private 
In our private towards Coil being as holy and devout 
M If wo prayed In public. 
Jtr. Taylor, Works (ed. 18S5), I. 888. 
6. jil. The privjiti- pnrts of the body. 7. In 
some colleges, a private admonition in pri- 
vate, privately ; in secret ; not publicly. 
They do desire some speech with you in private. 
B. Jonson, Catiline, iv. &. 
The private, private life of individuals, or what relates 
to private life : opposed to and suggested by the phrase 
the public. | Rare.] 
I long to Bee yon a history painter. You have already 
done enough for the private ; do something for the public. 
Pope, To Jervas, Nov. 29, 1716. 
privatet (pri'vat), r. t. [< li.pricatus, pp. of pri- 
rare, strip, deprive : see .private, a. Cf. prive.'] 
To deprive. 
They woulde not onelye lese their worldely substaunce, 
but also be pryvated of their lives and worldly felycytie, 
rather then to sulfre Kynge Rycharde, that tyraunt, lenger 
to rule and reygne over them. 
Hall, Rich. III., f. 17. (HallimU.) 
privateer (pri-va-ter'), . [(pi-irate + -eer.] 1. 
An armed vessel owned and officered by private 
persons, but acting under a commission from 
the state usually called letters of marque. It 
answers to a company on land raised and commanded by 
private persons, but acting under regulations emanating 
from the supreme authority, rather than to one raised and 
acting without license, which would resemble a privateer 
without commission. ( B'ooieei/, Introd. to Inter. Law, 121.) 
He is at no charge fora fleet farther than providing pri- 
vattert, wherewith his subjects carry on a piratical war at 
their own expense. Suift, Conduct of the Allies. 
2. The commander of, or a man serving on board 
of, a privateer. 
Meeting with divers Disappointments, and being out of 
hopes to obtain a Trade in these Seas, his Men forced him 
to entertain a Company of Privateers which he met with 
near Nlcoya, Dampier, Voyages, I. 187. 
privateer (pri-va-ter'), r. t. [< privateer, .] 
To cruise in a privateer for the purpose of 
seizing an enemy's ships or annoying his com- 
merce. Privateering was abolished by the treaty of Paris 
of 1856, and this article has been assented to by nearly all 
civilized nations; the most prominent exception is the 
United States. 
In 1797 the United States passed a law to prevent citi- 
zens of the United States from primteering against nations 
in amity with or against citizens of the I nited States. 
Schuyler, Amer. Diplomacy, p. 383. 
privateering (pri-va-ter'ing), w. [Verbal n. 
of privateer, v.] The act or practice of cruis- 
ing in a privateer for hostile purposes. 
Many have felt it to be desirable that privateering should 
be placed under the ban of international law, and the feel- 
Ing is on the increase, In our age of humanity, that the 
system ought to come to an end. 
Wooltey, Introd. to Inter. Law, f 122. 
privateerism (pri-va-ter'izm), n. [< jiriratccr 
+ -fsm.] Naut., disorderly conduct, or any- 
thing out of man-of-war rules. Also called 
privateer practice. Admiral Smyth. [Rare.] 
privateersman (pri-va-terz'man),n.; -pl.prira- 
teermnen (-men). [< privateer's, poss. of priva- 
teer, + man.] An officer or seaman of a priva- 
teer. 
Marquis Santa Cruz, lord high admiral of Spain, . . . 
looked on, mortified and amazed, but offering no combat, 
while the Plymouth privateermnanl Drake] swept the har- 
bour of the great monarch of the world. 
Motley, lli.-t. Netherlands, II. 283. 
privately (pri'vat-li), rtrfc. 1. In a private or 
secret manner; not openly or publicly. 
And as he sat upon the mount of Olives the disciples 
came unto him privately. Mat. xxlv. 3. 
2. Iii a manner affecting an individual; per- 
sonally: as, he is not privately benefited, 
privateness (pri'vat-nes), M. 1. Secrecy; pri- 
vacy. 
Knew theyc how guiltless and how free I were from 
prying into vripatenet*. 
Martton, End of Scourge of Vlllanle, To him that hath 
(perused me. 
2. Retirement; seclusion from company or 
society. 
A man's nature is best perceived in privatettc**, for there 
Is no affectation. Bacon, Nature In Men (ed. 1887). 
3. The state of an individual in the rank of a 
common citizen, or not invested with office. 
Men cannot retire when they would, neither will they 
when It were reason, but are impatient of privatenea, even 
In age and sickness, which require the shadow. 
Bacon, Great Place (ed. 1887). 
privation (pri-va'sbon), . [< ME. priracion, < 
OF. (and F.) prtottUonmBp.pi4toeltmmmPg.tri- 
vaqUo = It. prirazione, < L. />rirntii>(n-). a taking 
away, < prirare, pp. jiriruln.i. deprive: see pri- 
vate.] 1. Tbextatc of bring deprived; particu- 
larly, deprivation or absence of what is neces- 
sary for comfort ; destitution ; want. 
4738 
Fains of privation are the pains that may result from the 
thought of not possessing in the time present any of the 
several kinds of pleasures. 
!: ill/nun, Introd. to Morals and Legislation, v. 17. 
Maggie's sense of loneliness and utter privation of joy 
had deepened with the brightness of advancing spring. 
Georye Klint, Mill on the Floss, Iv. 8. 
2. The act of removing something possessed; 
the removal or destruction of any thing or any 
property; deprivation. 
Kyng Richard had bene in greate ieopardie either of pri- 
uacinn of his realme, or losse of bis life, or both. 
Hull. Rich. III., an. 8. 
3. In logic, a particular kind of negation con- 
sisting in the absence from a subject of a 
habit which ought to be, might be, or generally 
is in that subject or others like it. 
Privation sometimes signifies the absence of the form 
which may be introduced upon the subject : so the priva- 
tion of the soul may be said to be in the seed, of heat in 
cold water ; sometimes the absence of the form which 
ought to be in the subject. That is a physical privation, 
and is numbered among the principles of generation ; this 
is a logical. Buryersdiciwi, tr. by a (jentleman, i. 22. 
Whether this comparative specifying foundation be a 
priralion or a mode is a philosophical controversy. 
Baxter, Divine Life, I. 10. 
4. The act of degrading from rank or office. 
If part of the people or estate be somewhat in the elec- 
tion, you cannot make them nulls or cyphers In the pri- 
vation or translation. Bacon. 
5. Technically, in the Rom. Cath. Ch., the sus- 
pension of an ecclesiastic from his office, sti- 
pend, ecclesiastical functions, or jurisdiction. 
Logical privation. See logical. =Syn. 1. Need, pen- 
ury, poverty, necessity, distress. 
privative (priv'a-tiv), a. and n. [= F. prira- 
tif= Sp. Pg. It.privativo, < LL. privativus, de- 
noting privation, negative, < L. prirare, pp. pri- 
vattis, deprive: see private, .] I. a. 1. Caus- 
ing privation or destitution. 
We may add that negative or privative will, also, where- 
by he withholdeth his graces from some. 
Hooker, Eccles. Polity, v., App. 1. 
2. Depending on or consisting in privation in 
the logical sense. 
The very prirative blessings, the blessings of Immunity, 
safeguard, liberty, and Integrity, which we all enjoy, de- 
serve the thanksgiving of a whole life. 
Jar. Taylor, Holy Living, II. 6. 
Descartes is driven by the necessary logic of his thought 
to conceive all limits and differences as purely privative 
I. e. as mere absence or defect of existence. 
K. Caird, Philos. of Kant, p. 42. 
3. In gram. : (a) Changing the sense of a word 
from positive to negative : as, a privative prefix ; 
a- or av- prira tire. (6) Predicating negation : as, 
& privative word Privative connotative term, an 
adjective noting some privation, as "blind." Privative 
Jurisdiction. In Scots lav, a court is said to have priva- 
tive jurisdiction in a particular class of causes when it is 
the only court entitled to adjudicate In such causes. Imp. 
DM. Privative nothing. See nothing. Privative 
opposites, a habit and its privation. Privative propo- 
sition, a proposition declaring a privation. 
II. n. 1. That which depends on, or of which 
the essence is, the absence of something else, 
as silence, which exists by the absence of sound. 
Blackness and darkness are Indeed but priratiret, and 
therefore have little or no activity. 
Bacon, Nat. Hist, f. 873. 
2. In gram.: (a) A prefix to a word which 
changes its signification and gives it a contrary 
sense, as un- in unwise, in- in inhuman, an- in 
anarchy, a- in achromatic, (b) A word which 
not only predicates negation of a quality in an 
object, but also involves the notion that the 
absent quality is naturally inherent in it, and 
is absent through loss or some other privative 
cause. 
privatively (priv'a-tiv-li), adr. 1. In a priva- 
tive manner ; in the manner or with the force 
of a privative. 2f. By the absence of some- 
thing; negatively. [Rare.] 
The duty of the new covenant Is set down first priva- 
tivtly. Hammond. 
privativeness (priv'a-tiv-nes), n. The condi- 
tion of being privative. [Rare.] 
privet, v. t. f< ME. priven, < OF. prirer = Sp. 
Pg. jtrivar = It. privare, < L. privare, separate, 
deprive: see private, v. Cf. deprive.'] To de- 
prive. 
Temple devout, tber Ood hath his wonlnge, 
Fro which these mlshlleved prived [var. deprived] been. 
Chaucer, A. B. C., 1. 146. 
For what can be said worse of slepe. If It, pricing yon of 
all pleasures, do not suffer you to feele any thing at all? 
Barker, Fearful Fancies, P 1 b. (Narrt.) 
priveet, privet, a. Middle English forms of 
privet (priv'ct), n. [Formerly also privie; ap- 
par. a corruption of primet. Ct. prie&.] 1. A 
privilege 
shrub, Lifiustritm rulgare. of the northern Old 
World, planted and somewhat naturalized in 
North America; the common or garden privet. 
The name extends also to the other members of 
the genus. 2. In the southern United States, 
a small oleaceous tree of wet grounds, For- 
estiera acuminata Barren privet, the alaternns. 
See Rhamnta. California privet, the Japanese privet, 
sometimes misnamed Liyunrum O/iVxriiicHtn.-- Egyp- 
tian privet. See A i/-i i'. Japanese privet, Li- 
ffwtrwn Japonicum (including L. oval(folium). Mock 
privet, the jasmine box. See I'hiilyrra. 
priveteet, n. A Middle English spelling of 
privity. 
privet-hawkmoth (priv'et-hak'moth), n. A 
sphinx, Sphinx ligustri, so called from its ovi- 
positing on privet, on which its larva feeds. 
priviet, An obsolete form of privet. 
The borders round about are set with priuie sweet. 
Breton, Daffodils and Primroses, p. 3. (Daviet.) 
privilege (priv'i-lej), . [Formerly also privi- 
lege; < ME. privilege, prevelache, < OF. privi- 
lege, F. privilege = Sp. Pg. It. priritegio, < L. 
privilegium, an ordinance in favor of an indi- 
vidual, prerogative, < privus, one's own, pri- 
vate, peculiar, -I- lex, law : see private and le- 
<jal.'] 1. An ordinance in favor of an individual. 
Be ye our help and our proteccloun, 
Syn for meryt of your virgiuitee 
The privilege of his deleccioun 
In yow conformed God upon a tree 
Banging. Chaucer, Mother of Ood, 1. 122. 
Privilege, in Roman jurisprudence, means the exemp- 
tion of one individual from the operation of a law. 
Mackintosh, Study of the Law of Nature, p. 50, note. 
2. A right, immunity, benefit, or advantage 
enjoyed by a person or body of persons beyond 
the common advantages of other individuals ; 
the enjoyment of some desirable right, or an 
exemption from some evil or burden ; a private 
or personal favor enjoyed ; a peculiar advan- 
tage. 
As under privilege of age to brag 
What I have done being young. 
Shak., Much Ado, v. 1. 80. 
It hath been an accustom'd liberty 
To spend this day in mirth, and they will choose 
Rather their Soules then priniledge* loose. 
Time f Whittle (E. E. T. S.\ p. 20. 
Pastures, wood-lots, mill-sites, with the privilege*, 
Rights, and appurtenances which make up 
A Yankee Paradise. H'hittier, Bridal of Pcnnacook. 
Specifically (o) In the Rom. Cath. Ch., an exemption or 
license granted by the Pope. It differs from a difpenjta- 
tion and from a grace in that it never refers to a single act, 
but presupposes nnd legalizes many acts done in pursu- 
ance of it, and confers on its possessor immunity in regard 
to every act so privileged, (o) Special Immunity or advan- 
tage granted to persons in authority or in office, as the free- 
dom of speech, freedom from arrest, etc., enjoyed by mem- 
bers of Parliament or of Congress. Compare breach of priv- 
ilege, below. 
The Parliament-men are as great Princes as any in the 
World, when whatsoever they please Is Priviledge of Par. 
llament Selden, Table-Talk, p. til. 
3f. Aii advantage yielded ; superiority. 
Compassion of the king commands me stoop, 
Or I would see his heart out, ere the priest 
Should ever get that privilege of me. 
Shale., 1 Hen. VI., ill. 1. 121. 
4. In law: (a) A special and exclusive right 
conferred by law on particular persousor classes 
of persons, and ordinarily in derogation of the 
common right. Such grants were often sought to be 
justified on grounds of public utility, but were, to a greater 
or less extent, really intended to benefit the privileged 
person or persons. 
If the printer haue any great dealings with thee, he were 
best get a prinilftlye betimes, ad imprimendum solum, for. 
bidding all other to sell waste paper but himselfe. 
Xaxhe, Pierce Penllesse, p. 46. 
Our King, In lieu of Money, among other Acts of Grace, 
gave them a Privilege to pay but 1 per Cent. 
HmtfU, Letters, I. vi. S. 
(b) The law, rule, or grant conferring such a 
right, (c) In the civil law, a lien or priority of 
right of payment, such as the artisans' privilege, 
corresponding to the common-law lien of a 
bailee or the lien under mechanics' lien-laws, 
carriers' privilege, inn-keepers' privilege, etc. 
In this sense the word Is more appropriately applicable 
to a preference secured by law, and not to one granted 
by special agreement, (rf) In some of the United 
States, the right of a licensee in a vocation 
which is forbidden except to licensees, (e) In 
modern times (since all liave become generally 
equal before the law), one of the more sacred 
and vital rights common to all citizens: as, the 
/n ii'i7n/r df tin- writ of habeas corpus; thr^in'r- 
ileges of a citizen of the United States. 5. 
A speculative contract covering a "put" or 
a "call," or both a put and a call (that is, a 
"straddlr"). See calU, i,.. l.l. >,/i. ., (i, and 
ttraddle. .- Breach of privilege, violation of the 
