Def. of Hniiib. Kemonst. 
By all means they |the Jews) were resolv'd to endure a 
siege, and, as a preparative for that, (hey burnt up almost 
all the stores of provision which were among them. 
StiUingJIeet, Sermons, I. vlll. 
Their conversation Is a kind of preparative for sleep. 
Sieele, Tatler, No. 132. 
preparatively (pre-par'a-ti v-li), adv. In a pre- 
parative manner; by way of preparation. 
It is preparatioely necessary to many useful things in 
this life, as to make * man a good physician. 
.SVr Jf. Hale. 
preparator (pre-par'a-tor), . [= F. prepara- 
tcnr = lt. preparature, < LL. prteparator, one who 
makes ready, < L. pr/rpararc, pp. prieparattm, 
prepare: see prepare.] One who prepares or 
makes ready; a preparer; specifically, one who 
prepares anatomical subjects or specimens of 
mi i nnil history for study or exhibition; a pro- 
sector; a taxidermist. 
The progress of the work upon the cast of the fin-back 
whale has been alluded to In connection with the work of 
the preparatori. Smithtonian Keport, 1881, p. 103. 
While, however, the use of the photograph for outlines 
diminishes the labor of the artist about one-half, it in- 
creases that of the preparator. Science, III. 443. 
preparatorily (pre-par'a-to-ri-li), <idr. Prepar- 
ative ly. 
When we get the chromosphere agitated preparatorily 
to one of these tremendous on thursts - one of these metal- 
lic prominences, as they arc called the lines which we see 
are different from those in the table which I have given. 
Sature, XXXIII. 540. 
preparatory (pi'e-par'a-to-ri), . and H. [< ML. 
'prteparatoriue (in neut. pr&paratorium, as a 
noun, apparatus), < L. pne^iiirarc, prepare: see 
prepare.] I. . 1. Preparing or serving to pre- 
pare the way for something to follow; antece- 
dent; preparative; introductory: as, to adopt 
preparatory measures. 
Rains were but preparatory; the violence of the deluge 
depended upon tin- disruption of the great abyss. 
T. Kurnct. 
The Old Testament system was preparatory ami pro- 
phetic. C. llodije, (In Rom. v. 14. 
We were drinking coffee, preparatory to our leaving 
Metrahenny and beginning our voyage In earnest. 
Bruce, Source of the Nile, I. 67. 
After x preparatory hem! . . . the poetess began. 
Durham, Ingoldshy Legends, I. 34. 
Tin 1 work most needed is not as yet pure criticism, but 
art- teaching as preparatory to it. 
P. O. Uamerton, Thoughts about Art, xL 
2. In course of preparation ; receiving prepara- 
tive instruction or training: as, a preparatory 
student. preparatory Committee, in the Scottish 
Parliament, a committee of members which prepared legis- 
lation for the full body, or perhaps legislated in Its place, 
in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Subsequently 
called Lordt of the Articlet. Preparatory lecture or 
service, in some churches, a week-day service prepara- 
tory to the communion. =8yn. 1. Introductory, etc. (see 
preliminary), prefatory. 
H. n. ; pi. preparatories (-riz). A prepara- 
tive. [Rare.] 
All this amazing majesty and formidable preparatories 
are for the passing of an eternal sentence upon us accord- 
ing to what we have done In the body. 
Jer. Taylor, Works, I. lit 
prepare (pre-par'), p. ; pret. and pp. prepared, 
ppr. preparing. [< OF. preparer, F. prfparer 
= Sp. Pg. preparar = It. prejxtrare, < L. prx- 
parare, make ready beforehand, prepare, < prte, 
before, + parare, make ready: see jiarc^.] 
1. trait,*. 1. To set in order or readiness for a 
particular end; make ready; provide; adapt by 
alteration or arrangement. 
In fell motion, 
With his prepared sword, he charges home 
My unprovided body. Shale., Lear, ii. 1. 53. 
Do you know who dwells above, sir. 
And what they have prepared for men turn'd devils? 
Fletcher, Humorous Lieutenant, iv. 5. 
Who would haue desired a better aduantage then such 
an aduertisement, to haue prepared the Fort for such an 
assault ? Quoted in Capt. John Smith't Works, II 90. 
We ascended this flrst part of the hills, and stopped at 
a tent of Arabs, it being very hot weather ; here they pre- 
pared for us eggs, and also sower milk. 
PocoeJre, Description of the East, II. i. 7:p. 
2. To bring into a particular mental state with 
reference to the future ; fit by notification or 
