process 
as, process blocks, process tutu, process pictures, 
etc. 
Ilie bare floor was clean, and the walls wero hung with 
flu-lip prints of the kind known as process pictures. 
The Standard, VII. 12. 
Abating process. See abate. Abuse of process. See 
own*. Accessory process. Same as anapophysis. 
Acromlal or acromion process. See acromion. Ac- 
tinic process. See actiiue. Alar processes, two small 
wlng-Uke processes proceeding from the crista galli In 
front against the frontal bone, and partially including the 
foramen caecum. Albumin process, in photog. See al- 
bumin *nai alveolar, angular processes. See 
the adjectives. Ammonia ore process. See ammonia. 
Anconeus process. Same as wtcratum. Annular, an- 
teorbltal, auditory, autographic process. See the ad- 
jectives. Articular process of the lower Jaw. Seeor- 
ticular. Augustln's process, a method of extracting sil- 
ver from the ground chloridized ores of that metal, by the 
use of a solution of common salt. The silver chlorid, formed 
in the chloridizing roasting, is soluble in the saline solu- 
tion, a double chlorid of silver and sodium being formed. 
From this solution the silver Is precipitated by means of 
copper. BarfTs process, a method of protecting the sur- 
face of Iron from rust by forming upon it a thin film of 
magnetic oxid. It is done by subjecting it at a red heat 
to the action of superheated steam. Basic process. See 
basic. Basilar process. See bamlar. Baslpterygoid 
processes. See oaripterygaid. Beer process, in photog. 
See 6eri. Bessemer process, a method, invented by 
Bessemer, of decarburizlng cast-iron. It is of great im- 
portance, since by this process steel can now be made 
much more cheaply than was formerly possible. See steel. 
Bethell process, a process for preserving wood, con- 
sisting in its impregnation with tar, oil of tar, and carbolic 
acid : this mixture is commercially known as gaUalin, and 
is obtained by the distillation of coal. Bird's-head pro- 
cess, one of the avicularla of a polyzoan, which are shaped 
and have a snapping motion like the beak of a bird. Bitu- 
men process, in photoy. See bitumen. Boucherie's 
process, the injection of a solution of sulphate of copper 
into the pores of wood. Burnettizing process, the in- 
troduction of zinc chlorid into the pores of wood. Capit- 
ular, carbon, Carinthian process. See the qualifying 
words. Cazo process [Sp. cazo, a pan], in metal., the 
treatment of silver ores in the moist way, with the aid of 
heat, which in the patio process is not used. See patio 
process. Chenot process, a process, invented by the 
French metallurgist Chenot, for producing cast-steel. 
Wrought-iron in the form of a metallic sponge is first ob- 
tained directly from the ore by cementation with charcoal. 
This iron is then carburized by being impregnated with 
some liquid substance rich in carbon, then torrifled, and 
finally melted In crucibles, as in the ordinary method of 
manufacturing cast-steel. Chlorination, chlorin, cili- 
ary, clay, clinold, cochleariform process. See the 
qualifying words. Collodion process, in photog. See 
collodion. Condyloid process. Same as articular pro- 
cos of the lower jaw. Coracoid, coronoid, costal pro- 
cess. See the adjectives. Cordurl^'s process, a meth- 
od of dezincifk-ation, by the use of superheated steam, 
of lead from which the silver has been separated by the 
Parkcs process. Creosoting process, the application of 
creosote to well-seasoned telegraph-poles for their preser- 
vation. Direct process. See Moomery. Dry process, 
(a) In photog., the use of dry plates or films ; specifically, 
the use of gelatinobromide emulsions as a sensitive coat- 
ing for plates or films which are used in a dry state. See 
photography, (b) In Jink-culture, a process of fecundating 
spawn, Invented by V. P. Vrasskl. It differs from the moist 
process by requiring two vessels, one for the spawn, which 
is placed in it without water, and the other for the milt, 
to which water Is added to moisten the eggs. By the dry 
process, scarcely one per cent, of the eggs escape fecunda- 
tion, while in the moist method tn or twelve per cent, of 
the spawn may be lost, (c) In assaying. See assaying. 
Due process of law. See duel. Eckart'a process, a 
method of preserving meats, game, fish, etc., by means of 
a solution of 1,240 parts salt, 10 parts saltpeter, and 2R 
parts salicylic acid in 8,725 parts of clean water, applied 
under a pressure of 180 to 200 pounds per square inch. 
Ensiform process. SameatmetatUrnum. Ethmoidal 
process, a small projection on the posterior superior bor- 
der of the turbinate bone for articulation with the unci* 
nate process of the ethmoid. Executory process. See 
executory. Falciform process. Same as falx eerebri 
(which see, under/ate)- Fallacy Of an illicit process. 
See fallacy. Final process, the writ of execution used 
to carry the judgment into effect Floccular process, 
the flocculus. Foreign Process Acts. See foreign 
Fox-Talbot process. Same as Fox-type, 1. Frontona- 
sal, galvanoplastlc, gelatin, geniculate, Ingraasian 
process. See the qualifying words. Hamular process, 
(a) Of the lacrymal bone, a hook-like projection at the 
lower extremity, curving forward in the lacrymal notch 
of the maxilla. (6) Of the sphenoid, the Inferior hook-like 
extremity of the internal ptcrygoid plate, under which the 
tendon of the tensor palati plays. Heliotype process. 
See heliotypy. -Intercoial, jugal, jugular process. 
See the adjectives. Iron-reduction process, a method 
of smelting lead In which metallic iron is employed as an 
accessory agent of desulphurization, or else some oxidized 
compound of Iron, which during the process will yield me- 
tallic Iron. This process has been extensively experiment- 
ed with at Taniowitz In Silesia, and In the Hunt, and there 
abandoned. It has also been tried In other localities, and 
is (or was recently) in use to some extent in Japan. Also 
called precipitation process, a translation of the German 
name for It (niedernchlaparbeit}. Jugular process, In 
man, a thickened part of the occipital bone to the back 
and outer side of the jugular fossa, articulating with the 
mastoid part of the temporal. Kenogenetic process. 
See teiuxjenetic. Kyanlzing process. See Icyaniang. 
Lacrymal process, a small projection on the upper an- 
terior border of the tarhfnate hone for articulation with 
the lacrymal bone. Le Blanc process. See /a. -Len- 
ticular process. Hee incut (a). Long process of the 
malleus, ft slender prm-ess received In the (llaserian fis- 
sure. Also called proceaus ffracHu. limffiin. trnui*, folia- 
ntu, antrrinr, and tertitix. .Hee cut under hi/"i,l. - Malar 
process, a thick triangular projection "I tin- maxilla fur 
articulation with the malar hone. Mammillary, mas- 
4746 
told, mesne process. See the adjectives. Martin pro- 
cess. Si-e.-fr(. Maxillary process, (a) Of the palate- 
bone, a tongue-shaped projection on the anterior border of 
the vertical plate, overlapping the orifice of the antrum of 
II iu'liniiire in the articulated skull. (6) Of the turbinate 
bone, a flattened plate descending from the attached mar- 
gin, forming, when articulated, a part of the inner wall of 
the antrum below the entrance. Montelth's process, 
the discharging of color from mordanted cotton cloth by 
the direct application of chlorin. Morphine or mor- 
phia process. See?norpAin. Nasal process, (a) The 
slender tapering process on the anterior superior part of 
the maxilla articulating with the frontal above. (6) Same 
as lacrymal process, (c) Same as natal spine (which see, 
under nojial). Nutant process. See nutant. Oblique 
processes of the vertebra. See oblique. Obliter- 
ate, odontoid, orbital process. See the adjectives. 
Olivary process. Same as olivary eminence (which 
see, under oiiuaru). Orbicular process. See tncu (a). 
Palatal or palatine process, any marked outgrowth 
of a palate-bone, especially the flat horizontal plate of 
that bone which meets its fellow In mid-line, the pair 
together forming the hinder part of the hard palate or 
bony roof of the mouth. Palingenetic process. See 
palinyenetic. Paramastoid process, in man, an obtuse 
projection of the under surface of the jugular process, 
at the Insertion of the rectus capitis laterally muscle, 
corresponding to a prominent process present in many 
mammals, especially the ungulates and rodents. Also 
called paracondyloid process. Parkes process, a meth- 
od of separating silver from lead by fusion with metal- 
lic zinc. When a molten mixture of these two metals 
is allowed to cool, the zinc separates and solidifies first, 
forming a crust on the other metal. If the lead contains 
silver, this Is concentrated In the solidified crust of zinc, 
from which it may afterward be separated by distillation. 
Parotic process. See parotic. Patera process, see 
Von Patera process, below. Patio process [Sp. patio, 
an open space], in metal., a method of obtaining the sil- 
ver from argentiferous ores by amalgamation, extensively 
practised In Mexico and South America. It is suited for 
ores In which the silver Is present in the form of simple or 
complex sulphids. without a Urge percentage of blende or 
galena, or more than three or four per cent, of copper py 
rites. In this process the ore, ground by arrastres, is mixed 
with common salt, roasted copper pyrites (called ma- 
gistral), and quicksilver. The whole mass is thoroughly 
mixed, usually by being trodden by mules, the result being 
that the silver becomes amalgamated with the quicksilver, 
and can then be easily separated. The mixing (as indicated 
by the name) takes place on large level floors in theopen air. 
Pattinson process, i n metal. , a method of desil verlzing 
lead, in general use In the treatment of argentiferous lead, 
and capable of being profitably employed even when the 
precious metal is present in the lead in so small quantity 
as two or three ounces to the ton of the baser metal. The 
process depends on the fact that melted lead containing 
silver solidifies gradually in cooling, small particles like 
crystals separating from the liquid mass, which latter 
Is much richer in silver than the other part the part 
which solidifies or crystallizes first yielding up a large 
part of Its silver to that part of the lead which remains 
fluid. By several repetitions of the operation, the re- 
maining lead becomes at last so enriched with silver that 
this metal can be easily and profitably separated. The 
process, which is one of great importance in the metal- 
lurgic treatment of argentiferous galena, was the Inven- 
tion of Hugh Lee Pattinson of Alston in Cumberland, and 
was first applied on a scale of some magnitude in 1833. 
Before this Invention silver had always been separated 
from lead (these two metals being almost always found as- 
sociated togetherin nature) by cupellation, through which 
process a proportion of silver less than about eight ounces 
to the ton of lead could not be separated with profit. 
The process is sometimes called patttiwonuotton. Pecti- 
neal, phalangeal, photolithographic process. See 
the adjectives. Photogelatin process, in photog., any 
process in which gelatin plays an important part, as in the 
ordinary gelatinobromide dry plates and films. Plaster 
process. See plaster. Plattner's process, a method of 
separating gold from pyrites by the employment of chlo- 
rin gas, by which the gold is converted Into a soluble 
chlorid, which can then be washed out with water, and 
precipitated by sulphureted hydrogen in the form of a 
sulphuret, from which combination the precious metal 
is easily obtained. See chlorination. Polychromatic, 
acts 
United States statutes of 1789 an3 1792(1 StatrfM,~275), the 
first requiring the writs, executions, and other processes 
of the I nited States courts in suits at law to conform to 
those used In the supreme courts of the several States 
where such courts were held, except as to their style 
and teste. The second. In effect, reenacted the first, 
but allowed the courts or the Supreme Court of the 
United States by rule to make such alterations or addi- 
tions aa might seem expedient, and regulated the fees 
of court-officers, etc. Process caption. See caption, 
Process of augmentation. See augmentation. Pro- 
cess work, any form of relief-printing plate made by 
photographic or etching processes, and not by cutting 
with a graver. See photo-procesn. Prosternal, ptery- 
goid, etc., process. See the adjectives. Pyramidal 
process. Same aa tuberonty of the palate-bone. Rus- 
sell's process, a modification of the Von Patera pro- 
ces for the separation of silver from its ores. The pe- 
culiarity of the process depends on the fact that a so- 
lution of thiosulphate of copper and soda has a power- 
ful decomposing influence on the sulphureted, antfmo- 
nlureted, and arseniureted combinations of silver. The 
roasted ore is first lixiviated with sodium thlosulphute 
to dissolve the silver chlorid, and afterward with copper 
thiosulphate. This latter solvent Is called the "extra so- 
tattoo, and by IU use an additional amount of silver Is 
saved, which would otherwise have been lost In the tail- 
ings. Short process of malleus, a small conical eml- 
nciji at the root of the manuhrium. Also railed procetf- 
fus brcris, obtuirus, externus, cnnoideus, or secundus, or fti- 
orrculum mallei. Siemens-Martin process. See steel. 
Siemens process, sec >t,-rl. Solvay process. See 
Sphenoldal process, tin- posterior nf tlie t<> 
processes surmounting the vertical plate of the palate- 
procession 
bone. It curves Inward and backward on the under sur- 
face of the body of the sphenoid bone. Splnous pro- 
cess. See svinous. Stylold process, (a) A conical 
eminence at tne upper extremity of the fibula, (b) A short, 
stout, pyramidal process projecting downward from the 
outer part of the distal extremity of the radius, (e) A short 
cylindrical eminence at the inner and back part of the dis- 
tal extremity of the ulna, (d) A long, slender, tapering 
process projecting downward and forward from the outer 
part of the under surface of the petrous portion of the tem- 
poral bone : It Is developed from Independent centers of 
ossification, corresponding to the tympauohyal and stylo- 
hyal bones. Supracondylar process, a small hook-like 
process, with its point directed downward, not unfre- 
quently found in front of the Internal condylar ridge of 
the humerus in man. It represents a part of the Done 
inclosing a foramen in carnivorous animals Thomas- 
Gilchrist process. Same i>basic process. To obstruct 
process. See obstruct. Trustee process. Zee garnish- 
ment, 2 (6). Turbinate process, (a) Superior, a short 
sharp margin of the ethmoid overhanging the superior 
meatus. (D) Inferior, the folded margin of the sphenoid 
overhanging the middle meatus. Also called superior and 
middle spongy bones. TJchatlUS process, a method of 
making steel which has been tried in various places, but 
is not in general use. It consists in decarburizing pig-iron 
by fusing ft with a material which will give up oxygen, 
especially iron peroxld or roasted spathic ore. Uncinate 
process. See processug uncinatui, under processus. Vag- 
inal process, (a) Of the sphenoid, a slightly raised edge 
at the base of the Internal plate of the pterygoid, articu- 
lating with the everted margin of the vomer. (6) Of the 
temporal, a flattened plate of bone on the under surface 
of the petrous portion, Immediately back of the glenold 
fossa, and partly surrounding the styloid process at its 
base. Vermiform process, the elevated median portion 
or lobe between the hemispheres of the cerebellum that 
portion on the upper surface being known as the superior, 
that on the under surface the inferior. Von Patera 
process, a method of separating silver from its ores, after a 
chloridizing roasting, by means of a solution of hypophos- 
phite of soda or lime, which takes up the chlorid of silver, 
from which solution the metal can be precipitated by an al- 
kaline sulphuret. Washoe process, in metal. See pant, 
3. Wet process, in photog. , the collodion process. Zier- 
vogel's process, the separation of silver from the sulphate 
by lixiviation with hot water containing some sulphuric 
acid. It is used in the treatment of argentiferous cop- 
per mattes in which the silver has been transformed into 
the sulphate by a peculiar kind of roasting. This pro- 
cess is one of very limited application, as great skill Is re- 
quired for the management of the roasting, and but few 
silverores can be profitably treated by the method. ZygO- 
matic process, a horizontal bar, directed forward from 
the aquamous part of the temporal bone, and articulat- 
ing in front with the malar. Also called zygoma. = Syn. 
Process, Proceeding, Procedure, Operation. In this connec- 
tion process applies to a way of doing something by rule or 
established method : as, the Bessemer process; the process 
of drilling an artesian well ; a legal process. Proceeding ex- 
presses a complex action making a whole : as, it was a very 
strange proceeding. Jefferson and Cushing, in their manu- 
als of parliamentary procedure, use proceeding, perhaps as a 
participial noun, where procedure, being more exact, would 
be the better word. Procedure applies to a way of doing 
things formally ; a legal proceeding is a thing done legally ; 
a legal process la a legal form gone through for the attain- 
ment of a definite purpose ; legal procedure is the way of 
doing things in the administration of law, as in the court- 
room ; a legal procedure is a less desirable form of expres- 
sion for a legal proceeding. Operation may be used for the 
way in which a thing works or operates : as, the operation 
of a nail-making machine ; it Is rarely used thus of per- 
sonal activity, except in a bad sense : as, the operations of 
a gang of thieves. See act, r. i. 
process (pros'es), v. t. [< process, .] 1. To 
proceed against by legal process ; summon in a 
court of law. 
He was at the quarter-sessions, processing his brother 
for tin and tinpence, hay-money. 
Mist Edijeirorth, Ennui, viiL 
If a man processes a neighbour for debt, he is in danger 
of being paid with a full ounce of lead. 
Fortnightly Ken., K. S., XL. 480. 
2. To reproduce, as a drawing, etc., by any me- 
chanical process, especially by a photographic 
process. See photo-process. [Recent.] 
Of course all American readers saw at once that every 
cut in Mr. Pyle's admirable book was processed to use a 
new verb Invented to fit a new thing. 
Sew York Evening Post, Jan. 28, 1884. 
Both [books], we should say, are rather well Illustrated, 
Lady J 's with heliogravure portraits . . . and Capt. 
B 's with copies (also processed in some way) of draw, 
ings. Atheiurum, No. 8251, p. 207. 
processal (pros'e_s-al), a. [< process + -7.] 
Pertaining to or involving a process. [Rare.] 
All Sorts of Damages, and processal Charges, come to 
above two hunderd and fifty thousand Crowns. 
II,." ,11. Letters, I. ill. 8. 
procession (pro-sesh'on), . [< ME. protessionn, 
lifK-cxsiun = ~D. processie = G. Sw. Dan. pro- 
cession, < OF. procession, F. procession = Sp. 
procesion = Pg. procisxSo, processSo = It. pro- 
i-ix.tiinn; < 1,. />/<<rcs'o("-)> alnar< 'h'ngf' or v. iir 'l' 
an advance, I^L. a religious procession, < pro- 
r- dirf, pp. processus, move forward, advance, 
proceed: nee proceed. Cf. //IVKVJW.] 1. Thrm-t 
of proceeding or issuing forth or from HTiytliiiif;. 
The Oreck churches deny the procession of the Huly 
('.host from the Son. 
Jer. Taylor, Works (ed. 18S6\ II. 2B. 
Tn the procession of the sou] from within ontwanl, it in 
its circles ever, like . . . the liuht prueerdlng from 
:'n "rli. Kmrnon, Essays, 1st ser., ].. I" 
